A5089848765- Oceanographic and Atmospheric Processes
- Ocean Waves and Remote Sensing
- Marine and coastal ecosystems
- Tropical and Extratropical Cyclones Research
- Climate variability and models
- Geological and Geophysical Studies
- Geology and Paleoclimatology Research
- Underwater Acoustics Research
- Methane Hydrates and Related Phenomena
- Marine and fisheries research
- Underwater Vehicles and Communication Systems
- Meteorological Phenomena and Simulations
- Arctic and Antarctic ice dynamics
- Atmospheric aerosols and clouds
- Coastal and Marine Dynamics
- Remote Sensing and Land Use
- Advanced Measurement and Detection Methods
- Robotic Path Planning Algorithms
- Geophysics and Gravity Measurements
- E-commerce and Technology Innovations
- Environmental Changes in China
- Simulation and Modeling Applications
- Environmental and Agricultural Sciences
- Water Quality Monitoring Technologies
- Geological formations and processes
Ocean University of China
2016-2025
Sanya University
2024-2025
Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology
2016-2025
Laoshan Laboratory
2023-2024
Hainan Tropical Ocean University
2023-2024
Institute of Oceanology
2024
Chinese Academy of Sciences
2024
Marine Biology Institute of Shandong Province
2024
Changchun University
2024
Ministry of Ecology and Environment
2023
Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Science, University Miami, FloridaWoods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, MassachusettsNASA/Goddard Space Flight Center, Wallops Island, VirginiaCORRESPONDING AUTHOR: Dr. Shuyi S. Chen, RSMAS/University FL 33149 E-mail: schen@rsmas.miami.edu
Abstract Oceanic mesoscale eddies with horizontal scales of 50–300 km are the most energetic form flows in ocean. They oceanic analogues atmospheric storms and effective transporters heat, nutrients, dissolved carbon, other biochemical materials Although have been ubiquitously observed world oceans since 1960s, our understanding their three-dimensional (3D) structure, generation, dissipation remains fragmentary due to lack systematic full water-depth measurements. To bridge this knowledge...
Abstract With characteristics of large amplitude and strong current, internal solitary wave (ISW) is a major hazard to marine engineering submarine navigation; it also has significant impacts on ecosystems fishery activity. Among the world oceans, ISWs are particular active in northern South China Sea (SCS). In this spirit, SCS Internal Wave Experiment been conducted since March 2010 using subsurface mooring array. Here, we report an extreme ISW captured 4 December 2013 with maximum 240 m...
Oceanic eddy-induced meridional heat transport (EHT) is an important process in the Southern Ocean budget, variability of which significantly modulates global overturning circulation (MOC) and Antarctic sea-ice extent. Although it recognized that mesoscale eddies with scales ~40-300 km greatly contribute to EHT, role submesoscale ~1-40 remains unclear. Here, using two state-of-the-art high-resolution simulations (resolutions 1/48° 1/24°), we find enhance total poleward EHT enhancement...
Abstract Profiles of current velocity, temperature, and salinity were obtained in the Internal Wave Mixing Experiment South China Sea (SCS), Luzon Strait, North Pacific. The observations are examined for evidence enhanced diapycnal mixing SCS, which reaches O(10−3 m2 s−1) magnitude. Results from independent casts reveal that diffusivity SCS Strait is elevated by two orders magnitude over smooth bathymetry Pacific, typical background values an open ocean. vertical distribution nonuniform...
Abstract The extreme high winds, intense rainfall, large ocean waves, and copious sea spray in hurricanes push the surface-exchange parameters for temperature, water vapor, momentum into untested regimes. Coupled Boundary Layer Air–Sea Transfer (CBLAST)-Hurricane program is aimed at developing improved coupling parameterizations (using observations collected during CBLAST-Hurricane field program) next-generation hurricane research prediction models. Hurricane-induced surface waves that...
A pair of mesoscale eddies, namely, an anticyclonic eddy (AE) and a cyclonic (CE), generated southwest Taiwan was investigated using long‐term moored observations augmented with satellite reanalysis data. AE (CE) increased the upper‐ocean current to 100 cm/s (50 cm/s) temperature anomaly (T′) up 7.5°C (−3.0°C). The vertical structure presented phase difference between T′ velocity, core located south zero‐velocity line. This induced −28.5 ± 12.0 TW (1 = 10 12 W) westward heat transport...
Typhoon Megi passed between two subsurface moorings in the northern South China Sea October 2010 and upper ocean thermal dynamical response with strong internal tides present was examined detail. The entire observed water column (60–360 m) cooled due to Ekman-pumped upwelling (up 50 m thermocline) by Megi, maximum cooling of 4.2°C occurring thermocline. A relatively weak (maximum amplitude 0.4 s−1) quickly damped (e-folding time scale 2 inertial periods) near-inertial oscillation (NIO) mixed...
Abstract Sheddings of Kuroshio Loop Current (KLC) eddies in the northeastern South China Sea (SCS) are investigated using mooring arrays, multiple satellite data, and data-assimilative HYCOM products. Based on altimeter sea surface heights between 1992 2014, a total 19 prominent KLC eddy shedding (KLCES) events were identified, among which four confirmed by concurrent moored observations. Compared to leaping behavior Kuroshio, KLCES is relatively short-duration phenomenon that primarily...
Abstract Deep water circulation in the Luzon Strait, which connects Pacific deep with South China Sea throughflow, is investigated using a set of oceanographic observations combined results from three numerical experiments. Both situ and model show overflow Strait. Their suggest that first flows into Strait through Bashi Channel (1.2 Sv, 1 Sv = × 10 6 m 3 s −1 ) Taltung Canyon (0.4 Sv), then turns southward along Trough, finally enters primarily two gaps Heng‐Chun Ridge. Overall, mean...
