We show that the observed time-reversal symmetry breaking (TRSB) of superconducting state in $\mathrm{Sr}_{2}\mathrm{Ru}\mathrm{O}_{4}$ can be understood as originating from inhomogeneous strain fields near edge dislocations crystal. Specifically, we argue that, without inhomogeneities, is a single-component, symmetric superconductor, likely with $d_{x^{2}-y^{2}}$ symmetry. However, due to strong inhomogeneities generated by dislocations, slowly-decaying sub-leading pairing contributes...

Understanding the organizing principles of interacting electrons and emergence novel electronic phases is a central endeavor condensed matter physics. Electronic nematicity, in which discrete rotational symmetry electron fluid broken while translational one remains unaffected, prominent example such phase. It has proven ubiquitous correlated systems, prime importance to understand Fe-based superconductors. Here, we find that fluctuations are exceptionally strong over an extended temperature...

Spontaneous rotational-symmetry breaking in the superconducting state of doped $\mathrm{Bi}_2\mathrm{Se}_3$ has attracted significant attention as an indicator for topological superconductivity. In this paper, high-resolution calorimetry single-crystal $\mathrm{Sr}_{0.1}\mathrm{Bi}_2\mathrm{Se}_3$ provides unequivocal evidence a two-fold rotational symmetry gap by \emph{bulk thermodynamic} probe, fingerprint nematic The extremely small specific heat anomaly resolved with our high-sensitivity...

Type-II superconductors owe their magnetic and transport properties to vortex pinning, the immobilization of flux quanta through material inhomogeneities or defects. Characterizing potential energy landscape for vortices, pinning (or short, pinscape), is great technological importance. Aside from measurement critical current density ${j}_{c}$ creep rates $S$, $\text{ac}$ response provides valuable information on pinscape which different that obtained with Campbell penetration depth...

Electronically ordered states that break multiple symmetries can melt in stages, similarly to liquid crystals. In a partially melted phase, known as vestigial bilinear made out of combinations the components primary order parameter condenses. Multicomponent superconductors are thus natural candidates for since they both $\text{U}(1)$-gauge and also time-reversal or lattice symmetries. Here, we use group theory classify all possible real-valued complex-valued bilinears generic two-component...

Data-driven methods, in particular machine learning, can help to speed up the discovery of new materials by finding hidden patterns existing data and using them identify promising candidate materials. In case superconductors, use science tools is date slowed down a lack accessible data. this work, we present publicly available superconductivity dataset ('3DSC'), featuring critical temperature T

The iron-based superconductor $\mathrm{Rb}\mathrm{Eu}{\mathrm{Fe}}_{4}{\mathrm{As}}_{4}$ undergoes a magnetic phase transition deep in the superconducting state. We investigate calorimetric response of single crystals and its anisotropy to in-plane out-of-plane fields. Whereas unusual cusplike anomaly associated with is suppressed lower temperatures for fields along crystallographic $c$ axis, it rapidly transforms broad shoulder shifting higher identify cusp specific-heat data as...

The current-carrying capacity of type-II superconductors is decisively determined by how well material defect structures can immobilize vortex lines. In order to gain deeper insights into the fundamental pinning mechanisms, we have explored case trapping randomly distributed spherical inclusions using large-scale simulations time-dependent Ginzburg–Landau equations. We find that for a small density particles having diameters two coherence lengths, lattice preserves its structure and critical...

Measuring the ac magnetic response of a type II superconductor provides valuable information on pinning landscape (pinscape) material. We use strong theory to derive microscopic expression for Campbell length λ(C), penetration depth signal. show that λ(C) is determined by jump in force, contrast critical current j(c), which involves energy. demonstrate lengths generically differ zero-field-cooled and field-cooled samples predict hysteretic behavior can appear latter situation. compare our...

The penetration of an $ac$ magnetic signal into a type II superconductor residing in the Shubnikov phase depends on pinning properties Abrikosov vortices. Within phenomenological theory, so-called Campbell depth $\lambda_{\rm \scriptscriptstyle C}$ is determined by curvature $\alpha$ at bottom effective potential. Preparing sample Bean critical state, this vanishes and length formally diverges. We make use microscopic expression for force density derived within strong theory show how flux...

Thermal fluctuations always melt the vortex lattice in type-II superconductors at temperatures below mean-field transition. The extent of intermediate vortex-liquid state varies widely among different materials. Exploring vortex-lattice melting magnetic iron arsenide RbEuFe${}_{4}$As${}_{4}$ via calorimetry and transport, authors demonstrate here that liquid occupies a significant portion phase diagram location line agrees with theoretical predictions without fitting parameters. Comparison...

This work studies the influence of simultaneous strong thermal fluctuations and Pauli depairing on phase diagram type II superconductors, using high-resolution thermodynamic probes in nematic superconductor, FeSe

Recent theoretical studies [G. Chen et al., Phys. Rev. B 82, 174440 (2010); H. Ishizuka 90, 184422 (2014)] for the magnetic Mott insulator ${\mathrm{Ba}}_{2}\mathrm{Na}\mathrm{Os}{\mathrm{O}}_{6}$ have proposed a low-temperature order parameter that breaks lattice rotational symmetry without breaking time reversal symmetry, leading to nematic phase just above ordering temperature. We present high-resolution calorimetric and magnetization data of same single crystal show evidence weakly...

