Glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1), an incretin hormone that reduces food intake, was recently established as a novel regulator of alcohol-mediated behaviors. Clinically available analogues pass freely into the brain, but mechanisms underlying GLP-1-modulated alcohol reward remains largely unclear. GLP-1 receptors (GLP-1R) are expressed throughout nuclei importance for acute and chronic effects alcohol, such laterodorsal tegmental area (LDTg), ventral (VTA) nucleus accumbens (NAc). We therefore...

Given the limited efficacy of available pharmacotherapies for treatment alcohol use disorder (AUD), need new medications is substantial. Preclinical studies have shown that acute administration glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor (GLP-1R) agonists inhibits various ethanol-related behaviours, indicating this system as a potential target AUD. However, effects long-term systemic GLP-1R on ethanol intake in male and female rodents are to date unknown. Therefore, we investigated 9 or 5 weeks once...

Abstract Alcohol expresses its reinforcing properties by activating areas of the mesolimbic dopamine system, which consists dopaminergic neurons projecting from ventral tegmental area to nucleus accumbens. The findings that reward induced food and addictive drugs involve common mechanisms raise possibility gut–brain hormones, control appetite, such as amylin, could be involved in regulation. Amylin decreases intake, despite implication regulation natural rewards, tenuous evidence support...

Ghrelin has been attributed various physiological processes including food intake and reward regulation, through activation of the mesolimbic dopamine system. Reward modulation involves system, consisting ventral tegmental area (VTA) neurons targeting nucleus accumbens (NAc), a system that ghrelin activates VTA-dependent mechanisms. In first study, we found systemic intraperitoneal (ip) administration rimonabant attenuated intracerebroventricular (icv) ghrelin's ability to cause locomotor...

Alcohol causes stimulatory behavioral responses by activating reward-processing brain areas including the laterodorsal (LDTg) and ventral tegmental (VTA) nucleus accumbens (NAc). Systemic administration of amylin calcitonin receptor agonist salmon (sCT) attenuates alcohol-mediated behaviors, but sites involved in this process remain unknown. Firstly, to identify potential sCT action brain, we used immunohistochemistry after systemic fluorescent-labeled sCT. We then performed experiments...

Recent findings have identified salmon calcitonin (sCT), an amylin receptor agonist and analogue of endogenous amylin, as a potential regulator alcohol-induced activation the mesolimbic dopamine system alcohol consumption. Providing that role signalling in alcohol-related behaviours remains unknown, present experiments investigate effect sCT on these mechanisms involved. We showed repeated administration decreased food intake outbred rats. Moreover, single potent antagonist, AC187, increased...

Abstract Albeit neuromedin U (NMU) attenuates alcohol‐mediated behaviours, its mechanisms of action are poorly defined. Providing that the behavioural effects alcohol processed within nucleus accumbens (NAc) shell, anterior ventral tegmental area (aVTA), and laterodorsal (LDTg), we assessed involvement NMU signalling in aforementioned areas on behaviours rodents. We further examined expression receptor 2 ( NMUR2 ) NAc dorsal striatum high compared with low alcohol‐consuming rats, as this is...

Abstract Alcohol use disorder is a complex neuropsychiatric affecting both males and females worldwide; however, the efficacy of current pharmacotherapies varies. Recent advances show that gut‐brain peptides, like amylin, regulate alcohol behavioural responses by acting on brain areas involved in reward processes. Thus, activation amylin receptors (AMYRs) salmon calcitonin (sCT) decreases behaviours male rodents. Given sCT also activates sole receptor (CTR), studies more selective AMYR...

Besides food intake reduction, activation of the amylin pathway by salmon calcitonin (sCT), an and receptor agonist, inhibits alcohol-mediated behaviors in rodents. This involves brain areas processing reward, i.e. laterodorsal (LDTg), ventral tegmental area (VTA) nucleus accumbens (NAc). However, effects stimulation on caused cocaine involved these processes have not yet been investigated. We therefore explored male mice, systemic administration sCT cocaine-induced locomotor stimulation,...

Abstract Rationale Amylin receptors consist of the calcitonin receptor (CTR) and one three activity-modifying proteins (RAMPs). The identification amylin in areas processing reward, namely laterodorsal tegmental area (LDTg), ventral (VTA), nucleus accumbens (NAc), has attributed them a role as reward regulators. Indeed, acute activation by agonist salmon (sCT) attenuates alcohol-induced behaviours rodents. Objectives effects long-term administration sCT on alcohol-related molecular...

The behavioural responses to nicotine involve appetite-regulatory hormones; however, the effects of anorexigenic hormone amylin on reward-related behaviours induced by remain be established. Previous studies have shown that amylinergic pathway regulates alcohol, amphetamine and cocaine. Here, we evaluated salmon calcitonin (sCT), an receptor (CTR) agonist, nicotine-induced locomotor stimulation sensitisation as well dopamine release in nucleus accumbens (NAc) shell. Moreover, investigated...

Emerging evidence suggest that appetite-regulating peptides modulate social behaviors. We here investigate whether the anorexigenic peptide neuromedin U (NMU) modulates sexual behavior in male mice. However, instead of modulating behaviors, NMU administered into third ventricle increased self-grooming behavior. In addition, NMU-treatment when exposed to other mice or olfactory social-cues, but not non-social environments. As neuropeptide oxytocin is released during investigation and...