A5037146922- Child and Adolescent Health
- Respiratory viral infections research
- Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia Studies
- Asthma and respiratory diseases
- Neonatal Respiratory Health Research
- Health disparities and outcomes
- Migration, Health and Trauma
- Injury Epidemiology and Prevention
- Emergency and Acute Care Studies
- Family and Disability Support Research
- Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) Research
- Congenital Anomalies and Fetal Surgery
- demographic modeling and climate adaptation
- Global Maternal and Child Health
- Cleft Lip and Palate Research
- Disability Education and Employment
- Respiratory Support and Mechanisms
- Employment and Welfare Studies
- COVID-19 epidemiological studies
- COVID-19 Pandemic Impacts
- Hip and Femur Fractures
- Pharmaceutical studies and practices
- Adolescent and Pediatric Healthcare
- Healthcare cost, quality, practices
- Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia research
University College London
2017-2025
Great Ormond Street Hospital
2018-2025
Froedtert Hospital
2021
Medical College of Wisconsin
2021
Institute of Child Health
2020
One-third of children in England have special educational needs (SEN) provision recorded during their school career. The proportion with SEN varies between schools and demographic groups, which may reflect variation need, inequitable and/or systemic factors. There is scant evidence on whether improves health education outcomes. Health Outcomes young People Education (HOPE) research programme uses administrative data from the Child Insights Linked Data-ECHILD-which contains all state schools,...
Highly prevalent and typically beginning in childhood, asthma is a burdensome disease, yet the risk factors for this condition are not clarified. To enhance understanding, study assessed cohort-specific pooled of maternal education on children aged 3–8 across 10 European countries. Data 47,099 were obtained from prospective birth cohort studies We calculated prevalence difference outcomes using relative index inequality (RII) slope (SII). Results all countries random-effects meta-analysis...
Children with major congenital anomalies (MCAs) disproportionately experience complex health problems requiring additional and educational support. To describe survival to the start of school recorded special needs (SEN) provision among children without administrative record-identified MCAs in England. We present results for 12 system-specific MCA subgroups 25 conditions. also change prevalence SEN before after reforms 2014, which were implemented improve streamline provision. created a...
Introduction There is limited research on the health outcomes of children who have migrated, or whose parents to UK. Methods We used linked birth registration and Census data from 1991, 2001 2011 waves Longitudinal Study, covering 1% England Wales population. derived prevalence self-or-caregiver reported limiting long-term illness (2001, Censuses) poor (1991, 2001, among household members <18 years old. defined immigration background using child parent country birth. Logistic regression...
Administrative health data, such as the Hospital Episode Statistics (HES), can be used to identify groups of people with a particular target condition, process known phenotyping. Clinical phenotypes are useful exposures, covariates and outcomes in research studies using administrative including data linked other sources Education Child Health Insights from Linked Data (ECHILD) project. ECHILD brings together HES national datasets National Pupil Database children's social care for all England...
Background Rates of hospital admissions for bronchiolitis vary seasonally and geographically across England; however, seasonal differences by area remain unexplored. We sought to describe spatial variation in the seasonality its association with local demographic characteristics. Methods Singleton children born English National Health Service hospitals between 2011 2016 (n=3 727 013) were followed up 1 year. Poisson regression models harmonic functions model variations used calculate weekly...
Migrants are over-represented in SARS-CoV-2 infections globally; however, evidence is limited for migrants England and Wales. Household overcrowding a risk factor infection, with more likely to live overcrowded households than UK-born individuals. We aimed estimate the total effect of migration status on infection what extent household mediated this effect.
Understanding differences in the seasonality of bronchiolitis can help to plan timing interventions. We quantified extent which hospital admissions for is modified by socioeconomic position.Using Hospital Episode Statistics, we followed 3 717 329 infants born English National Health Service hospitals between 2011 and 2016 1 year. calculated proportion all infant due incidence rate per 1000 infant-years, according year, month, age, position region. used harmonic Poisson regression analysis...
The debated link between severe respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection in early life and asthma has yet to be investigated within a social inequity lens. We estimated the magnitude of socioeconomic disparity childhood which would remain if no child were admitted hospital for bronchiolitis, commonly due RSV, during infancy.The cohort, constructed from national administrative health datasets, comprised 83853 children born Scotland 1 January 2007 31 June 2008. Scottish Index Multiple...
Interventions introduced to reduce the spread of SARS-CoV-2 led a widespread reduction in childhood infections. However, from spring 2021 onwards United Kingdom and Ireland experienced an unusual out-of-season epidemic respiratory disease.