Abstract We present an extensive study of vortex dynamics in a high-quality single crystal HgBa 2 CuO 4+ δ , highly anisotropic superconductor that is model system for studying the effects anisotropy. From magnetization M measurements over wide range temperatures T and fields H we construct detailed phase diagram. find temperature-dependent penetration field p ( ), second peak smp irreversibility irr ) all decay exponentially at low exhibit abrupt change behavior high / c >~ 0.5. By...

Superconductors can support large dissipation-free electrical currents only if vortex lines are effectively immobilized by material defects. Macroscopic critical depend on elemental interactions of vortices with individual pinning centers. Pinning mechanisms nontrivial for large-size defects such as self-assembled nanoparticles. We investigate the problem a system interacting an isolated defect using time-dependent Ginzburg-Landau simulations. In particular, we study instability-limited...

Abstract We investigate the field, angle and temperature dependence of full-width critical current, I c , pulsed laser deposition-grown GdBa 2 Cu 3 O 7 coated conductors with without additional 6 mol% BaSnO (BSO) nanoparticles fabricated by SuperOx. The transport characteristics measured from to 77 K in applied magnetic fields up T are complemented scanning transmission electron microscopy. This combined approach allows for further insight into vortex pinning mechanism helps understanding...

We present a study of the upper critical field ${H}_{c2}$ pristine and proton-irradiated ${\mathrm{RbEuFe}}_{4}{\mathrm{As}}_{4}$ crystals in pulsed magnetic fields up to 65 T. The data for reveal pronounced downwards curvature, particularly in-plane orientation, superconducting anisotropy that decreases with decreasing temperature. These features are indicative Pauli paramagnetic limiting. For interpretation these data, we use model clean single-band superconductor an open Fermi surface...

Pinning and thermal creep determine the response of numerous systems containing superstructures, e.g., vortices in type II superconductors, domain walls ferroics, or dislocations metals. The combination drive fluctuations leads to superstructure's depinning, its velocity $v$ determines electric, magnetic, mechanical response. It is commonly believed that pinning collapse above critical ${F}_{c}$, entailing a sharp rise $v$. We challenge this perception by studying effects within framework...

We study thermal effects on pinning and creep in type-II superconductors where vortices interact with a low density ${n}_{p}$ of strong pointlike defects energy ${e}_{p}$ extension $\ensuremath{\xi}$, the vortex core size. Defects are classified as if interaction between single pin an individual leads to appearance bistable solutions describing pinned free configurations. Extending theory account for fluctuations, we provide quantitative analysis depinning creep. determine thermally...

We study the magnetic response of a superconducting double strip, i.e., two parallel coplanar thin strips width $2w$, thickness $d\ensuremath{\ll}w$, and infinite length, separated by gap $2s$ subject to perpendicular field $H$. The properties this system are governed presence geometric energy barrier for vortex penetration which we investigate as function applied $H$ parameter $s$. new results deal with case narrow $s\ensuremath{\ll}w$, where from inner edges is facilitated large flux...

Near the accidental degeneracy of two symmetry-distinct orders, i.e., where both transition temperatures almost coincide, phase interactions significantly reshape ordering behavior. Strong attraction between parent phases are known to induce a joint first-order transition. For weak interactions, I report second-order primary preceded by fluctuation-driven state matter. Due symmetry mixing, this antecedent bound-state order exhibits unique signatures, incompatible with either phase. Within...

Abstract The engineering of non-trivial topology in superconducting heterostructures is a very challenging task. Reducing the number components system would facilitate creation long-sought Majorana bound states. Here, we explore route toward emergent trivial superconductor without need for other proximitized materials. Specifically, show that vortex hosting an even flux quanta capable forming quasi-one-dimensional topological sub-system can be mapped to Kitaev wire, if trapped at screw...

Superconductors are of type I or II depending on whether they form an Abrikosov vortex lattice. Although bulk lead (Pb) is classified as a prototypical type-I superconductor, we show that its two-band superconductivity allows for single-flux-quantum and multiple-flux-quanta vortices in the intermediate state at millikelvin temperature. Using scanning tunneling microscopy, winding number individual determined from real space wave function Caroli-de Gennes-Matricon bound states. This...

In type-II superconductors, the macroscopic response of vortex matter to an external perturbation depends on local interaction flux lines with pinning landscape (pinscape). The (Campbell) penetration depth $\lambda_{\mathrm{\scriptscriptstyle C}}$ $ac$ field is often associated a phenomenological curvature. However, this basic approach unable capture thermal hysteresis effects observed in variety superconductors. recently developed framework strong-pinning theory has established quantitative...

Disorder can have remarkably disparate consequences in superconductors, driving superconductor-insulator transitions ultrathin films by localizing electron pairs and boosting the supercurrent carrying capacity of thick vortices (magnetic flux lines). Though electronic 3D-to-2D crossover at material thicknesses $d \sim \xi$ (coherence length) is well studied, a similarly consequential magnetic L_c$ (pinning that should drastically alter properties remains largely underexamined. According to...