A5042691162- Enzyme Production and Characterization
- Glycosylation and Glycoproteins Research
- Carbohydrate Chemistry and Synthesis
- Microbial Metabolites in Food Biotechnology
- Probiotics and Fermented Foods
- Biofuel production and bioconversion
- Parkinson's Disease Mechanisms and Treatments
- Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research
- Studies on Chitinases and Chitosanases
- Infant Nutrition and Health
- Vestibular and auditory disorders
- Neurological disorders and treatments
- Digestive system and related health
- Phytase and its Applications
- Enzyme Catalysis and Immobilization
- Medical Imaging Techniques and Applications
- Protein Hydrolysis and Bioactive Peptides
- Gut microbiota and health
- Polysaccharides and Plant Cell Walls
- Neural dynamics and brain function
- Ion channel regulation and function
- Botulinum Toxin and Related Neurological Disorders
- Monoclonal and Polyclonal Antibodies Research
- Amino Acid Enzymes and Metabolism
- Receptor Mechanisms and Signaling
Wakayama University
2020-2025
Utano Hospital
2014-2025
National Hospital Organization
2015-2025
Keio University
2024
Ishikawa Prefectural University
2012-2022
Kanazawa Medical University
2006-2021
National Cancer Center Hospital East
2021
Osaka Prefecture University
2019
Kyoto University
2004-2018
Okayama Prefecture
2018
The bifidogenic effect of human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) has long been known, yet the precise mechanism underlying it remains unresolved. Recent studies show that some species/subspecies Bifidobacterium are equipped with genetic and enzymatic sets dedicated to utilization HMOs, consequently they can grow on HMOs; however, ability metabolize HMOs not directly linked actual metabolic behavior bacteria. In this report, we clarify fate each HMO during cultivation infant gut-associated...
Opiates such as morphine and codeine are mainly obtained by extraction from opium poppies. Fermentative opiate production in microbes has also been investigated, complete biosynthesis of opiates a simple carbon source recently accomplished yeast. Here we demonstrate that Escherichia coli serves an efficient, robust flexible platform for total synthesis. Thebaine, the most important raw material opioid preparations, is produced stepwise culture four engineered strains at yields 2.1 mg l(-1)...
These international clinical practice guidelines were developed with detailed input from 29 invited consultants, who provided content as well feedback on draft versions. The final of the was ratified by Executive International Early Psychosis Association and presented formally endorsed at Third Conference held in Copenhagen, September 2002. They have been revised slightly to include medications that not available 2002, although a fully comprehensive process update has yet conducted. version...
The postsynaptic density (PSD) proteins Shank and Homer cooperate to induce the maturation enlargement of dendritic spines (Sala et al., 2001). Homer1a is an activity-inducible short-splice variant that lacks dimerization capacity. Here, we show reduces size in cultured hippocampal neurons correlation with inhibition targeting synapses. Expression also decreases PSD-95 clusters, number NMDA receptor level surface AMPA receptors, implying a negative effect on growth In parallel morphological...
A genomic library of Bifidobacterium bifidum constructed in Escherichia coli was screened for the ability to hydrolyze alpha-(1-->2) linkage 2'-fucosyllactose, and a gene encoding 1,2-alpha-l-fucosidase (AfcA) isolated. The afcA found comprise 1,959 amino acid residues with predicted molecular mass 205 kDa containing signal peptide membrane anchor at N C termini, respectively. domain responsible fucosidase activity (the Fuc domain; 577 1474) localized by deletion analysis then purified as...
Bifidobacteria are predominant bacteria present in the intestines of breast-fed infants and offer important health benefits for host. Human milk oligosaccharides one most growth factors bifidobacteria frequently fucosylated at their non-reducing termini. Previously, we identified 1,2-α-l-fucosidase (AfcA) belonging to novel glycoside hydrolase (GH) family 95, from Bifidobacterium bifidum JCM1254 (Katayama T, Sakuma A, Kimura Makimura Y, Hiratake J, Sakata K, Yamanoi Kumagai H, Yamamoto K....
Endo-beta-N-acetylglucosaminidase from Mucor hiemalis (Endo-M), a family 85 glycoside hydrolase, acts on the beta1,4 linkage of N,N'-diacetylchitobiose moiety in N-linked glycans glycoproteins and catalyzes not only hydrolysis reaction but also transglycosylation that transfers releasing sugar chain to an acceptor other than water form new glycosidic linkage. The activity Endo-M holds great promise for chemo-enzymatic synthesis glyco-engineering glycoproteins, inherent hydrolytic product low...
ABSTRACT Breast-fed infants often have intestinal microbiota dominated by bifidobacteria in contrast to formula-fed infants. We found that several bifidobacterial strains produce a lacto- N -biosidase liberates -biose I (Galβ1,3GlcNAc; type 1 chain) from -tetraose (Galβ1,3GlcNAcβ1,3Galβ1,4Glc), which is major component of human milk oligosaccharides, and subsequently isolated the gene Bifidobacterium bifidum JCM1254. The gene, designated lnbB , was predicted encode protein 1,112 amino acid...
Homogeneous N-glycoproteins carrying defined natural N-glycans are essential for detailed structural and functional studies. The transglycosylation activity of the endo-β-N-acetylglucosaminidases from Arthrobacter protophormiae (Endo-A) Mucor hiemalis (Endo-M) holds great potential glycoprotein synthesis, but wild-type enzymes not practical making glycoproteins native because their predominant product hydrolysis. In this article, we report studies two endoglycosidase-based glycosynthases,...
