Recent studies have found that people interpret emoji characters inconsistently, creating significant potential for miscommunication. However, this research examined in isolation, without consideration of any surrounding text. Prior work has hypothesized examining their natural textual contexts would substantially reduce To investigate hypothesis, we carried out a controlled study with 2,482 participants who interpreted both isolation and multiple contexts. After comparing the variability...

The widespread popularity of Pokémon GO presents the first opportunity to observe geographic effects location-based gaming at scale. This paper reports results a mixed methods study geography that includes five-country field survey 375 players and large scale geostatistical analysis game elements. Focusing on key themes places movement, we find design reinforces existing geographically-linked biases (e.g. advantages urban areas neighborhoods with smaller minority populations), may have...

Mobile crowdsourcing markets (e.g., Gigwalk and TaskRabbit) offer crowdworkers tasks situated in the physical world checking street signs, running household errands). The geographic nature of these distinguishes from online raises new, fundamental questions. We carried out a controlled study Chicago metropolitan area aimed at addressing two key questions: (1) What factors influence whether crowdworker will be willing to do task? (2) how much compensation demand order Quantitative modeling...

Emoji are commonly used in modern text communication. However, as graphics with nuanced details, emoji may be open to interpretation. also render differently on different viewing platforms (e.g., Apple’s iPhone vs. Google’s Nexus phone), potentially leading communication errors. We explore whether renderings or differences across give rise diverse interpretations of emoji. Through an online survey, we solicit people’s a sample the most popular characters, each rendered for multiple...

Despite the geographically situated nature of most sharing economy tasks, little attention has been paid to role that geography plays in economy. In this article, we help address gap literature by examining how four key principles from human geography—distance decay, structured variation population density, mental maps, and “the Big Sort” (spatial homophily)—manifest platforms. We find these interact with platform design decisions create systemic biases which is significantly more effective...

Session identification is a common strategy used to develop metrics for web analytics and perform behavioral analyses of user-facing systems. Past work has argued that session strategies based on an inactivity threshold inherently arbitrary or advocated thresholds be set at about 30 minutes. In this work, we demonstrate strong regularity in the temporal rhythms user initiated events across several different domains online activity (incl. video gaming, search, page views volunteer...

Expert investigators bring advanced skills and deep experience to analyze visual evidence, but they face limits on their time attention. In contrast, crowds of novices can be highly scalable parallelizable, lack expertise. this paper, we introduce the concept shared representations for crowd--augmented expert work, focusing complex sensemaking task image geolocation performed by professional journalists human rights investigators. We built GroundTruth, an online system that uses three...

Social media platforms use permanent suspension as a measure of last resort to intervene with users who spread harmful or misleading content. However, does not signify the end user's online presence, but rather on that specific platform. This issue is particularly salient for influential large audiences, they have potential cause substantial shifts in overall social information landscape when suspended. Our work employs mixed methods approach study context around, and behavioral patterns...

CSCW and HCI scholars are increasingly adopting asset-based approaches to community-based social computing research. Emerging from community development (ABCD), an approach economic research practice that emerged in the 1990s, advocates for argue a "needs-based approach" is overly focused on deficits, doing so portrays communities largely negative light. Using ABCD methods, work aid identifying, classifying, deploying their unrealized assets through sociotechnical systems. But researchers...

The proliferation of OpenStreetMap (OSM) as a collaborative geographic dataset has been instrumental in addressing data gaps globally. However, disparities map coverage persist, particularly economically disadvantaged and disaster-prone regions. emergence the Humanitarian Team (HOT) 2010 aimed to bridge these by leveraging collective efforts volunteers through platforms like HOT Tasking Manager. While previous research highlighted success initiatives recruiting contributors expanding...

The evolution of contributor behavior in peer production communities over time has been a subject substantial interest the social computing community. In this paper, we extend literature to geographic domain, exploring contribution OpenStreetMap using spatiotemporal lens. doing so, observe version 'born, not made' phenomenon: throughout their lifespans, contributors are relatively consistent places and types that they edit. We show how these trends may help explain urban socioeconomic...

