Sleep-promoting neurons in the dorsal fan-shaped body (dFB) of Drosophila are integral to sleep homeostasis, but how these cells impose on organism is unknown. We report that dFB communicate via inhibitory transmitters, including allatostatin-A (AstA), with interneurons connecting superior arch ellipsoid central complex. These "helicon cells" express galanin receptor homolog AstA-R1, respond visual input, gate locomotion, and inhibited by AstA, suggesting promote rest suppressing visually...

Many insects use patterns of polarized light in the sky to orient and navigate. Here, we functionally characterize neural circuitry fruit fly, Drosophila melanogaster , that conveys signals from eye central complex, a brain region essential for fly’s sense direction. Neurons tuned angle polarization ultraviolet are found throughout anterior visual pathway, connecting optic lobes with complex via tubercle bulb, homologous organization ‘sky compass’ pathways described other insects. We detail...

The central complex (CX) is a midline-situated collection of neuropil compartments in the arthropod brain, implicated higher-order processes such as goal-directed navigation. Here, we provide systematic genetic-neuroanatomical analysis ellipsoid body (EB), compartment which represents major afferent portal Drosophila CX. volume EB, along with its prominent input compartment, called bulb, subdivided into precisely tessellated domains, distinguishable based on intensity global marker...

The subesophageal zone (SEZ) of the Drosophila brain houses circuitry underlying feeding behavior and is involved in many other aspects sensory processing locomotor control. Formed by merging four neuromeres, internal architecture SEZ can be best understood identifying segmentally reiterated landmarks emerging embryo larva, following gradual changes which these become integrated into mature during metamorphosis. In previous works, system longitudinal fibers (connectives) transverse axons...

Abstract The anterior visual pathway (AVP) conducts information from the medulla of optic lobe via tubercle (AOTU) and bulb (BU) to ellipsoid body (EB) central complex. anatomically defined neuron classes connecting AOTU, BU, EB represent discrete lineages, genetically developmentally specified sets cells derived common progenitors (Omoto et al., Current Biology, 27, 1098–1110, 2017). In this article, we have analyzed formation AVP early larval adult stages. immature fiber tracts AVP, formed...

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ABSTRACT The Drosophila brain consists of a relatively small number invariant, genetically determined lineages which provide model to study the relationship between gene function and neuronal architecture. In following this long‐term goal, we reconstruct morphology (projection pattern connectivity) expression patterns throughout development. article, focus on secondary phase lineage morphogenesis, from reactivation neuroblast proliferation in first larval instar time when ends axon tracts...

SUMMARY To maintain stable flight, animals continuously perform trimming adjustments to compensate for internal and external perturbations. Whereas use many different sensory modalities detect such perturbations, insects rely extensively on optic flow modify their motor output remain course. We studied this behavior in the fruit fly, Drosophila melanogaster , by exploiting optomotor response, a robust reflex which an animal steers so as minimize magnitude of rotatory it perceives. behavioral...

Summary Recent work in Drosophila has uncovered several neighboring classes of sleep-regulatory neurons within the central complex. However, logic connectivity and network motifs remains limited by incomplete examination relevant cell types. Using a recent genetic-anatomical classification ellipsoid body ring neurons, we conducted thermogenetic screen to assess sleep/wake behavior discovered two opposing populations: sleep-promoting R3m wake-promoting R3d neurons. Activation these influences...

The aims of this study were to optimize the experimental conditions for labeling extracellularly oriented, solvent-exposed cysteine residues γ-aminobutyric acid transporter 1 (GAT1) with membrane-impermeant sulfhydryl reagent [2-(trimethylammonium)ethyl]methanethiosulfonate (MTSET) and characterize functional pharmacological consequences on steady-state presteady-state kinetic properties. We expressed human GAT1 in Xenopus laevis oocytes used radiotracer electrophysiological methods assay...

The clumped distribution of resources in the world has influenced pattern foraging behavior since origins life, selecting for a common locomotor search motif which straight movements through resource-poor regions alternate with zig -zag exploration resource-rich domains. For example, flies execute rapid changes flight heading called body saccades during local search, but suppress these turns long-distance dispersal or when surging upwind after encountering an attractive odor plume. Here, we...

SUMMARY Many insects use patterns of polarized light in the sky to orient and navigate. Here we functionally characterize neural circuitry fruit fly, Drosophila melanogaster , that conveys signals from eye central complex, a brain region essential for fly’s sense direction. Neurons tuned angle polarization ultraviolet are found throughout anterior visual pathway, connecting optic lobes with complex via tubercle bulb, homologous organization ‘sky compass’ pathways described other insects. We...

Abstract The central complex (CX) is a midline-situated collection of neuropil compartments in the arthropod brain, implicated higher-order processes such as goal-directed navigation. Here, we provide systematic genetic-neuroanatomical analysis ellipsoid body (EB), compartment which represents major afferent portal Drosophila CX. volume EB, along with its prominent input compartment, called bulb, subdivided into precisely tessellated domains, distinguishable based on intensity global marker...