A5025748905- Ocean Waves and Remote Sensing
- Oceanographic and Atmospheric Processes
- Tropical and Extratropical Cyclones Research
- Coastal and Marine Dynamics
- Meteorological Phenomena and Simulations
- Underwater Acoustics Research
- Marine and coastal ecosystems
- Wind and Air Flow Studies
- Arctic and Antarctic ice dynamics
- Atmospheric and Environmental Gas Dynamics
- Climate variability and models
- Ocean Acidification Effects and Responses
- Flow Measurement and Analysis
- Wind Energy Research and Development
- Atmospheric chemistry and aerosols
- Geological and Geophysical Studies
- Fluid Dynamics and Vibration Analysis
- Infrared Target Detection Methodologies
- Radar Systems and Signal Processing
- Optical Systems and Laser Technology
- Cryospheric studies and observations
- Hydrocarbon exploration and reservoir analysis
- Seismic Waves and Analysis
- Fluid Dynamics and Heat Transfer
- Fluid Dynamics Simulations and Interactions
University of Miami
2011-2023
Finnish Meteorological Institute
2016
Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
2016
University of Leeds
2009
Plymouth Marine Laboratory
2009
American Meteorological Society
2009
NOAA Air Resources Laboratory
2007
University of Wyoming
2007
NOAA Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratories
2007
Division of Ocean Sciences
1999-2007
The dissipation of kinetic energy at the surface natural water bodies has important consequences for many Physical and biochemical processes including wave dynamics, gas transfer, mixing nutrients pollutants, photosynthetic efficiency plankton. Measurements close to obtained in a large lake under conditions strong wind forcing are presented that show layer enhanced exceeding wall values by one or two orders magnitude. authors propose scaling rate based on parameters, conclude breaking waves...
The Coupled Boundary Layer Air–Sea Transfer (CBLAST) field program, conducted from 2002 to 2004, has provided a wealth of new air–sea interaction observations in hurricanes. wind speed range for which turbulent momentum and moisture exchange coefficients have been derived based upon direct flux measurements extended by 30% 60%, respectively, airborne Hurricanes Fabian Isabel 2003. drag coefficient (CD) values CBLAST show CD becoming invariant with near 23 m s−1 threshold rather than...
Data from five recent field campaigns are selected for pure wind sea, deep water, and fully rough flow conditions. The combined data set includes a wide range of wave ages, with high variability in both friction velocity phase speed. These data, which expected to follow Monin‐Obukhov similarity scaling, used investigate the influence age on stress. relationship between dimensionless roughness inverse is found be z o /σ = 13.4 ( u * / c p ) 3.4 , where surface length, σ standard deviation...
During the Surface Wave Dynamics Experiment, direct measurements of momentum, heat, and water vapor fluxes were obtained from a mast on foredeck SWATH (small water-plane area, twin hull) ship in deep off state Virginia. Directional wave spectra simultaneously 6- or 3-wire wave-staff array mounted at bow ship. One hundred twenty-six 17-minute runs flux data with steaming slowly into wind are examined for effects relative direction sea background swell momentum transfer. The adequacy inertial...
Abstract An important outcome from the ONR-sponsored Coupled Boundary Layer Air–Sea Transfer (CBLAST) Hurricane Program is first-ever direct measurements of momentum flux within hurricane boundary layers. In 2003, a specially instrumented NOAA P3 aircraft obtained suitable for computing surface wind stress and ultimately estimating drag coefficients in regions with between 18 30 m s−1. Analyses data are presented 48 legs flown 400 two storms. Results suggest roll-off coefficient at higher...
GasEx‐2001, a 15‐day air‐sea carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) exchange study conducted in the equatorial Pacific, used combination of ships, buoys, and drifters equipped with ocean atmospheric sensors to assess variability surface mechanisms controlling CO fluxes. Direct covariance profile method fluxes were measured together marine boundary layer processes. The took place February 2001 near 125°W, 3°S region high . diurnal variation difference was 2.5%, driven predominantly by temperature effects on...
Recent experiments measuring turbulence dissipation rates in the upper ocean can be divided into two types: those supporting an analogy between and lower atmosphere, with following wall layer behavior, finding oceanic to much higher than predictions. In attempt reconcile these diverse acts of observations, Terray et al. proposed a wave-dependent scaling rate based on significant wave height energy input from wind waves. Their parameterization was derived observations strongly forced,...
Abstract As part of the recent ONR-sponsored Coupled Boundary Layer Air–Sea Transfer (CBLAST) Departmental Research Initiative, an aircraft was instrumented to carry out direct turbulent flux measurements in high wind boundary layer a hurricane. During 2003 field season were made during Hurricanes Fabian and Isabel. Here first latent heat fluxes measured hurricane are reported. The previous speed range for humidity Dalton numbers has been extended by over 50%. Up 30 m s−1, highest 10-m winds...
