Abstract Since it was first characterised in 1983, 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline (2AP) has been considered to be the most important aroma compound rice. In this study, we show four other amine heterocycles: 6-methyl, 5-oxo-2,3,4,5-tetrahydropyridine (6M5OTP), 2-acetylpyrrole, pyrrole and 1-pyrroline, that correlate strongly with production of 2AP, are present consistent proportions a set elite aromatic rice varieties from South East Asia Australia as well collection recombinant inbred lines (RILs)...

Abstract Climate change may lead to an increase in both day and night time temperatures rice ( Oryza sativa L) growing regions, but the impact of such temperature increases on yields Australian varieties is not known. We evaluated biomass grain yield response eleven including long, medium short types, Californian cultivar M205, heat stress during reproductive phase filling stages. Heat (day/night = 35/25°C) was applied at one three stages: from panicle exertion anthesis PE ), 10 days after...

To extend the production base of durum wheat in Australia, field trials were conducted on seven registered varieties across four seasons and six sites locations where irrigation was supplied during crop growth. The purpose to determine if quality grain produced met requirements for good milling pasta-making understand genotype, environment their interaction affecting yield technological derived pasta. High yields protein obtained, producing large weights, low screenings percentage hard...

ABSTRACT The fungus Rhynchosporium commune , the causal agent of barley scald disease, contains a paralogous effector gene family called Necrosis‐Inducing Protein 2 ( NIP2 ) and NIP2‐like protein NLP ). However, function full genomic context these paralogues remain uncharacterised. Here we present highly contiguous long‐read assembly newly isolated Australian strain, R . WAI453, that is virulent on multiple cultivars. Using this assembly, show duplication families distributed throughout...

Climate change poses major challenges for temperate rice production systems, with significant implications on grain quality, impacting the consumer markets and thus forth addressing unimpaired quality solutions is vital industry profita-bility. This review synthesizes current knowledge of climate-induced changes in temperate-grown rice, focusing Australian as a primary case study alongside comparisons other regions. Environmental factors including temperature extremes, altered rainfall...

Improving water-use efficiency by incorporating drought avoidance traits into new wheat varieties is an important objective for breeding in water-limited environments. This study uses genome wide association studies (GWAS) to identify candidate loci water-soluble carbohydrate accumulation-an drought-avoidance characteristic wheat. Phenotypes from a multi-environment trial with experiments differing water availability and separate single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) diversity arrays...

Background and objectives The objective of this study was to determine the extent which differences in rice grain protein composition are associated with head yield ( HRY ). , mass milled unbroken derived from a defined paddy expressed as percentage, is commercially important trait targeted by breeders. Variation influences texture, high content ; however, relationship between not well understood. Findings HPLC analysis extracts broken medium‐ long‐grain suggests that . Glutelin, major class...

Septoria tritici blotch (STB) has been ranked the third most important wheat disease in world, threatening a large area of production. Although major genes play an role protection against Zymoseptoria infection, lifespan their resistance unfortunately is very short modern production systems. Combinations quantitative with minor effects, therefore, are believed to have prolonged and more durable Z. tritici. In this study, new trait loci (QTLs) were identified that responsible for...

Abstract The fungus Rhynchosporium commune, the causal agent of barley scald disease, contains a paralogous effector gene family called Necrosis-Inducing Protein 2 ( NIP2 ) and NIP2-like protein NLP ). However, function full genomic context these paralogs remains uncharacterised. Here we present highly contiguous long-read assembly R. commune WAI453. Using this assembly, show that duplication families is distributed throughout genome pre-dates speciation from its sister species. Some have...

Abstract Abiotic stress tolerance traits are often complex and recalcitrant targets for conventional breeding improvement in many crop species. This study evaluated the potential of genomic selection to predict water-soluble carbohydrate concentration (WSCC), an important drought trait, wheat under field conditions. A panel 358 varieties lines constrained maturity was rainfed irrigated treatments across two locations years. Whole-genome marker profiles factor analytic mixed models were used...

Abstract The disease scald of barley is caused by the pathogen Rhynchosporium commune and can cause up to 30–40% yield loss in susceptible cultivars. In this study, Australian cultivar ‘Yerong’ was demonstrated have resistance that differed from Turk ( Rrs1 (Rh3 type)) based on seedling tests with 11 R. isolates. A doubled haploid population 177 lines derived a cross between ‘Franklin’ used identify quantitative trait loci (QTL) for resistance. QTL chromosome 3H identified large effect,...

The inclusion of multiple traits and environments within a partially separable factor analytic approach for genomic selection provides breeders with an informative framework to utilise genotype by environment trait interaction efficient selection. This paper develops single-stage (GS) which incorporates information on framework. linear mixed model is effective method analysing multi-environment trial (MET) datasets, but has not been extended GS environments. advantage using all that can...

Research into winter cereal breeding in Australia has focused primarily on studying the effects of rainfed environments. These studies typically show large genotype × environment (GE) interactions, and complexity these interactions acts as an impediment to efficient selection improved varieties. Wheat been studied extensively; however, there are no published GE triticale under irrigated production systems. We conducted trials 101 genotypes at two locations over 4 years intensive management...

In crop improvement programs, hybrid vigour (heterosis) is an important breeding strategy but the molecular mechanisms of are still unclear. Grain yield declines after F1 generation due to phenotypic segregation. We found that, at early seedling stage in hybrids derived from temperate japonica rice varieties ‘Doongara’ and ‘Reiziq’, was approximately 40% greater than better parents. Inbred high-yielding lines (Hybrid Mimics) were developed × ‘Reiziq’ by selfing recurrent selection for...

Low temperatures at the young microspore stage (YMS) decreases spikelet fertility and is a major limiting factor to rice production in temperate Australia. temperature tolerance difficult trait phenotype, hence there strong desire for identification of quantitative loci (QTL) their use marker-assisted selection (MAS). Association mapping was used several breeding populations with known source low tolerance, Norin PL8, identify QTL tolerance. A novel identified on chromosome 6, qYMCT6.1,...

Fusarium crown rot (FCR) causes significant grain yield loss in winter cereals around the world. Breeding for resistance and/or tolerance to FCR has been slow with relatively limited success. In this study, multi-species experiments were used demonstrate an improved method quantify infection levels at plant maturity using quantitative PCR (qPCR), as well genotype retention residual regression deviation. Using qPCR measure allowed a higher degree of resolution between genotypes than...

Abstract The disease scald of barley is caused by the pathogen Rhynchosporium commune and can cause up to 30-40% yield loss in susceptible varieties. In this study, Australian cultivar Yerong was demonstrated have resistance that differed from Turk ( Rrs1 ) based on seedling tests with 11 R. isolates. A doubled haploid population 177 lines derived a cross between Franklin used identify quantitative trait loci (QTL) for resistance. Scald against four isolates assessed at growth stage...

Abstract Septoria tritici blotch (STB) has been ranked the third most important wheat disease in world, threatening a large area of production. Although major genes play an role protection against Zymoseptoria infection, lifespan their resistance unfortunately is very short modern agriculture systems. Combinations quantitative with minor effects, therefore, are believed to have prolonged and more durable Z. . In this study new trait loci (QTLs) were identified that responsible for...