Abstract Background There is limited understanding of the drivers increasing infant accident and emergency (A&E) attendances hospital admissions across England. We examine variations in use services among infants by local areas England investigate extent to which socio-economic factors explain these variations. Methods Birth cohort study using linked administrative Hospital Episode Statistics data Singleton live births between 1-April-2012 31-March-2019 were followed up for 1 year; from...
Electronic health records offer great potential for individual care, service improvement and, when collated, the of wider population. Datasets composed these types have been invaluable to our understanding risk factors maternal and infant ill-health. However, a barrier data quality in England is emerging where patients choose opt out sharing their information beyond NHS. Focussing on maternity statistics, we will present importance population level monitoring NHS services, consequences...
Objective To determine trends in emergency admission rates requiring different levels of critical care hospitals with and without a paediatric intensive unit (PICU). Design Birth cohort study created from Hospital Episode Statistics. Setting National Health Service funded England. Patients 8 577 680 singleton children born between 1 May 2003 31 April 2017. Outcome measures Using procedure diagnostic codes, we assigned indicators high dependency (eg, non-invasive ventilation) or invasive to...
Adherence to self-administered biologic disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (bDMARDs) is necessary for therapeutic benefit. Health-system specialty pharmacies (HSSPs) have reported high adherence rates across several disease states; however, outcomes in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) populations not yet been established.We performed a multisite retrospective cohort study including patients with RA and 3 or more documented dispenses of bDMARDs from January through December 2018. Pharmacy claims...
Special educational needs (SEN) provision is designed to help pupils with additional educational, behavioural or health needs; for example, cleft lip and/or palate may be offered SEN improve their speech and language skills. Our aim contribute the literature assess impact of on outcomes a well-defined population.
Abstract Background A third of children born in England have at least one parent outside the UK, yet family migration history is infrequently studied as a social determinant child health. We describe differences rates hospital admissions aged up to five years by parental and socioeconomic group. Methods Birth registrations linked Hospital Episode Statistics were used derive cohort 4,174,596 state-funded hospitals between 2008 2014, with follow-up until age years. looked eight maternal...
IntroductionWithout accounting for the underlying need Special Educational Needs (SEN) provision, pupils with SEN in England have been shown to higher rates of unauthorised absences. Objectives and ApproachOur objective was understand impact provision on absences children an expected SEN, those born Cleft Lip and/or Palate. We used linked health educational records investigate relationship between three categories (No Provision versus Support Education Healthcare Plan (EHCP)) aimed causally...
Objective and ApproachWe explored variation in special educational needs (SEN) provision between local authorities (LAs) England by focussing on children born preterm (24-<37 weeks gestation). We used linked individual-level state-funded hospital school records from the ECHILD database, alongside publicly available school-level records. LA of child’s residential address (n=150) recording SEN (split into support education, health care plans, EHCPs) were captured at January census year one,...
Major congenital anomalies (CAs) affect around 2% of live births and are a primary cause infant mortality, childhood morbidity long-term disability, often requiring hospitalisation and/or surgery. Children with CAs at greater risk lower educational attainment compared their peers, which could be due to learning disabilities, higher rates ill-health school absences, or lack adequate support. Our study will compare the children those peers up age 11 in England, using linked administrative...
<ns3:p>Introduction Special educational needs (SEN) legislation emphasises justifiable and fair service provision, but a lack of information on the underlying support requirements pupils has hampered efforts to quantify extent inequity between need provision. Using linked health-education data, aim this study is compare time first recorded SEN provision in school records for children with hospital-record defined cerebral palsy, by sociodemographic factors. Methods analysis We will use...
Background: Falls are a leading cause of unintentional injury in children, and up to 80% falls happen at home. To help inform building regulations information campaigns prevent such injuries, we investigated how housing characteristics associated with risk fall-related hospital admissions.Methods: We used birth-registration data for children born England between 2008 2014, linked admissions postcode-level data. estimated the association type, construction age, tenure related on stairs...
To assess associations between housing characteristics and risk of hospital admissions related to falls on/from stairs in children, help inform prevention measures.
Objectives To demonstrate the challenges of interpreting cross-country comparisons paediatric asthma hospital admission rates as an indicator primary care quality. Methods We used administrative data from >10 million children aged 6–15 years, resident in Austria, England, Finland, Iceland, Ontario (Canada), Sweden or Victoria (Australia) between 2008 and 2015. Asthma emergency department (ED) attendance were compared countries using Poisson regression models, adjusted for age sex. Results...
Background Despite its high prevalence, early onset and chronic nature, the causes of asthma are not clearly established. The present study examined a plausible but untested relationship in development non-allergic asthma; an phenotype closely linked to deprivation other preventable risk factors. Our aim was determine mediating role adiposity between socioeconomic position infancy emergence mid-childhood. Methods To estimate causal indirect effect we applied parametric g-computational...