Hurricanes extract energy from the warm ocean through enthalpy fluxes. As part of Coupled Boundary Layer Air‐Sea Transfer (CBLAST) experiment, flights were conducted to measure turbulent fluxes in high‐wind boundary layer hurricanes. Here we present first field observations sensible heat and flux for 10m wind speeds 30 ms −1 . The analyses indicate no statistically significant dependence these bulk exchange coefficients on speed. a hurricane development potential, compute mean ratio...
Abstract The concept of an “equivalent surface roughness” over the ocean is useful in understanding relation between wind speed (at some height) and net momentum flux from air to sea. relative performance different physics-motivated scalings for this roughness can provide valuable guidance as which mechanisms are important under various conditions. Recently, two quite length have been proposed. Taylor Yelland presented a simple formula based on wave steepness, defined ratio significant...
Polar regions have great sensitivity to climate forcing; however, understanding of the physical processes coupling atmosphere and ocean in these is relatively poor. Improving our knowledge high-latitude surface fluxes will require close collaboration among meteorologists, oceanographers, ice physicists, climatologists, between observationalists modelers, as well new combinations situ measurements satellite remote sensing. This article describes deficiencies current state about air–sea high...
Surface fluxes of momentum, freshwater, and energy across the air–sea interface determine oceanic circulation its variability at all timescales. The goal this paper is to estimate examine some ocean surface flux variables using satellite measurements. remotely sensed data come from European Remote Sensing (ERS) scatterometer on ERS-2, NASA (NSCAT), several Defense Meteorological Satellite Program (DMSP) radiometers [Special Sensor Microwave Imager (SSM/I)] board satellites F10–F14. sea...
It is proposed that the sea surface be studied in a way takes into account observed groupiness of wind-generated waves. A new method analysis to study directional properties developed. demonstrated this method, based on wavelet transforms, allows instantaneous wave propagation directions at various frequencies estimated. Furthermore, approach shown yield wavenumber spectra directly–-a result particular importance such pursuits as remote sensing, gas transfer, and air-sea coupling.
This paper describes a new, compact buoy, the Air–Sea Interaction Spar (ASIS), capable of reliably and accurately measuring directional wave spectra, atmospheric surface fluxes, radiation in open ocean. The ASIS buoy is stable platform has low flow disturbance characteristics both oceanic boundary layers. been deployed for sea trials waters off Miami, Florida; northeastern region Gulf Mexico; northwestern Mediterranean. acquired measurements momentum heat profile data—as well as general...
Abstract As part of the Coupled Boundary Layers Air–Sea Transfer (CBLAST)-Hurricane program, flights were conducted to directly measure turbulent fluxes and turbulence properties in high-wind boundary layer hurricanes between outer rainbands. For first time, vertical profiles normalized momentum fluxes, sensible heat humidity variances three-dimensional wind velocities specific are presented for hurricane with surface speeds ranging from 20 30 m s−1. The kinetic energy budget is estimated,...
[1] Between Nov. 1 2007 and Jan. 31 2008, we calculated the air-sea flux of CO2, sensible heat, water vapor in an Arctic polynya system (Amundsen Gulf, Canada) using eddy covariance equipment deployed on research icebreaker CCGS Amundsen. During this time period, Amundsen Gulf was a dynamic sea ice environment composed primarily first year with open coverage varying between 1–14%. In all cases where measurements were influenced by measured CO2 fluxes that 1–2 orders magnitude higher than...
Abstract By combining simultaneous data from an instrumented Air–Sea Interaction Spar (ASIS) buoy and a 30-m tower, profiles of wind turbulence characteristics have been obtained at several heights about 1 to 30 m above the water surface during swell conditions. Five cases formed as averages over time periods ranging 2.5 9.5 h, representing quasi-steady conditions, selected. They represent range typical wave age include wind-following cross-swell cases. For relatively large age, profile...
Abstract Atmospheric and surface wave data from several oceanic experiments carried out on the Floating Instrument Platform (FLIP) Air–Sea Interaction Spar (ASIS) have been analyzed with purpose of identifying swell-related effects momentum exchange during near-neutral atmospheric conditions wind-following or crosswind seas. All a pronounced negative maximum in uw cospectra centered at frequency dominant swell np, meaning positive contribution to stress. A similar this is also obtained for...
Abstract Although vertical eddy diffusivity or viscosity has been extensively used in theoretical and numerical models simulating tropical cyclones, little observational study documented the magnitude of high-wind conditions (>20 m s−1) until now. Through analyzing situ aircraft data that were collected atmospheric boundary layer four intense hurricanes, this provides first estimates distributions diffusivities for momentum, sensible heat, latent heat fluxes surface wind speed range...
Abstract Analysis of the turbulent kinetic energy (TKE) budget for five slightly unstable cases with swell has been performed based on measurements mechanical production, buoyancy transport, and dissipation at levels over sea, from 2.5 to 26 m. The time rate change advection TKE were found be small, so residual is interpreted as an estimate pressure transport term (Tp). In two high wave age, Tp a gain all heights. For three smaller loss in below 5–10 m greater heights, where decrease...