Background Evidence indicates that hospital nursing characteristics such as staffing contribute to patient outcomes. Less attention has been given other central optimal professional practice, namely nurse education and skill mix, continuity of care, quality the work environment. Objective To assess relative effects importance environment in predicting 30-day mortality after adjusting for institutional factors individual patients characteristics. Method A cross-sectional analysis outcome data...

<h3>Background</h3> The prevalence of obesity has increased over the past 3&nbsp;decades, with a disproportionate growth in excessive weight categories (body mass index [BMI] 35.0–39.9 and BMI ≥ 40.0). objective this paper is to present data for current adult Canada, together future estimates. <h3>Methods</h3> We calculated BMIs adults aged 18 years older who were not long-term care using from Canadian health surveys administered between 1985 2011. Calculation was based on self-reported...

Background: Despite three decades of empirical investigation into research utilization and a renewed emphasis on evidence-based medicine practice in the past decade, understanding factors influencing uptake nursing remains limited. There is, however, increased awareness that organizational influences are important. Objectives: To develop test theoretical model predict by nurses to assess influence varying degrees context, based Promoting Action Research Implementation Health Services...

No empirical literature was found that explained how organizational context (operationalized as a composite of leadership, culture, and evaluation) influences research utilization. Similarly, no work on the interaction individuals contextual factors, or relative importance contribution forces at different levels to either such proposed interactions or, ultimately, utilization.To determine independent factors predict utilization among nurses, taking into account individual nurse, specialty,...

Background. Asthma is a common childhood illness. The objective of this study to determine the incidence physician-diagnosed asthma in preschool years and its relationship host, prenatal postnatal factors, early parental household factors demographic factors. Methods. sample was comprised 8,499 infants toddlers (<2 at baseline) enrolled Canadian Early Childhood Development Study. Incidence determined when children were age (2 5 years). Results. 4-year cumulative 13.7% for asthma. History...

Background: Medical inpatients are at risk for suboptimal health outcomes from adverse drug events and under-use of evidence-based therapies. We sought to determine whether collaborative care including a team-based clinical pharmacist improves the quality prescribed therapy reduces hospital readmission. Methods: Multicenter, quasi-randomized, controlled trial. Consecutive patients admitted 2 internal family medicine teams in 3 teaching hospitals between January 30, 2006 February 2, 2007 were...

Nursing work environment characteristics, in particular nurse and physician staffing, have been linked to patient outcomes (adverse events mortality). Researchers stressed the need for nursing leadership advance change healthcare organizations create safer practice environments patients. The relationship between styles of hospitals has not well examined.The purpose this study was examine contribution hospital 30-day mortality after controlling demographics, comorbidities, factors.Ninety...

BACKGROUND: The prevalence of cannabis use in HIV‐infected individuals is high and its long‐term effects are unclear. METHODS: prevalence, perceived benefits consequences, predictors were studied using a cross‐sectional survey two immunodeficiency clinics Maritime Canada. RESULTS: Current was identified 38.5% (87 226) participants. Almost all users (85 87 [97.7%]) acknowledged for recreational purposes, with 21.8% (19 87) reporting medicinal use. majority patients enrolled the present study...

Background: Theoretical models are needed to guide strategies for the implementation of research into clinical practice. To develop and test such models, including analyses complex theoretical constructs causal relationships, rich datasets needed. Working with existing may mean that important variables lacking. Objective: The aim this study was derive a nursing utilization variable validate it using Promoting Action on Research Implementation in Health Services (PARIHS) conceptual framework...

There are few validated measures of organizational context and none that we located parsimonious address modifiable characteristics context. The Alberta Context Tool (ACT) was developed to meet this need. instrument assesses 8 dimensions context, which comprise 10 concepts. purpose paper is report evidence further the validity argument for ACT. specific objectives to: (1) examine extent ACT concepts discriminate between patient care units (2) identify variables significantly contribute...

Purpose: Infant feeding differences are strongly tied to socioeconomic status. The goal of this study is compare determinants early breastfeeding cessation incidence in socioeconomically marginalized (SEM) and privileged (SEP) populations, focusing on birthing parents who intended breastfeed. Methods: This cohort includes data from 451 the Canadian province Newfoundland Labrador reported intention breastfeed baseline prenatal survey. Multivariate logistic regression techniques were used...