We found endo-alpha-N-acetylgalactosaminidase in most bifidobacterial strains, which are predominant bacteria the human colon. This enzyme catalyzes liberation of galactosyl beta1,3-N-acetyl-D-galactosamine (Galbeta1,3GalNAc) alpha-linked to serine or threonine residues from mucin-type glycoproteins. The gene (engBF) encoding has been cloned Bifidobacterium longum JCM 1217. protein consisted 1,966 amino acid residues, and central domain (590-1381 residues) exhibited 31-53% identity...
The α1,6-fucosyl residue (core fucose) of glycoproteins is widely distributed in mammalian tissues and altered under pathological conditions. A probe that specifically detects core fucose important for understanding the role this oligosaccharide structure. Aleuria aurantia lectin (AAL) Lens culimaris agglutinin-A (LCA) have been often used as carbohydrate probes glycoproteins. Here we show, by using surface plasmon resonance (SPR) analysis, Aspergillus oryzae l-fucose-specific (AOL) has...
Four rhesus monkeys were trained to perform visually guided wrist tracking movements (50). While they performed tasks by flexion or extension from a neutral position, simple-spike (SS) and complex-spike (CS) discharges of single Purkinje cell (P-cell) recorded intermediate lateral parts cerebellar hemispheres (lobules IV VI) ipsilateral the task-performing wrist. Of approximately 400 P-cells observed, 215 (54%) significantly increased decreased their SS discharge rate during task performance...
Abstract Gut microbiota of breast-fed infants are generally rich in bifidobacteria. Recent studies show that infant gut-associated bifidobacteria can assimilate human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) specifically among the gut microbes. Nonetheless, little is known about how bifidobacterial-rich communities shaped gut. Interestingly, HMOs assimilation ability not related to dominance each species. Bifidobacterium longum susbp. and breve commonly found as dominant species stools; however, they...
1. Three rhesus monkeys were trained to perform a rapid (greater than 100 degrees/s) and slow (less wrist movement guided by visual cue. While the monkey performed flexion or extension from neutral position, Purkinje cell (P-cell) discharges recorded intermediate lateral parts of lobules IV--VI cerebellum. 2. By visually movement, we could control direction movement; holding position at three different angles joint: neutral, about 30 degrees flexed, extended; velocity in four ranges: a)...
Dyskinesias are some of the major motor complications that impair quality life for patients with Parkinson's disease. The purpose present study was to investigate efficacy amantadine in disease suffering from dyskinesias.In this multi-center, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, cross-over trial, 36 and dyskinesias were 62 interventions, which included (300 mg/day) or placebo treatment 27 days, analyzed. At 15 days after washout, treatments crossed over. primary outcome measure...
The breast-fed infant intestine is often colonized by particular bifidobacteria, and human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) are considered to be bifidogenic. Recent studies showed that Bifidobacterium longum subsp. infantis can grow on HMOs as the sole carbon source. This ability has been ascribed presence of a gene cluster (HMO cluster-1) contained in its genome. However, metabolism organism remains unresolved because no enzymatic have completed. In present study, we characterized...
Fermented foods demonstrate remarkable health benefits owing to probiotic bacteria or microproducts produced via bacterial fermentation. are by the fermentative action of several lactic acid bacteria, including Leuconostoc mesenteroides; however, exact mechanism these remains unclear. Here, we observed that prebiotics associated with L. mesenteroides-produced exopolysaccharides (EPS) substantial host metabolic benefits. EPS is an indigestible α-glucan, and intake purified form improved...
Lateral trunk flexion is a common form of postural abnormality in Parkinson's disease and could be associated with verticality misperception. However, the mechanisms underlying lateral misperception remain unclear. In current study, we examined whether patients disease. We also identified brain regions involved altered perception. this cross-sectional evaluated perception using subjective visual vertical test 81 14 age-matched healthy controls. According to 97.5th percentile upper reference...
We describe a novel chemoenzymatic synthesis of eel calcitonin (eCT) glycopeptide analogues having natural N-linked oligosaccharides, such as disialo biantennary complex-type [(NeuAc-Gal-GlcNAc-Man)2-Man-GlcNAc2], an asialo [(Gal-GlcNAc-Man)2-Man-GlcNAc2], and high-mannose type [Man6-GlcNAc2] model compounds for glycoprotein synthesis. First, containing N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc) was prepared by chemical Next, oligosaccharides were added to the GlcNAc transglycosylation reaction using...
Bifidobacteria are predominant in the intestines of breast-fed infants and offer health benefits to host. Human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) considered be one most important growth factors for intestinal bifidobacteria. HMOs contain two major structures core tetrasaccharide: lacto-N-tetraose (Galβ1-3GlcNAcβ1-3Galβ1-4Glc; type 1 chain) lacto-N-neotetraose (Galβ1-4GlcNAcβ1-3Galβ1-4Glc; 2 chain). We previously identified unique metabolic pathway Bifidobacterium bifidum. Here, we clarified...
1,2-α-l-Fucosidase (AfcA), which hydrolyzes the glycosidic linkage of Fucα1-2Gal via an inverting mechanism, was recently isolated from Bifidobacterium bifidum and classified as first member novel glycoside hydrolase family 95. To better understand molecular mechanism this enzyme, we determined x-ray crystal structures AfcA catalytic (Fuc) domain in unliganded complexed forms with deoxyfuconojirimycin (inhibitor), 2′-fucosyllactose (substrate), l-fucose lactose (products) at 1.12-2.10Å...
Recently, a gene cluster involving phosphorylase specific for lacto-<i>N</i>-biose I (LNB; Galβ1–3GlcNAc) and galacto-<i>N</i>-biose (GNB; Galβ1–3GalNAc) has been found in <i>Bifidobacterium longum</i>. We showed that the solute-binding protein of putative ATP-binding cassette-type transporter encoded crystallizes only presence LNB or GNB, therefore we named it GNB/LNB-binding (GL-BP). Isothermal titration calorimetry measurements revealed GL-BP specifically binds GNB with...