The clinical and societal measurement of human sleep has increased exponentially in recent years. However, unlike other fields medical analysis that have become highly automated, basic research still relies on visual scoring. Such human-based evaluations are time-consuming, tedious, can be prone to subjective bias. Here, we describe a novel algorithm trained validated +30,000 hr polysomnographic recordings across heterogeneous populations around the world. This tool offers high sleep-staging...

Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathology impairs cognitive function. Yet some individuals with high amounts of AD suffer marked memory impairment, while others the same degree burden show little impairment. Why is this? One proposed explanation reserve i.e., factors that confer resilience against, or compensation for effects pathology. Deep NREM slow wave sleep (SWS) recognized to enhance functions learning and in healthy older adults. However, quality SWS (NREM activity, SWA) represents a novel...

We present Visbrain, a Python open-source package that offers comprehensive visualization suite for neuroimaging and electrophysiological brain data. Visbrain consists of two levels abstraction: 1) objects which represent highly configurable neuro-oriented visual primitives (3D brain, sources connectivity, etc.) 2) graphical user interfaces higher level interactions. The object flexible modular tools to produce automate the production figures using an approach similar Matplotlib with...

Sleep, diet and exercise are fundamental to metabolic homeostasis. In this secondary analysis of a repeated measures, nutritional intervention study, we tested whether an individual's sleep quality, duration timing impact glycaemic response breakfast meal the following morning.Healthy adults' data (N = 953 [41% twins]) were analysed from PREDICT dietary trial. Participants consumed isoenergetic standardised meals over 2 weeks in clinic at home. Actigraphy was used assess variables (duration,...

Humans help each other. This fundamental feature of homo sapiens has been one the most powerful forces sculpting advent modern civilizations. But what determines whether humans choose to another? Across 3 replicating studies, here, we demonstrate that sleep loss represents previously unrecognized factor dictating other, observed at different scales (within individuals, across and societies). First, an individual level, 1 night triggers withdrawal from another. Moreover, fMRI findings...

Several studies have demonstrated that dream content is related to the waking life of dreamer. However, characteristics memory sources incorporated into dreams are still unclear. We designed a new protocol investigate remote memories and trivial experiences, both relatively unexplored in until now. Upon awakening, for 7 days, participants identified elements (WLEs) their characterized them on several scales assess notably emotional valence. Thanks this procedure, they could report WLEs from...

Why does poor-quality sleep lead to atherosclerosis? In a diverse sample of over 1,600 individuals, we describe pathway wherein fragmentation raises inflammatory-related white blood cell counts (neutrophils and monocytes), thereby increasing atherosclerosis severity, even when other common risk factors have been accounted for. Improving quality may thus represent one preventive strategy for lowering inflammatory status risk, reinforcing public health policies focused on health.

<h2>Summary</h2> Insufficient sleep impairs glucose regulation, increasing the risk of diabetes. However, what it is about human sleeping brain that regulates blood sugar remains unknown. In an examination over 600 humans, we demonstrate coupling non-rapid eye movement (NREM) spindles and slow oscillations night before associated with improved next-day peripheral control. We further show this sleep-associated pathway may influence glycemic status through altered insulin sensitivity, rather...

High dream recallers (HR) show a larger brain reactivity to auditory stimuli during wakefulness and sleep as compared low (LR) also more intra-sleep (ISW), but no other modification of the macrostructure. To further understand possible causal link between responses, ISW recall, we investigated microstructure HR LR, tested whether amplitude evoked potentials (AEPs) was predictive arousing reactions sleep. Participants (18 HR, 18 LR) were presented with sounds whole night in lab...

We introduce Sleep, a new Python open-source graphical user interface (GUI) dedicated to visualization, scoring and analyses of sleep data. Among its most prominent features are: 1) Dynamic display polysomnographic data, spectrogram, hypnogram topographic maps with several customizable parameters, 2) Implementation automatic detection such as spindles, K-complexes, slow waves rapid eye movements, 3) practical signal processing tools re-referencing or filtering, 4) Display main descriptive...

