A5083854013- Plant Water Relations and Carbon Dynamics
- Tree-ring climate responses
- Forest ecology and management
- Fire effects on ecosystems
- Horticultural and Viticultural Research
- Geology and Paleoclimatology Research
- Ecology and Vegetation Dynamics Studies
- Plant responses to elevated CO2
- Climate variability and models
- Archaeology and ancient environmental studies
- Tree Root and Stability Studies
- Forest Insect Ecology and Management
- Pleistocene-Era Hominins and Archaeology
- Remote Sensing in Agriculture
- Cryospheric studies and observations
- Archaeological and Geological Studies
- Remote Sensing and LiDAR Applications
- Plant responses to water stress
- Fermentation and Sensory Analysis
- Soil Carbon and Nitrogen Dynamics
- Land Use and Ecosystem Services
- Leaf Properties and Growth Measurement
- Agroforestry and silvopastoral systems
- Forest Biomass Utilization and Management
- Hydrology and Watershed Management Studies
University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli"
2016-2025
CMCC Foundation - Euro-Mediterranean Center on Climate Change
2016-2021
University of Naples Federico II
2005-2020
Institut des Sciences de l'Evolution de Montpellier
2013-2019
Université de Montpellier
2011-2019
École Pratique des Hautes Études
2011-2019
Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Università degli Studi della Campania Luigi Vanvitelli
2019
Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique
2013-2018
Institut de Recherche pour le Développement
2018
Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research
2008-2014
Summary Elevated CO 2 increases intrinsic water use efficiency ( WUE i ) of forests, but the magnitude this effect and its interaction with climate is still poorly understood. We combined tree ring analysis isotope measurements at three Free Air Enrichment FACE , POP ‐ EUROFACE in Italy; Duke North Carolina ORNL Tennessee, USA sites, to cover entire life trees. used δ 13 C assess carbon discrimination changes water‐use efficiency, while direct effects on stomatal conductance were explored...
Summary For accurate interpretation of oxygen isotopes in tree rings (δ 18 O), it is necessary to disentangle the mechanisms underlying variations tree's internal water cycle and understand transfer source versus leaf δ O phloem sugars stem wood. We studied seasonal from precipitation soil through xylem, needles Larix decidua at two alpine sites Lötschental (Switzerland). Weekly resolved records precipitation, water, xylem needle organic matter were developed. Week‐to‐week needle‐water...
Intra-annual density fluctuations (IADFs) in tree rings are generally considered structural anomalies caused by deviations from the “normal course” of xylogenesis during growing season. This definition is based on bias that, under conditions”, cambial activity stops once a year. Each ring can thus be dated to one calendar year, which principles dendrochronology. The formation IADFs triggered directly environmental changes, especially precipitation and temperature, that affect cell...
Abstract Rising atmospheric [CO 2 ], c a , is expected to affect stomatal regulation of leaf gas‐exchange woody plants, thus influencing energy fluxes as well carbon (C), water, and nutrient cycling forests. Researchers have proposed various strategies for that include maintaining constant internal i drawdown in CO ( − ), / . These can result drastically different consequences gas‐exchange. The accuracy Earth systems models depends part on assumptions about generalizable patterns responses...
Erica arborea (L) is a widespread Mediterranean species, able to cope with water stress and colonize semiarid environments. The eco-physiological plasticity of this species was evaluated by studying plants growing at two sites different soil moistures on the island Elba (Italy), through dendrochronological, wood-anatomical analyses stable isotopes measurements. Intra-annual density fluctuations (IADFs) were abundant in tree rings, identified as key parameter understand site-specific plant...
ABSTRACT It is noteworthy that the largest part of global vegetation biomass depends on a thin layer cells: vascular cambium. Understanding wood formation processes and relationships with environmental factors crucial timely research question requiring interdisciplinary efforts, also to upscale information gained evaluate implications for tree growth forest productivity. We provide an overview up tree-ring development, bearing in mind combined action intrinsic drivers determines anatomical...
Two simplifying hypotheses have been proposed for whole-plant respiration. One links respiration to photosynthesis; the other biomass. Using a first-principles carbon balance model with prescribed live woody biomass turnover, applied at forest research site where multidecadal measurements are available comparison, we show that if turnover is fast accumulation of respiring low and depends primarily on while slow high But first scenario inconsistent evidence substantial carry-over fixed...