Background and objective: This study examined prenatal, perinatal early childhood predictors of wheezing phenotypes in the first decade life. Methods: Information on current wheezing, was collected prospectively from five surveys conducted every 2 years over Five were defined: non‐wheezers, preschool, primary‐school, intermittent persistent wheezers. Logistic regression with adjustment for survey design used to determine phenotypes. Results: Data 2711 children analysis. Early respiratory...

Estabrooks, Carole A.; Midodzi, William K.; Cummings, Greta G.; Ricker, Kathryn L.; Giovannetti, Phyllis

The ideal bowel cleansing regimen for colonoscopy has yet to be determined.To compare the efficacy, and patient tolerability safety of four preparation regimens.A total 834 patients undergoing outpatient were randomly assigned one regimens: 4 L polyethylene glycol (PEG); 2 PEG + 20 mg bisacodyl; 90 mL sodium phosphate (NaP); or two sachets a commercially available solution (PSMC) 300 magnesium citrate (M). primary outcome measure was which scored by blinded endoscopists using Ottawa Bowel...

Maternal attitudes to infant feeding are predictive of intent and initiation breastfeeding.The Iowa Infant Feeding Attitude Scale (IIFAS) has not been validated in the Canadian population. This study was conducted Newfoundland Labrador, a province with low breastfeeding rates. Objectives were assess reliability validity IIFAS expectant mothers; compare urban rural areas; examine whether associated breastfeed.The assessment tool administered 793 pregnant women. Differences total scores...

Objectives To compare population-based incidence rates of new-onset depression or self-harm in patients initiating incretin-based therapies with that sulfonylureas (SU) and other glucose-lowering agents. Design Population-based cohort study. Setting Patients attending primary care practices registered the UK-based Clinical Practice Research Datalink (CPRD). Participants Using CPRD, we identified two cohorts: (1) dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor (DPP-4i)-cohort, consisting new users DPP-4i SU...

BACKGROUND. Upper respiratory tract infections are the most common childhood illness. Panax quinquefolius (American ginseng root extract) standardized to contain 80% poly-furanosyl-pyranosyl-saccharides is purported be effective in adult upper infection but has not been evaluated yet a pediatric population. OBJECTIVES. Our primary objective was document safety and tolerability of 2 weight-based dosing schedules (standard dose versus low placebo) children. We also used Canadian Acute...

Living in a farm environment has been reported to be associated with lower prevalence of asthma, based on the results cross-sectional studies. The objective this longitudinal study was determine whether living is incidence asthma among children.A total 13 524 asthma-free children aged 0-11 years were drawn from Cycle 1 (1994/1995) Canadian National Longitudinal Survey Children and Youth (NLSCY). Subjects categorized as dwelling rural farming, non-farming non-rural environments. Incidence...

Mixed evidence exists for the effect of incretin-based therapies on osteoporosis in type-2 diabetes. Therefore, we conducted a cohort study to determine association between dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitors and common osteoporotic "fragility fractures" (upper extremity, hip, spine).The UK-based Clinical Practice Research Datalink was used identify adults without prior fractures receiving new anti-diabetic drug or diabetes diagnosis 2007 2016. The primary aim compare new-users DPP-4...

Abstract Objectives: This study tested whether mothers with maternal hypothyroidism have increased odds of CHD in their offspring, and examined the relationship between CHD, thyroid function, nausea vomiting pregnancy. Background: Maternal increases risk for foetal demise prematurity can a negative impact on neurodevelopment. Prior studies postulated Methods: A cross-sectional case–control was conducted over 17-month period to obtain history status Paediatric echocardiograms were evaluated...

Background and Aim . Obesity is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease may be more severe coronary artery (CAD); however, the relationship between body mass index [BMI (kg/m 2 )] CAD severity uncertain debatable. The aim this study was to examine BMI angiographic CAD. Methods Duke Jeopardy Score (DJS), a prognostic tool predictive 1-year mortality in CAD, assigned data patients ≥18 years age (<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"...