Abstract COVID-19 vaccines play a critical role in protecting against infection and transmission of the virus. Therefore, understanding public perceptions is essential for successful vaccine promotion. Previous literature reported strong associations between vaccination decisions several sociodemographic variables. However, knowledge about how behavioral factors, including risk preferences, impact individuals’ attitudes towards receiving currently lacking. Using data from nationally...

Abstract India and China have the largest farm‐household populations in world—populations that are also among poorest. Among many factors affect farm livelihoods, access to credit has been identified as a significant barrier preventing escape from poverty. While there research on constraints developing countries, is surprisingly little information pertaining actual impacts of household well‐being. The objective this paper investigate various affecting households, such physical human capital...

This study analyzes the constraints affecting agricultural production in lagging regions of Bangladesh. These are productivity due to natural phenomena and past government policies. Ten regions, covering eight administrative divisions, were selected for analysis based on crop indicators, percentage population extreme poverty, agroecological zones. Data collected from 1257 farm holders using a structured questionnaire. Respondents mostly older, illiterate males with low levels education....

Abstract A general theory of cross‐subsidization due to inframarginal support is developed. Two sources output distortion are identified: exit deterrence and extramarginal . Some firms would not be in business without the subsidy. Cost savings declining average costs always greater than losses incurred where price equals marginal cost. Moreover, it theoretically possible for subsidies expand more equivalent fully coupled subsidies. Empirical analysis U.S. dairy isolates these components...

Purpose US decoupled direct payments, paid to farm operators based on historic yields and base acreage under the 2002 Farm Bill, may alter a farmer's access credit or his ability meet debt servicing obligations. More specifically, payments might improve liquidity position repayment capacity enabling farmer obtain more favorable terms. In turn, terms allow remain in business expand production, leading current production distortions. Since are beginning farmers tend receive lower levels of...

ABSTRACT The U.S. is the largest importer of vanilla beans. Currently, there no large‐scale domestic commercial production However, Florida's tropical climate suitable for production, and researchers are exploring viability a Florida‐based industry. To understand consumer preferences valuations with different flavor sources, we administered blind sensory panel. Participants sampled four flavorings, including extract made from beans grown in Florida, commercially available Papua New Guinea,...

Purpose While the average cost of debt capital can be calculated from historical financial statement data by dividing interest paid each year total level debt, this provides little information regarding true acquiring additional capital, and hence, its use is potentially problematic in decision-making. This study focuses on linkage between observed changes rates statements (balance sheet income statement) marginal borrowing or new debt. Motivated asset pricing model (CAPM), modeled as a...

Purpose This paper aims to clarify the relationship between wealth and trustworthiness with goal of understanding why micro‐lending institutions grant loans poor individuals countering well‐known models credit markets rationing, such as those proposed by Stiglitz Weiss. Micro‐credit appear be based on two conjectures: are trustworthy, their willingness pay for is relatively high. Design/methodology/approach The simulates trust‐based lending in an experimental setting determine whether...

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate how decoupled direct payments, paid farm operators based on historical yields and base acreage, may lead production distortions by altering a farmer's access credit or enabling the farmer receive more favorable terms. authors estimate impact payments under 2002 Farm Bill terms operators, specifically interest rate short‐term operating loans. If are able obtain reduce their cost, then offers an additional mechanism through which distort...

Abstract Many agricultural support payments are based on past production with restrictions how land may currently be used. When to field crops analyzed in a static framework, they do not directly impact current decisions. However, over time, as relative profits change, these affect output. The keep less profitable of program through prohibiting potentially more endeavors such cultivating fruits and vegetables. These have the potential lead trade distortions similar magnitude associated...

Purpose – In recent years, prices for prime farmland have increased substantially, begging the question is dramatic increase result of a speculative bubble or consistent with market fundamentals increases driven by global demand, low interest rates, and changes to US agricultural energy policies. The purpose this paper investigate impacts support policies ethanol on values rental rates. Design/methodology/approach Farm-level Agricultural Resource Management Survey data collected United...

Community Supported Agriculture (CSA) contracts allow consumers to buy claims on a farm's future production. In turn, the consumer provides working capital farm during growing season. CSA also provide risk management for farmers with limited access Federal crop insurance by transferring part of consumer. We derive theory contract pricing two most prevalent types contracts: yield contracts, in which receive percentage production, and weight fixed quantities. develop two‐period model expected...

In the midst of a global pandemic, prevention methods stand as crucial first step toward addressing public health crisis and controlling spread virus. However, slowing virus hinges on public’s willingness to follow combination mitigation practices avoid contracting transmitting disease. this study, we investigate factors related individuals’ risk perceptions associated with COVID-19 well their general self-assessed preferences. We also provide insights regarding role preferences behavior by...

We analyze the impacts of agricultural subsidies on farm-level production decisions and input use under price, yield, policy uncertainty for a risk-averse farmer. Using U.S. data weighted ordinary least squares, we find that decoupled payments had little impact chemical expenditures (our proxy use) when were first introduced in 1996. However, after 2004 there is positive, significant relationship between expenditures. The results suggest updating, 2002, expectations future updating caused to...

Purpose – Community supported agriculture (CSA) programs allow consumers to buy a share of farm’s production while providing working capital and risk management benefits for farmers. Several different types CSA arrangements have emerged in the market with terms varying degree which risk. No-arbitrage principles futures options pricing suggest that shares should be priced reflect transfer. The paper aims discuss these issues. Design/methodology/approach authors evaluate three most common...

New National School Lunch Program (NSLP) guidelines aim to reduce sodium and saturated fats, limit calories, eliminate trans‐fat whole milk. This paper provides a novel approach understanding how the healthfulness of NSLP participants’ entrée selections varies across socioeconomic demographic groups. Unlike previous studies that rely on dietary recalls, we use mixed logit model examine students’ choices in school cafeteria. We estimate likelihood an is selected from available lunch as...

The proliferation of dollar stores across the U.S. beginning in early 2000s has prompted dozens communities to implement policies restricting their expansion. We examine one key motivations for these restrictions: whether entry results reduced food access, measured by proximity at least conventional supermarket, while exploring how impacts vary with community characteristics. find meaningful effects on access urban block groups a single grocery store baseline, representing 22% receiving from...

Despite improvements in food access and affordability around the world, low‐quality diets persist. Public policy affecting choice may have a role to play alongside efforts improve healthy foods. This study uniquely explores potential for dietary interventions encourage among adults developing country. We evaluate two using randomized control trial Bangladesh: behavioral change communication workshop that emphasized national guidelines “nudge” form of plate printed with nutrition...

The persistence of malnutrition resulting from micronutrient deficiencies in developing countries has led to a recent movement for better linkages between agriculture extension and nutrition education development work. Few empirical studies have examined this link, previous the agricultural literature primarily focused on link farm diversity, productivity profitability. Smallholder farmers are often faced with decision consume or sell products. These joint production consumption decisions...

India and China have the largest farm-household populations in world many areas also poorest. Among factors that affect farm livelihoods access to credit has been identified as a significant barrier. While there literature on constraints developing countries is surprisingly little information actual impacts of household well-being. The objective this paper investigate impact various livelihood choices such as, physical human capital formation, agricultural inputs application, consumption...