Drought stress causes forest dieback that is often explained by two interrelated mechanisms, namely hydraulic failure and carbon starvation. However, it still unclear which functional structural alterations, related to these predispose dieback. Here we apply a multi-proxy approach for the characterization of tree structure (radial growth, wood anatomy) functioning (δ13C, δ18O non-structural carbohydrates (NSCs)) in rings before after drought-induced We aim discriminate main mechanism assess...
Treeline shift and tree growth often respond to climatic changes it is critical identify quantify their dynamics. Some regions are particularly sensitive climate change the Altai Mountains, located in Central East Asia, showing unequivocal signs. The mean annual temperature area has increased by 1.3-1.7 °C last century. As this mountain range ancient protected forests on alpine slopes, we focus determining treeline structure We integrated situ fine-scale allometric data with analyses from...
Abstract Purpose of Review Society is concerned about the long-term condition forests. Although a clear definition forest health still missing, to evaluate health, monitoring efforts in past 40 years have concentrated on assessment tree vitality, trying estimate photosynthesis rates and productivity. Used decline Central Europe since 1980s, crown foliage transparency has been commonly believed be best indicator relation air pollution, although annual variations appear more closely related...
Understanding how climate affects xylem formation is critical for predicting the impact of future conditions on tree growth and functioning in Mediterranean region, which expected to face warmer drier conditions. However, mechanisms response at different temporal scales are still largely unknown, being complicated by separation between spring autumn xylogenesis (bimodal pattern) most species such as pines. We investigated wood anatomical characteristics carbon stable isotope composition...
• Woody species in Mediterranean ecosystems form intra-annual density fluctuations (IADFs) tree rings response to changes environmental conditions, especially water availability. Dendrochronology, quantitative wood anatomy and high-resolution isotopic analysis (using a laser ablation technique) were used characterize IADFs Arbutus unedo shrubs grown on two sites with different availability the island of Elba (Italy). Our findings show that IADF characterization can provide information about...
Isotopic discrimination measurements in tree rings are becoming increasingly important estimators of past environmental change. Potential biases inherent to these parameters, including age trend and level offset are, however, not well understood. We here perform on a new millennium‐long data set decadally resolved δ 18 O 13 C from 25 high‐elevation pine trees the Spanish Pyrenees investigate whether such low‐frequency exist how they alter long‐term behavior derived time series. Alignment...
Tree rings are natural archives of climate and environmental information with a yearly resolution. Indeed, wood anatomical, chemical other properties tree synthesis several intrinsic, factors, interconnected processes acting during growth. In particular, Intra-Annual Density Fluctuations (IADFs) can be considered as tree-ring anomalies that used to better understand growth reconstruct past conditions intra-annual However, the ecophysiological behind IADF formation, well their functional...
It is still unclear whether the exponential rise of atmospheric CO2 concentration has produced a fertilization effect on tropical forests, thus incrementing their growth rate, in last two centuries. As many factors affect tree patterns, short -term studies might be influenced by confounding several interacting environmental variables plant growth. Long-term analyses can elucidate long-term trends response to dominant drivers. The study annual rings, applied long tree-ring chronologies forest...
Tree rings provide information about the climatic conditions during growing season by recording them in different anatomical features, such as Intra-Annual Density Fluctuations (IADFs). IADFs are intra-annual changes of wood density appearing latewood-like cells within earlywood, or earlywood-like latewood. The occurrence is dependent on age and size tree, it triggered drivers. variations IADF frequency species their dependence climate across a wide geographical range have still to be...
Abstract In 2010–2018, Northern Patagonia featured the longest severe drought of last millennium. This extreme dry spell triggered widespread growth decline and forest dieback. Nonetheless, roles played by two major mechanisms driving dieback, hydraulic failure carbon starvation, are still not clear understudied in this seasonally region. Here, for 1800–2017 period, we apply a retrospective analysis radial growth, wood anatomical traits (lumen area, cell‐wall thickness) δ 13 C 18 O stable...