A5085901278- Adipose Tissue and Metabolism
- Adipokines, Inflammation, and Metabolic Diseases
- Exercise and Physiological Responses
- Cardiovascular and exercise physiology
- Mitochondrial Function and Pathology
- Phytochemicals and Antioxidant Activities
- Cardiovascular Health and Disease Prevention
- Sports Performance and Training
- Vitamin C and Antioxidants Research
- High Altitude and Hypoxia
- Food Chemistry and Fat Analysis
- Metabolomics and Mass Spectrometry Studies
- Diet and metabolism studies
- Atherosclerosis and Cardiovascular Diseases
- Body Composition Measurement Techniques
- Fatty Acid Research and Health
- Pancreatic function and diabetes
- Fibromyalgia and Chronic Fatigue Syndrome Research
- Muscle metabolism and nutrition
- Dialysis and Renal Disease Management
- Natural Antidiabetic Agents Studies
- Lipid metabolism and disorders
- Metabolism and Genetic Disorders
- Peripheral Artery Disease Management
- Thermoregulation and physiological responses
Florida State University
2024
Virginia Tech
2014-2020
There is interest in the potential of cocoa flavanols, including monomers and procyanidins, to prevent obesity type-2 diabetes. Fermentation processing beans influence qualitative quantitative profiles individual constituents. Little known regarding how different flavanols contribute inhibition The objective this study was compare impacts long-term dietary exposure flavanol monomers, oligomers, polymers on effects high-fat feeding. Mice were fed a diet supplemented with either extract or...
Insulin resistance and a progressive decline in functional β -cell mass are hallmarks of developing type 2 diabetes (T2D). Thus, searching for natural, low-cost compounds to target these two defects could be promising strategy prevent the pathogenesis T2D. Here, we show that dietary intake flavonol kaempferol (0.05% diet) significantly ameliorated hyperglycemia, hyperinsulinemia, circulating lipid profile, which were associated with improved peripheral insulin sensitivity middle-aged obese...
Skeletal muscle mitochondria play a specific role in many disease pathologies. As such, the measurement of oxygen consumption as an indicator mitochondrial function this tissue has become more prevalent. Although technologies and assays exist that measure respiratory pathways variety cells, species, there is currently void literature regards to compilation these using isolated from mouse skeletal for use microplate based technologies. Importantly, respirometric growing among biologists it...
Increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and microvascular endothelial disruptions occur with natural ageing, but often transpire before the detection of cardiometabolic conditions including hypertension. Age-related increases in blood pressure are driven by complex systemic changes poorly understood integrated mechanisms. The deconditioning experienced ageing skeletal muscle from mid-life is associated reduced flow increased peripheral resistance, suggesting that vasodilatory...
Toll-like receptor-4 (TLR-4) is elevated in skeletal muscle of obese humans, and data from our laboratory have shown that activation TLR-4 via LPS results decreased fatty acid oxidation (FAO). The purpose this study was to determine whether overexpression alters mitochondrial function whole body metabolism the context a chow high-fat diet. C57BL/6J mice (males, 6-8 mo age) with muscle-specific (mTLR-4) gene were created used for study. Isolated mitochondria homogenates rodent (gastrocnemius...
Dysfunctional skeletal muscle mitochondria play a role in altered metabolism observed with aging, obesity and Type II diabetes. Mitochondrial respirometric assays from isolated mitochondrial preparations allow for the assessment of function, as well determination mechanism(s) action drugs proteins that modulate metabolism. Current isolation procedures often require large quantities tissue to yield high quality necessary assays. The methods presented herein describe how purified (~ 450 µg)...
Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) is an inflammatory expressed ubiquitously in immune cells as well skeletal muscle and other metabolic tissues. Skeletal develops favorable inflammation-mediated adaptations from exercise training. Multiple myokines, downstream TLR4, are proposed links to the benefits of exercise. In addition, activation TLR4 alters substrate preference. The role (mTLR4) metabolism has not previously been investigated. Herein, we aimed specifically test significance mTLR4...
Skeletal muscle mitochondria play a specific role in many disease pathologies. As such, the measurement of oxygen consumption as an indicator mitochondrial function this tissue has become more prevalent. Although technologies and assays exist that measure respiratory pathways variety cells, species, there is currently void literature regards to compilation these using isolated from mouse skeletal for use microplate based technologies. Importantly, respirometric growing among biologists it...
There is interest in the potential of cocoa flavanols, including monomers and procyanidins, to prevent obesity type‐2 diabetes. Fermentation processing beans influence qualitative quantitative profiles individual constituents. Little known regarding how different flavanols contribute inhibition The objective this study was compare impacts long‐term dietary exposure flavanol monomers, oligomers polymers on effects high‐fat feeding. Mice were fed a diet supplemented with either extract, or...
There is mounting evidence suggesting that reactive oxygen species (ROS) generated by NADPH oxidase (NOX) regulate physiological processes, as NOX has been shown to promote increases in lipolysis cultured adipocytes. PURPOSE: To determine the mechanisms which stimulates adipose tissue lipolysis. METHODS: Young healthy females (n = 17; mean ± SD; age: 21.7 5 years; body mass index: 22.2 3.8 kg/m 2 ) participated this study. Participants underwent microdialysis and hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic...
Muscle contraction stimulates local cytokine release suggesting that these cytokines play a modulatory role in exercise-induced adaptations. A strong link has been established between muscle-derived interleukin 6 (IL6) and exercise capacity mice. Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) is cellular immune known to initiate downstream signaling cascade, which promotes pro-inflammatory production. In skeletal muscle, however, gene expression could be triggered through multiple pathways. As such, the...
There is strong evidence supporting a crucial role for inflammatory cytokines in mediating metabolic adaptations to exercise. Many reports have indicated that skeletal muscle the source of systemic elevations cytokine levels observed during and post However, exact mechanism modulating these cascades has yet be elucidated. Toll-like receptor-4 (TLR-4) an immune receptor widely expressed other tissues. Pathogen-mediated activation TLR4 stimulates production pro-inflammatory cytokines. context...
NADPH oxidase (Nox) activation leads to increased adipocyte lipolysis; however, the mechanisms regulating this process are unknown. PURPOSE: To determine if Nox-derived reactive oxygen species (ROS) production increases lipolysis through canonical β-adrenergic pathway or a non-canonical atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) pathway. METHODS: Young (22.3 ± 6.2 years) healthy individuals (n = 8; BMI: 24.8 9.5 kg/m2) were studied. Local ROS and glycerol (lipolysis) measured via microdialysis in...
Consumption of high-carbohydrate (HC) or high-fat (HF) meals are known to increase reactive oxygen species (ROS), which underlie the development cardiovascular disease (CVD). NADPH oxidase (NOX) is a primary source ROS in vasculature, but effects NOX-generated on vivo microvascular blood flow following HC HF meal unclear. Recent studies indicate creatine monohydrate (CM) may reduce levels and improve flow. PURPOSE: The aim this study was determine if NOX-derived impairs response establish...