The early stages of byssinosis, the chronic lung disorder caused by inhalation cotton dust, are characterized repeated episodes mild and reversible obstruction airways on exposure to dust. To define relation between endotoxin airway response inhaled we pooled analyzed data from several previous studies experimental exposure. set involved a total 108 separate sessions dust 32 different cottons. Each dust-exposure session had exposing group 24 35 prescreened healthy subjects one cottons for...

To identify the role of endotoxin in grain dust-induced lung disease, we conducted a population-based, cross-sectional investigation among handlers and postal workers. The study subjects were selected by randomly sampling all facilities post offices within 100 miles Iowa City. Our population consisted 410 workers 201 Grain found to be exposed higher concentrations airborne dust (p = 0.0001) when compared with had significantly prevalence work-related (cough, phlegm, wheezing, chest...

To assess whether working in a swine confinement facility causes an excess or accelerated decline lung function, we conducted population-based study to evaluate the determinants of longitudinal changes airflow population operators. Spirometric measures function were compared between operators (N = 168) and neighborhood farmer control subjects 127). Study randomly selected from cohort eastern Iowa. The farming was matched by geographic location, age, sex On average, follow-up time...

Endotoxin exposure has been implicated in the etiology of lung disease cotton workers. We investigated this potential relationship 443 workers from 2 factories Shanghai and 439 control subjects a nearby silk mill. A respiratory questionnaire was administered pre- postshift forced expiratory volume (FVC) flow one second (FEV1) were determined for each worker. Multiple area air samples analyzed total elutriated dust concentration (range: 0.15 to 2.5 mg/m3) endotoxin 0.002 0.55 microgram U.S....

To evaluate the chronic effects of exposure to cotton dust, a 15-yr follow-up study in textile workers was performed Shanghai, China from 1981 1996. Testing occurred four times during period. The achieved rates were 76–88% original 447 workers, and 70–85% 472 silk (as control group). Identical questionnaires, equipment, methods used throughout study. prevalence byssinosis increased over time with 15.3% at last survey versus 7.6% baseline, whereas no found workers. More group consistently...

In order to evaluate chronic effects of long-term exposure cotton dust on respiratory health, and the role endotoxin, longitudinal changes in lung function symptoms were observed prospectively from 1981 2001 447 textile workers, along with 472 silk controls. The results five surveys conducted over 20-yr period are reported, including standardised questionnaires, pre- post-shift spirometric measurements, work-area inhalable sample collections airborne Gram-bacterial endotoxin analysis. Cotton...

Aims: To determine chronic effects of long term exposure to cotton dust and endotoxin on incidence respiratory symptoms the effect cessation exposure. Methods: Respiratory health in 429 Chinese textile workers (study group) 449 silk (control was followed prospectively from 1981 1996. Byssinosis, chest tightness, non-specific were assessed by means identical standardised questionnaires at four time points. Exposures estimated using area samples collected each survey. Incidence persistence...

Environmental measurements were made in three poultry confinement buildings order to characterize gas and particulate contaminants. Levels of total respirable dust averaged 4.4 0.24 mg/m3, respectively. Particle size distribution as measured by cascade impactors was similar the houses with a mass median aerodynamic diameter about 15 µm geometric standard deviation 2.2. Ammonia levels active areas 25 ppm. concentration quite high, however, an unused unventilated portion one (). CO2 ranged...

Background: To evaluate the relationship between long-term exposure to cotton dust and Gram-negative bacterial endotoxin on lung function, we conducted an 11-year follow-up study of textile workers in Shanghai, China. Methods: Workers at a nearby silk-thread manufacturing mill were used as referent population. Ninety percent original cohort 445 467 silk — both active retired identified for testing 11th year. Questionnaires spirometric performed, well sampling three points over period:...

Abstract Inhalation of dust from contaminated organic materials may result in acute respiratory tract illness. Possible mechanisms include toxic and cellular reactions to microbial other products or immunologic responses after prior sensitization an antigen. A case is presented a 52 year old male who developed fever, myalgia, marked dyspnea 12 hr shoveling composted wood chips leaves. Inspiratory crackles, hypoxemia, bilateral patchy pulmonary infiltrates were seen. Precipitating antibody...

Gram-negative bacterial endotoxins are contaminants of dusts from agricultural products. They represent a potential health hazard for farmers working in many different processes. However, the occurrence has not been well characterized various farming operations. Therefore, two activities with generating airborne were studied: 1) chopping baled corn stalks or straw bedding New York State, and 2) oat bin unloading Alabama. Actual endotoxin levels obtained during chopper operations far exceeded...

Abstract Gram‐negative bacterial endotoxins, implicated in adverse worker health responses, were found settled and airborne dust samples obtained from poultry swine confinement units. Results of the Limulus amebocyte lysate gel test endotoxin levels ranged 4.5 to 47.7 μg FDA Klebsiella equivalents/gm. Differences between may have been due variables time, geographic locations, confined animals, buildings equipment, methods sample collection. Animal workers are potentially exposed large...

Airborne gram-negative bacterial endotoxin levels were quantified in a live chicken hanging (shackling) room of poultry processing plant. The mean respirable dust at the entrance and exit shackling line 1.13 +/- 0.12 0.72 0.06 mg/m3, respectively, or approximately 6% total dust. Endotoxins constituted 43.3 2.8 micrograms per gram endotoxins present level 918.4 159.0 ng/m3 634.0 96.9 exit, with 44.3 7.8 33.6 2.2 ng/m3. Inhalation can result respiratory systemic pathophysiology. potential for...

Three samples of silage taken from the surface a silo and depths 20 45 cm in were studied for identification potential agents causing symptoms organic dust toxic syndrome. The examined by dilution plating before after aerosolization an acoustical generator. Aerosol collected liquid impinger filter cassettes. total aerobic bacteria, anaerobic gram-negative lactobacilli, listeriae, thermophilic actinomycetes, fungi, endotoxin. Very high levels bacteria fungi found sample (up to 10(9) CFU/g...

Abstract Gram-negative bacteria and their endotoxins are commonly found in agricultural settings, yet they can be quantified also environmental/occupational situations that considered traditionally to nondusty, such as office buildings or libraries. Endotoxins biologically active agents induce respiratory systemic reactivity after inhalation of airborne dusts which contain relatively small quantities the toxin. Research studies with strong compelling results needed lead prevention lung...

Abstract The aim of this study was to determine characteristics personal exposure inorganic and organic dust during manual harvest operations California citrus table grapes. Personal exposures inhalable respirable were measured five times over a 4-month period harvesting season. We analyzed components the samples for mineralogy, quartz, endotoxin, total culturable microorganisms. Workers manually exposed complex mixture dust. Exposures had geometric means 39.7 mg/m3 1.14 These significantly...

Abstract Exposure to cotton dust is known cause both acute and chronic respiratory illness. A specific pattern of symptoms called byssinosis well described occur among workers in the processing (e.g., yarn preparation) industry. Recent studies have implicated Gram‐negative bacterial endotoxin as one agents responsible for acute, possibly chronic, Laboratory experiments using a model cardroom found poor correlations between airborne associated endotoxin. This study reports results vertical...