Prostacyclin synthase (PGIS) is the final committed enzyme in metabolic pathway leading to prostacyclin (PGI2) production. Patients with severe pulmonary hypertension have a PGIS deficiency of their precapillary vessels, but importance this for lung vascular remodeling remains unclear. We hypothesized that selective overexpression may prevent development hypertension. To study hypothesis, transgenic mice were created using construct 3.7-kb human surfactant protein-C (SP-C) promoter and rat...

Most current software systems contain undocumented high-level ideas implemented across multiple files and modules. When developers perform program maintenance tasks, they often waste time effort locating understanding these scattered concerns. We have developed a semi-automated concern location comprehension tool, Find-Concept, designed to reduce the spend on tasks increase their confidence in results of tasks. Find-Concept is effective because it searches unique natural language-based...

The energy consumption of software is an increasing concern as the use mobile applications, embedded systems, and data center-based services expands. While research in green engineering correspondingly increasing, little known about current practices perspectives engineers field. This paper describes first empirical study how practitioners think when they write requirements, design, construct, test, maintain their software. We report findings from a quantitative, targeted survey 464 ABB,...

What are software developers doing during a change task? While an answer to this question opens countless opportunities support in their work, only little is known about developers' detailed navigation behavior for realistic tasks. Most empirical studies on performing tasks limited very small code snippets or by the granularity detail of data collected study. In our research, we try overcome these limitations combining user interaction monitoring with fine granular eye-tracking that...

We advocate for a paradigm shift in supporting the information needs of developers, centered around concept automated on-demand developer documentation. Currently, are fulfilled by asking experts or consulting Unfortunately, traditional documentation practices inefficient because of, among others, manual nature its creation and gap between creators consumers. discuss major challenges we face realizing such shift, highlight existing research that can be leveraged to this end, promote...

In theory, (good) documentation is an invaluable asset to any software project, as it helps stakeholders use, understand, maintain, and evolve a system. practice, however, generally affected by numerous shortcomings issues, such insufficient inadequate content obsolete, ambiguous information. To counter this, researchers are investigating the development of advanced recommender systems that automatically suggest high-quality documentation, useful for given task. A crucial first step...

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Due to the high number and cost of interruptions at work, several approaches have been suggested reduce this for knowledge workers. These predominantly focus either on a manual physical indicator, such as headphones or closed office door, automatic measure worker's interruptibilty in combination with computer-based indicator. Little is known about indicator an interruptibility its long-term impact workplace. In our research, we developed FlowLight, that combines traffic-light like LED based...

The block-based approach to programming is an effective way engage young learners in and the powerful ideas of computing. In this paper, we explore potential using same a very different context: industrial robotics. Using customized language built with Blockly library, created interface for one-armed robot. This paper presents robot called Robot Blockly, focusing on how various affordances were utilized make challenge more accessible. We also present results from small-scale study showing...

Organizations have a variety of options to help their software developers become most productive selves, from modifying office layouts, investing in better tools, cleaning up the source code. But which will biggest impact? Drawing literature engineering and industrial/organizational psychology identify factors that correlate with productivity, we designed survey asked 622 across 3 companies about these productivity self-rated productivity. Our results suggest strongly were non-technical...

A new wave of collaborative robots designed to work alongside humans is bringing the automation historically seen in large-scale industrial settings new, diverse contexts. However, ability program these machines often requires years training, making them inaccessible or impractical for many. This project rethinks what robot programming interfaces could be order make accessible and intuitive adult novice programmers. We created a block-based interface one-armed conducted study with 67 novices...

Open offices are cost-effective and continue to be popular. However, research shows that these environments, brimming with distractions sensory overload, frequently hamper productivity. Our investigates the use of virtual reality (VR) mitigate in an open office setting improve one's ability flow. In a lab study, 35 participants performed visual programming tasks four combinations physical (open or closed office) environments (beach office). While both preferred were flow more without VR,...

The IMS T800, a complete scientific computer on single chip, forms the basis of most powerful supercomputer in Europe.

Research collaboration between industry and academia supports improvement innovation in helps ensure the industrial relevance of academic research. However, many researchers practitioners community believe that level joint industry-academia (IAC) projects Software Engineering (SE) research is relatively low, creating a barrier practice. The goal empirical study reported this paper to explore characterize state IAC with respect needs, developed solutions, impacts also set challenges, patterns...

Developers heavily rely on Local Code Search (LCS)---the execution of a text-based search single code base---to find starting points in software maintenance tasks. While LCS approaches commonly used by developers are based lexical matching and often result failed searches or irrelevant results, have not yet migrated to the various research that made significant advancements LCS. We hypothesize two major reasons for this lack migration as follows. First, do know which approach is best, due...

In this paper, we present a semi-automatic approach for mining large-scale dataset of IDE interactions to extract usage smells, i.e., inefficient patterns exhibited by developers in the field. The outlined paper first mines frequent patterns, filtered via set thresholds and authors, that are subsequently supported (or disputed) using developer survey, order form smells. contrast with conventional data, our identifies time-ordered sequences actions many This pattern workflow is resilient...

A new wave of collaborative robots designed to work alongside humans is bringing the automation historically seen in large-scale industrial settings new, diverse contexts. However, ability program these machines often requires years training, making them inaccessible or impractical for many. This paper rethinks what robot programming interfaces could be order make accessible and intuitive adult novice programmers. We created a block-based interface one-armed conducted study with 67 novices...

To complete a change task, software developers spend substantial amount of time navigating code to understand the relevant parts. During this investigation phase, they implicitly build context models elements and relations that are task. Through an exploratory study with twelve completing tasks in three open source systems, we identified important characteristics these how created. In second empirical analysis, further examined our findings on data collected from eighty working variety...

In this paper we test for the presence of common trends and cycles in state unemployment rates, examine relative dispersion rates across states their relationship with business cycle. Importantly, results suggest that, contrary to widely held opinion, there is a case regional policy (i.e. kind that discriminates between territories) Australia. particular: Tasmania two territories, needed counter both temporary permanent shocks; mainland – especially above‐average shocks but not shocks.

OOP style requires programmers to organize their code according objects (or nouns, using natural language as a metaphor), causing program's actions (verbs) become scattered during implementation. We define an Action-Oriented Identifier Graph (AOIG) reconnect the in system. An system with AOIG will essentially support dynamic virtual remodularization of into View. have developed algorithm automatically construct AOIG, and implementation construction process. To we use Natural Language...

The large time and effort devoted to software maintenance can be reduced by providing engineers with tools that automate tedious, error-prone tasks. However, despite the prevalence of such as IDEs, which automatically provide program information automated support developer, there is considerable room for improvement in existing tools. authors' previous work has demonstrated using natural language embedded a significantly improve effectiveness various In particular, precise verb from source...