Abstract The question of a possible link between dream content and memory consolidation remains open. After comprehensive review the literature, we present novel findings from an experiment testing whether incorporation recently learned stimuli into reports is associated with improved post-sleep performance. Thirty-two high recallers freely explored new visuo-olfactory episodes for 3 consecutive days. During nights following each non-explicit encoding, participants wore wrist actimeter, woke...

OPINION article Front. Psychol., 15 November 2019Sec. Consciousness Research Volume 10 - 2019 | https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2019.02585

Growing adoption of reliable wearable sleep trackers has made it possible to analyze multi-night, objective data from travelers on a scale hitherto not possible. This study was designed complement previous studies jet lag and circadian realignment conducted under highly controlled laboratory conditions small-scale field typically involving specialist samples such as professional athletes. De-identified 15 days before after 64,847 trips 57,240 Oura Ring users were analyzed. Trips at least...

Summary There is a lack of up‐to‐date data on sleep and dream habits college students. To fill in this gap, we used an online questionnaire sent to the student mailing lists two major universities Lyon (Lyon 1 2) for recruitment functional magnetic resonance imaging study with disorders as exclusion criteria. In sample (1,137 French students, 411 males, mean age = 22.2 ± 2.4 years, body mass index 22.0 3.2 kg m −2 ), average, participants reported spending about 8 hr bed during weekdays, 9...

Recent findings indicate that dream recall frequency (DRF) is associated with neurophysiological traits, and notably the regional cerebral blood flow at rest within medial prefrontal cortex (MPFC) temporo-parietal junction (TPJ). To test whether, such physiological traits are rooted in anatomical specificities, we used voxel-based morphometry to compare white matter gray density regions related (either experimental or theoretical level, MPFC, TPJ, hippocampus amygdala) between 46 high...

Abstract Why do some individuals recall dreams every day while others hardly ever one? We hypothesized that sleep inertia—the transient period following awakening associated with brain and cognitive alterations—could be a key mechanism to explain interindividual differences in dream at awakening. To test this hypothesis, we measured the functional connectivity (combined electroencephalography–functional magnetic resonance imaging) cognition (memory mental calculation) of high recallers (HR,...

Several results suggest that the frequency of dream recall is positively correlated with personality traits such as creativity and openness to experience. In addition, neuroimaging have evidenced different neurophysiological profiles in high recallers (HR) low (LR) during both sleep wakefulness, specifically within regions default mode network (DMN). These findings are consistent emerging view dreaming mind wandering pertain same family spontaneous mental processes, subserved by DMN.To...

Abstract How people wake up and regain alertness in the hours after sleep is related to how they are sleeping, eating, exercising. Here, a prospective longitudinal study of 833 twins genetically unrelated adults, we demonstrate that effectively an individual awakens following not associated with their genetics, but instead, four independent factors: quantity/quality night before, physical activity day prior, breakfast rich carbohydrate, lower blood glucose response breakfast. Furthermore,...

Poor sleep is associated with hypertension, a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease. However, the mechanism(s) through which loss affects health remains largely unknown, including brain and body systems that regulate vascular function.Sixty-six healthy adults participated in repeated-measures, crossover, experimental study involving assessments of function connectivity after night deprivation.First, deprivation significantly increased blood pressure-both systolic diastolic....

Abstract Event-related potentials (ERPs) associated with the involuntary orientation of (bottom-up) attention toward an unexpected sound are larger amplitude in high dream recallers (HR) than low (LR) during passive listening, suggesting different attentional functioning. We measured bottom-up and top-down performance their cerebral correlates 18 HR (11 women, age = 22.7 years, recall frequency 5.3 days a per week) 19 LR (10 22.3, DRF 0.2) using EEG Competitive Attention Task. Between-group...