As the gig economy continues to grow and freelance work moves online, five-star reputation systems are becoming more common. At same time, there increasing accounts of race gender bias in evaluations workers, with negative impacts for those workers. We report on a series four Mechanical Turk-based studies which participants who rated simulated did not show race- or bias, while manipulation checks showed they reliably distinguished between low- high-quality work. Given prior research, this...

Microtasking, the decomposition of tasks into small units work, is prolific in human computation and crowdsourcing. Some peer production systems are beginning to leverage this same technique volunteer contribution-based settings. While early research suggests that focusing work way using microtasking may be fruitful, effects on contributor behavior settings, like OpenStreetMap, remain unclear. This paper takes advantage a natural experiment facilitated by Humanitarian OpenStreetMap's Tasking...

In addition to encyclopedia articles and software, peer production communities produce structured data, e.g., Wikidata OpenStreetMap's metadata. Structured data from has become increasingly important due its use by computational applications, such as CartoCSS, MapBox, Wikipedia infoboxes. However, this is usable applications only if it follows standards. We did an interview study focused on knowledge processes investigate how -- successfully community creates applies Our revealed a...

Volunteered Geographic Information (VGI), such as contributions to OpenStreetMap and geotagged Wikipedia articles, is often assumed be produced locally. However, recent work has found that peer-produced VGI frequently contributed by non-locals. We evaluate this approach across hundreds of content types from Wikipedia, OpenStreetMap, eBird, show these models can describe more than 90% "VGI flows" for some types. Our findings advance geographic HCI theory, suggesting spatial mechanisms...

Millions of people move for work yearly, but this labor migration risks social and cultural challenges, hindering migrants' integration into new communities. Software tools could support transition, the design space around, mechanisms behind, how individuals develop spatial understanding 'sense place' is unclear. In our study, we leverage mental maps to explore place'. We conduct a mixed- methods study with 12 participants, spanning two sessions - one before after their relocation, totaling...

CoCoRaHS is a multinational citizen science project for observing precipitation. Like many projects, volunteer retention key measure of engagement and data quality. Through survival analysis, we found that participant age (self-reported at account creation) significant predictor retention. Compared to all other groups, participants aged 60-70 are much more likely sign up CoCoRaHS, remain active several years. We also measured the influence task difficulty relative frequency rain, finding...

Wikipedia is the product of thousands editors working collaboratively to provide free and up-to-date encyclopedic information project's users. This article asks what degree articles in three languages - Hindi, Urdu, English achieve Wikipedia's mission making neutrally-presented, reliable on a polarizing, controversial topic available people around globe. We chose recent revocation Article 370 Constitution India, which, along with other events concerning region Jammu Kashmir, has drawn...

In recent years, social media companies have grappled with defining and enforcing content moderation policies surrounding political on their platforms, due in part to concerns about bias, disinformation, polarization. These taken many forms, including disallowing advertising, limiting the reach of topics, fact-checking claims, enabling users hide altogether. However, implementing these requires human judgement label content, it is unclear how well labelers perform at this task, or whether...

CSCW has a rich interdisciplinary and methodological history, our work focuses on designing building technologies for collaboration community as well evaluating critiquing these technologies. At the intersection of perspectives comes tension playing out in formal informal venues: is CSCW's role to fix improve existing technologies, or it start over build anew? In this panel, we address question with an eye towards enabling practicable critique within CSCW, help navigate that arises...

A substantial portion of political discourse today has shifted to social media platforms like Reddit. These have integrated reaction mechanisms, such as upvoting and downvoting, which are intended enable users quickly respond posts promote engagement. However, it is unclear how in online communities perceive the influence these mechanisms on community dynamics what strengths or weaknesses they about mechanism. Therefore, we conducted a qualitative interview study with five Reddit who...