The recent development in the technology has increased complexity of image contents and demand for classification becomes more imperative. Digital images play a vital role many applied domains such as remote sensing, scene analysis, medical care, textile industry crime investigation. Feature extraction representation is considered an important step analysis it affects performance. Automatic open research problem pattern recognition applications. Bag-of-Features (BoF) model commonly used to...

Clustering is a popular machine learning technique used to segregate the number of objects into different classes. Locating multiple peaks multimodal problem challenging task. In this regard, clustering considered be best that divides population clusters. literature, techniques have been suggested with particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm. Among techniques, partition-based widely PSO solve problems. This paper provides brief survey clustering-based for solving Open problems discussed...

Cognitive Radio emerged as a solution to solve the spectrum scarcity by allowing unlicensed user exist with licensed users of network whenever are in idle state. radio since its inception has received lot importance far research is concerned, however security threats also this promising technology among which Primary User Emulation (PUE) attack one. We cover an understanding PUE paper and then discuss existing solutions mitigate it along limitations proposed solutions. In end we identify...

A key requirement in the development of self-driving vehicles is accurate steering angle estimation. In this paper, we present a novel computation approach for using computer vision-based technique to navigate controlled environment. We have performed color-based thresholding segment drivable region road. Moreover, Circle-Rectangle-based shapes are detected from interest compute automated navigation customized vehicles. To evaluate performance our proposed approach, conducted simulations...

A simple and sensitive spectrophotomteric method has been developed for the determination of Sertraline in pharmaceutical blood sample.The current is depend upon reaction between sertraline chloranilic acid slightly alkaline medium, giving a purple colour complex having maximum absorbance at 527.5 nm.The selective with 0.01mg/mL.The obeys Beer's law from 0.1mg to 5mg/mL relative standard deviation 0.19%.The quantitative estimation sample also studied.

In an automated steering system of the self-driving vehicles, wheel angle is measured by absolute angular displacement sensors or relative sensors. However, these either encompass global navigation satellite systems (GNSS)/gyroscope – Micro Electromechanical-Sensor (MEMS) based solutions comprise complex gear-based mechanical structure which results in latency and additive bias accumulative assessment. To address issues, we propose a novel assessment on enhanced gear mechanism along with...

It is worthwhile to point out the fact that nature of given data plays considerable role in classifying accurately. To select an appropriate classifier for certain type data, we are required understand behavior classifiers on different characteristics. The varying dimensions, number instances, class labels, correlation, and distribution classes, might characterize data. In this study, performance five supervised machine learning classification techniques have been investigated using six real...

Making roads safer by avoiding road collisions is one of the main reasons for inventing Autonomous vehicles (AVs). In this context, designing agent-based collision avoidance components AVs which truly represent human cognition and emotions look a more feasible approach as agents can replace drivers. However, to best our knowledge, very few emotion cognition-inspired studies have previously been conducted in domain. Furthermore, these solutions not validated using any key validation...

The collision-free path planning is crucial for an autonomous vehicle. saves lives and helps in timely task completion. computational intelligent mimics human intelligence solve these types of problem which conventional techniques fail. In this paper, we first present a taxonomy algorithm collision avoidance vehicles. After that, survey on the Algorithms At end open research given.

The collision-free path planning is crucial for an autonomous vehicle. It saves life and helps to complete the task in time. computational intelligence mimics human solves these types of problems which conventional techniques fail provide optimal solutions. In literature, except evolutionary have not been utilized land vehicles. this regard, we employ clonal selection algorithms collision avoidance To check effectiveness our proposed scheme, compare performance algorithm with genetic...

Autonomous path following has gained tremendous popularity during the last few decades. Numerous researchers have contributed to development of highly automated navigation systems using different types sensors and their combination. However, proposed approaches do not provide a cost-efficient solution because deployment exorbitant sophisticated sensors, which remains challenging problem for customized vehicles used in academic research. To overcome this issue, study presents an economically...

In the last couple of decades, autonomous road cleaners have been enormously attracting world. For this purpose, numerous researchers contributed to designing efficient, robust, and human-friendly cleaning mechanisms. However, their proposed approaches do not provide a cost-effective solution due deployment exorbitant sensors sophisticated infrastructure deployment. Hence, we propose develop self-driving that has capability clean roads major cities Asia. The developed cleaner efficiently...

Modular bridge structures are commonly used in areas where space and weight major limitations. In this study, a modular structure made of extruded aluminum alloy AA7005 was analyzed using numerical simulations. Parametric model the produced optimized for required loading conditions. The aim research work to minimize without compromising its strength. Sensitivity analysis performed by taking thickness member as optimization variable. Optimum obtained from simulations assigned entire...

In the last couple of decades, autonomous human assistance robots have been enormously attracting industrial sector. For this purpose, numerous researchers contributed towards designing efficient and robust mechanisms. However, their proposed approaches do not provide a cost-effective solution due to deployment exorbitant sensors sophisticated infrastructure. Besides, it was quite challenging for existing human-following track assigned companion in different illusional states luminous...

Rice, a crucial global food source, faces numerous challenges impacting its quality and quantity. Pakistan is significant rice producer needs more agricultural technological advancements. Conventional disease detection methods for plants are time-consuming ineffective. However, recent progress in technology, particularly machine learning & deep learning, holds great promise improved identification. In this study, different datasets were considered preparing dataset that specifically related...

Breast cancer includes genetic and environmental factors is the most prevalent malignancy in women contributing to pathogenesis progression of cancer. prognosis metastasizes towards bones, liver, brain, lungs, main cause death patients. Furthermore, selection features classification significant microarray data analysis, which suffers from huge time consumption. To address these issues, this research uniquely integrates machine learning microarrays identify secondary breast vital organs. This...