Dry and bright: To mimic the wings of displayed Morpho butterfly, a new decorative material that exhibits both structural color superhydrophobicity (the “lotus effect”) was developed by taking advantage unique properties an inverse opal film, which fabricated self-assembly polystyrene spheres silica nanoparticles. The study biological microstructure is one most important research areas in biomimicry.1–3 Microstructure plays many roles living things.2, 3 For example, charming blue sulkowskyi...

CaSO4:Tm and CaSO4:Dy were found to be free from the serious disadvantage of rapid fading in CaSO4:Mn yet retain outstanding property high sensitivity CaSO4:Mn, most sensitive thermoluminescence dosimeter available at present. Glow curves both are rather simple showing a main peak 220°C shoulders 80°C 120°C. Emission spectrum consists sharp 450 mμ with minor ones 360, 470 520 has two peaks 480 570 without any one. The dosimetric characteristics excellent except for their non-tissue...

Electrons photogenerated in TiO2 and Pt/TiO2 catalysts were observed by time-resolved IR absorption spectroscopy. Transient of an identical spectrum appeared on irradiated a 355 nm pump pulse. The was attributed to optical transition electrons trapped shallow midgap states. Electron- hole-consuming reactions adsorbates controlled the decay kinetics competing with electron−hole recombination. On TiO2, O2 from gas-phase captured accelerated rate at delay time 10−100 μs. In water vapor, holes...

A surface/gas-phase reaction on Ti${\mathrm{O}}_{2}$(110) was visualized in situ by scanning tunneling microscopy. When a vacuum annealed $\left(1\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}1\right)$ surface heated at 800 K exposed to an ${\mathrm{O}}_{2}$ ambient of $1\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{\ensuremath{-}5}\mathrm{Pa}$, hill-like structures were randomly nucleated over terraces. Then they transformed into new terraces, with added rows comprising double strands. We proposed...

Atom-resolved images of a ${\mathrm{TiO}}_{2}(110)\ensuremath{-}(1\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}1)$ surface were obtained by noncontact atomic force microscopy (NC-AFM) in ultrahigh vacuum. In contrast to previous scanning tunneling studies, outermost atoms bridge-bound oxygen ridges observed as protruding rows NC-AFM. A high-resolution image the revealed that bridging ordered $(1\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}1)$ periodicity on terraces. Point defects also imaged dark spots.

Abstract The structure transformation of a TiO2(110) surface was observed at atomic-scale resolution by scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) and low-energy electron diffraction (LEED). Irregular corrugations on an argon-bombarded crystallized to stacked (1 × 1) terraces vacuum annealing 600—800 K. grew in dimension be as large 30 nm2 900 unoccupied states localized individual Ti4+ ions were resolved terrace. position the probed imaging adsorbed formate ions. Annealing higher temperatures...

The decay kinetics of photogenerated electrons in a Pt/TiO2 catalyst has been studied by time-resolved infrared absorption (TR-IR) spectroscopy. electron was drastically affected exposure to methanol vapor, and the electron−hole pair recombination prevented. A certain fraction remained beyond 1 s slowly decayed from ∼1−9 s. prevented interpreted with effective capture holes. extent hole insensitive pressure vapor. An irreversibly adsorbed methoxy groups proposed holes on basis steady-state...

In this research, sodium tantalate (NaTaO3) photocatalyst was doped with Sr2+ cations via solid-state or hydrothermal reactions. NaTaO3–SrSr1/3Ta2/3O3 solid solutions that had been through the reaction a Sr-rich shell covering Sr-poor core appeared. The lattice mismatch at heteroepitaxial core–shell interface induced surface reconstruction regularly separated steps. steady-state population of electrons excited Hg–Xe lamp irradiation increased by up to 180 times in solid-solution...

Hydrogen atoms adsorbed on TiO2(110)-(1x1) surfaces have been characterized by scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) combined with electron stimulated desorption (ESD) technique. Certain amounts of H are unexpectedly found the TiO2 annealed at 900 K. Two forms adsorption were discriminated in STM images from different sensitivity to ESD and tentatively assigned hydroxyl-type (O-H) hydride-type (Ti-H) species.

Identification of charge transfer and trapping sites on semiconducting oxide surfaces is fundamental importance in furthering the field heterogeneous photocatalysts. Using scanning tunneling microscopy, electron energy loss spectroscopy, photodesorption, we observed both hole events (110) surface TiO2 rutile. UV irradiation a saturated monolayer trimethyl acetate (TMA) TiO2(110) at room temperature resulted to carboxylate group, followed by (CH3)3C-COO bond cleavage desorption CO2...

Electrons photoexcited in catalysts based on NaTaO3 were observed by time-resolved infrared (IR) absorption spectroscopy. The electrons excited 266-nm pump pulse exhibited a monotonic of mid-IR light. recombination kinetics the with holes was monitored vacuum as function time delay ranging from 100 ns to 1 s. When Na content and La dopant optimized achieve high activity steady-state reaction water splitting, recombinative decay hindered increase amount electrons. transferred NiO ultrafine...

Rutile particles doped by Cr and Sb with Sb/Cr ratios greater than unity were active for photocatalytic O2 evolution from an aqueous silver nitrate solution under visible light irradiation. Two vibrational bands appeared in Raman scattering resonant to the electronic absorption assigned symmetric breathing modes of CrO6 octahedron neighboring TiO6 octahedra, on assumption that dopant atoms exactly replaced Ti cations rutile. Electrons excited 355-nm 532-nm pulses showed mid-IR light, which...

In this study, SrTiO3 photocatalysts doped with Rh and Sb are prepared by hydrothermal synthesis. Doping alone causes optical absorption centered at 580 420 nm, attributed to Rh4+ Rh3+. By adding Sb, the oxidation state of shifts be 3+ nm disappears. The nondoped exhibit transient infrared 3000–1000 cm–1 due excited electrons, when pumped 355 or 532 light pulses. absorbance decay is observed in a vacuum as function microsecond time delays deduce relative rate electron–hole recombination....