Abstract A three-dimensional distribution of turbulent mixing in the South China Sea (SCS) is obtained for first time, using Gregg–Henyey–Polzin parameterization and hydrographic observations from 2005 to 2012. Results indicate that generally increases with depth SCS, reaching order 10 −2 m 2 s −1 at depth. In horizontal direction, turbulence more active northern SCS than south east west. Two “hotspots” are identified bottom water Luzon Strait Zhongsha Island Chain area, where diapycnal...
Oceanic mesoscale eddies with typical sizes of 30-200 km contain more than half the kinetic energy ocean. With an average lifespan several months, they are major contributors to transport heat, nutrients, plankton, dissolved oxygen and carbon in Mesoscale have been observed studied over past 50 years, nonetheless our understanding details their structure remains incomplete due lack systematic high-resolution measurements. To bridge this gap, a survey anticyclone was conducted early 2014...
Abstract Tropical Cyclones (TCs) are devastating natural disasters. Analyzing four decades of global TC data, here we find that among all TC-active basins, the South China Sea (SCS) stands out as particularly difficult ocean for TCs to intensify, despite favorable atmosphere and conditions. Over SCS, intensification rate its probability a rapid (intensification by ≥ 15.4 m s −1 day ) only 1/2 1/3, respectively, those rest world ocean. Originating from complex interplays between astronomic...
Abstract Tropical cyclones (TCs) frequently encounter and interact with mesoscale eddies when moving over the ocean, affecting both of their subsequent evolutions. The South China Sea (SCS) suffers most frequent TCs among global oceans contains active eddies. On average, one TC encounters interacts at least eddy during its lifespan in SCS. Using 27‐year satellite data numerical simulations, we examined response feedback to SCS, based on TCs' interaction 183 cyclonic ocean (COEs) 152...
Abstract One year long, full‐depth velocity measurements were used to examine the spatial structure and temporal variability of zonal flow in Luzon Strait (LSZF). The observation revealed a renewed mean structure: upper (<500 m) deep (>2000 layers, LSZF was mostly westward; intermediate layer (500–2000 m), it dominated by an eastward south but westward north. volume transport across observed section between 19.8°N 21.2°N exhibited strong seasonal intraseasonal variability. On time...
Abstract The Luzon Strait, with its deepest sills at the Bashi Channel and Trough, is only deep connection between Pacific Ocean South China Sea (SCS). To investigate deep-water overflow through 3.5 yr of continuous mooring observations have been conducted in Trough. For first time these enable us to assess detailed variability from SCS. On average, along-stream velocity maximum about 120 m above ocean bottom, reaching 19.9 ± 6.5 23.0 11.8 cm s−1 central respectively. measurements can be...
Abstract Direct microstructure observations across three warm mesoscale eddies were conducted in the northern South China Sea during field experiments July 2007, December 2013, and January 2014, respectively, along with finestructure measurements. An important finding was that turbulent mixing mixed layer considerably elevated periphery of each these eddies, a level 5–7 times higher than eddy center. To explore mechanism behind high level, this study carried out analyses horizontal...
Abstract Although both geostrophic‐balanced mesoscale eddies and unbalanced small‐scale processes have been well studied in the northeastern South China Sea (NE‐SCS), less attention has devoted to submesoscales between (i.e., O (1–10 km)), which is recognized as an important conduit connecting balanced motions. Based on output from a 1/30° OGCM simulation, spatiotemporal characteristics generation mechanisms of NE‐SCS are investigated this study. Through examining submesoscale relative...
Abstract The role of mesoscale eddies in modulating the semidiurnal internal tide (SIT) northern South China Sea (SCS) is examined using data from a cross-shaped mooring array. From November 2013 to January 2014, an anticyclonic eddy (AE) and cyclonic (CE) pair crossed westward SIT beam originating Luzon Strait. Observations showed that, because current stratification modulations by pair, propagation speed mode-1 sped up (slowed down) 0.7 m s −1 (0.4 ) within AE’s (CE’s) southern portion. As...
Abstract Although observational efforts have been made to detect submesoscale currents (submesoscales) in regions with deep mixed layers and/or strong mesoscale kinetic energy (KE), there no long-term observations subtropical gyres, which are characterized by moderate values of both layer depths and KE. To explore dynamics this oceanic regime, two nested mesoscale- submesoscale-resolving mooring arrays were deployed the northwestern Pacific countercurrent region during 2017–19. Based on 2...
In the early morning of 21 April 2021 local time, Indonesian Navy submarine KRI nanggala-402 crashed in Bali Sea (BS). As internal solitary waves (ISWs) are a great threat to navigation, this paper analyzes characteristics ISWs BS by surveying satellite remote sensing images collected from 12–21 2021. The revealed active near wreck site with crest lengths approaching 200 km. Originating Lombok Strait (LS), travelled northwestward across deep basin, passed through site, and shoaled onto...
Abstract Cold and dense water from the North Pacific Ocean that spills through Luzon Strait, only deep conduit between South China Sea (SCS) Ocean, renews deep-water mass, modulates hydrographic biogeochemical cycles, drives abyssal overturning circulations in SCS. The variability of this key oceanic process, however, has been poorly studied, mainly due to a lack sustained observations. A comprehensive observational program started 2009 provided 12 years continuous time series velocity...
Abstract The Surface Water and Ocean Topography (SWOT) mission provides a good opportunity to study fine‐scale processes in the global ocean but whether it can detect balanced submesoscale eddies is uncertain due “contamination” by unbalanced inertial gravity waves. Here, based on concurrent observations from SWOT mooring array northwestern Pacific, we successfully captured two cyclonic with negative sea level anomalies (SLAs) spring 2023. We find that SLA amplitude equivalent radius of...