A laboratory experiment is used to examine the vertical mixing resulting from breaking of internal waves on a sloping boundary in continuously stratified fluid. Attention confined case critical when slope group velocity vector incident equal bottom slope. Along turbulent layer forms with thickness dependent wave amplitude. The efficiency, defined as ratio increase potential energy due loss kinetic by waves, upon stability flow and has an upper bound approximately 0.20. By examining fluid...

Journal Article A Fluid-Dynamical Study of Crystal Settling in Convecting Magmas Get access DANIEL MARTIN, MARTIN Research School Earth Sciences, Australian National UniversityG.P.O. Box 4, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar ROGER NOKES Petrology, Volume 30, Issue 6, December 1989, Pages 1471–1500, https://doi.org/10.1093/petrology/30.6.1471 Published: 01 1989 history Received: 14 March 1988 Revision received: 06

Analytical solutions are developed to predict the behavior of inclined negatively buoyant discharges and these compared with data from previous studies experiments described here, where light attenuation laser-induced fluorescence techniques employed study flows. Comparisons show that analytical provide reasonable predictions flow's path for initial discharge angles ranging 0 75° Froude numbers 14 99. The also maximum height outer edge jet accuracy, thus spread is well predicted. However,...

Mixed-layer deepening due to grid-generated turbulence is studied experimentally with the aim of explaining contradictory results previous studies. Entrainment rates are calculated at fixed distances from grid in order avoid necessity using an empirical expression for decay turbulent velocity scale. It shown that incorrect form this law can cause large errors predicted Richardson number dependence entrainment rate. For study be expressed as a power E = KRi −1,2 . The spread imply error least...

AbstractThe purpose of the present note is to contribute analysis bed-load transport processes within a Lagrangian framework. Experiments were performed tracking individual particles under different bed conditions (mobile and fixed beds) at transitional hydrodynamic regimes. A new image processing procedure was designed obtain coordinates each moving sediment intermediate range scales (corresponding particle trajectory between rests periods). Thorough attention has been paid provide...

Gravity currents formed by the release of heavy fluid from an enclosed lock on a sloping open channel were investigated experimentally. The experiments conducted in that had running length 13 depths, and could be inclined to maximum angle 17°. dyed salt solution with aspect ratio (height length) 0.5, was examined using video images determine front velocity, particle-tracking technique used measure two-dimensional velocity field vertical slice through centre evolving current. gravity current...

The propagation of full-depth lock-exchange bottom gravity currents past a submerged array circular cylinders is investigated using laboratory experiments and large eddy simulations. Firstly, to investigate the front velocity across whole range density $\unicode[STIX]{x1D719}$ (i.e. volume fraction solids), densified from flat bed ( $\unicode[STIX]{x1D719}=0$ ) towards solid slab $\unicode[STIX]{x1D719}=1$ under particular submergence ratio $H/h$ , where $H$ flow depth $h$ height....

The ability of propagules (fertilized eggs) five species fucoid algae ( Hormosira banksii , Durvillaea antarctica Cystophora torulosa from New Zealand, and Fucus gardneri Pelvetiopsis limitata Oregon, U.S.A.) to settle attach was tested in a turbulent, stirred tank. time taken reach steady state settlement numbers varied between turbulence intensities. Normalized steady‐state (NSS) showed differences among species. A model, based on principles invoked the analysis motion bed sediments...

The motion of graded gravels under steady and spatially uniform turbulent flow is investigated in laboratory conditions using particle tracking velocimetry (PTV). gravel bed subjected to flows approaching critical armor velocity, water worked until static reached. A digital (DPT) algorithm, based on image subtraction between subsequent frames, developed applied the scale as water-worked. dynamic evolution quantified continuously for up 8 h. Characteristics are identified, movement patterns...

Trajectory and centerline mean dilution data obtained from negatively buoyant jets, using a laser-induced fluorescence system, are presented at locations beyond the point which discharged fluid returns to its release height. Although this return has been focus of recent studies, site specific variations in source height boundary angle can result flow impacting that distinct reference point. The new for inclinations 30, 45, 60° above horizontal. Previously developed semianalytical solutions...