Government intervention and structural transformation play an important role in both the economy carbon emissions. Based on provincial panel data from China 2003 to 2020, this paper employs econometric models investigate impact of government In particular, is divided into two indicators: The rationalization industrial structure upgrading structure. According research findings, has significantly promoted emissions had dual effects emissions; meanwhile, increased emissions, while slowed down...

A fair revenue-risk allocation is essential for successful public-private partnership (PPP) projects. In this paper, a swing option, which can hedge the underlying risk in two directions above and below expectations, introduced to model revenue contract PPP contract, minimum guarantee (MRG) excess sharing (ERS) are integrated. The public private partners that it covers balances MRG ERS. Moreover, embeds incentive flexibility by granting concessionaire rights. priced using least-squares Monte...

The digital economy, closely linked to agricultural progress, plays a key role in reducing carbon emissions. By utilizing panel data between 2011 and 2021 from 30 Chinese provincial-level regions, the present work empirically assesses direct impact nonlinear spatial spillover effects of economy on emissions, where methodologies including fixed effects, threshold models, econometrics are employed. results were as follows: (1) led remarkable inhibition which was consistent across various...

A sharper L2 -error estimate is obtained for the non-Fickian flow of fluid in porous media by means a mixed Ritz--Volterra projection instead Ritz used [R. E. Ewing, Y. Lin, and J. Wang, Acta Math. Univ. Comenian. ( N.S.), 70 (2001), pp. 75--84]. Moreover, local superconvergence velocity along Gauss lines pressure at points derived finite element method via projection, global also investigated virtue an interpolation postprocessing technique. On basis estimates, some useful posteriori error...

In this paper we study a class of Petrov--Galerkin solutions that have global optimal convergence rates for linear Volterra integro-differential equations. These also possess certain local and superconvergence. Asymptotic expansions the errors in these are established which can be used to form higher order approximations by Richardson extrapolation defect corrections. Several postprocessing techniques introduced enhance solutions. As by-products, numerical generate posteriori error...

We develop a superconvergent fitted finite volume method for degenerate nonlinear penalized Black–Scholes equation arising in the valuation of European and American options, based on fitting idea Wang [IMA J Numer Anal 24 (2004), 699–720]. Unlike conventional methods which dual mesh points are naively chosen to be midpoints subintervals primal mesh, we construct judiciously using an error representation flux interpolation so that both approximate solution have second‐order accuracy at...

The impact of environment on individuals is particularly critical. In evolutionary games, adopting the strategy neighbor who performs better nontrivial for survival and maintenance cooperation, in that such an action may help agents to obtain higher benefit more obvious advantages. Inspired by this idea, we investigate effect environment-based preference selection evolution cooperation spatial prisoner's dilemma. A simple rule, incorporating individual via adjustable parameter α explore how...

College students are at a high risk of being infected with COVID-19, and they one the key population clusters that should be vaccinated. The present study aimed to investigate knowledge, attitudes, practices (KAP) toward COVID-19 vaccination among Chinese college students, determine relationships social media use, eHealth literacy, KAP students.A cross-sectional survey was conducted by administering questionnaires evaluate vaccination, literacy in groups students. Multiple linear regression...

Water and water transfer are the keys of concrete durability problem; non-uniform moisture caused by micro–meso structure has a great effect on drying shrinkage crack, transfers inimical ions, etc. For problem, multi-scale diffusion coefficient model which can consider Knudsen was established verified based mechanism porous medium characteristics. The effects pore structure, interfacial transition zone, aggregate were studied model, characteristics differences in wetting analyzed via...

Despite proven clinical benefits, cardiac rehabilitation referral rates remained insufficient and low globally. Healthcare professionals' knowledge attitudes of may affect their behaviors, yet interrelationships are rarely studied in China. This study aims to examine the rate among Chinese healthcare professionals explore associations knowledge, attitude, practice (KAP) referral. From July August 2021, a cross-sectional was conducted 321 from 40 hospitals Hunan Province The participants...

American option problems under regime-switching model are considered in this paper. The conjectures [H. Yang, A numerical analysis of options with regime switching, J. Sci. Comput. 44 (2010), pp. 69–91] about the position early exercise prices proved, which generalize results [F. Yi, put volatility (finite time horizon) – Variational inequality approach, Math. Methods. Appl. 31 (2008), 1461–1477] by allowing interest rates to be different two states. front-fixing finite element method for...

The increased carbon emissions cause relatively climate deterioration and attract more attention of governments, consumers, enterprises to the low‐carbon manufacturing. This paper considers a dynamic supply chain, which is composed manufacturer retailer, in presence cap‐and‐trade regulation consumers’ reference emission effects. To investigate manufacturer’s behavior choice its impacts on reduction pricing strategies together with profits both channel members, we develop Stackelberg...