Lakes have played a critical role in providing water and ecosystem services for people other organisms China millennia. However, accelerating climate change economic boom resulted unprecedented changes these valuable lakes. Using Landsat images covering the entity of country, we explored China's lakes associated driving forces over last 30 years (i.e. mid-1980s to 2015). We discovered that changed with divergent regional trends: sparsely populated Tibetan Plateau, are abundant lake area has...

Abstract The authors’ previous dynamical study has suggested a link between the Indian and Pacific Ocean interannual climate variations through transport of Indonesian Throughflow. In this study, consistency oceanic channel with observations is investigated using correlation analyses observed ocean temperature, sea surface height, wind data. show significant lag correlations temperature anomalies (SSTA) in southeastern tropical fall those eastern cold tongue following summer seasons,...

Abstract Controlled numerical experiments using ocean-only and ocean–atmosphere coupled general circulation models show that interannual sea level depression in the eastern Indian Ocean during dipole (IOD) events forces enhanced Indonesian Throughflow (ITF) to transport warm water from upper-equatorial Pacific Ocean. The produces elevation of thermocline cold subsurface temperature anomalies western equatorial Ocean, which propagate induce significant evolution tropical oceanic atmospheric...

Abstract Satellite altimetry sea surface height measurements reveal high mesoscale eddy activity in the southeastern tropical Indian Ocean (SETIO). In this study, characteristics of eddies SETIO are investigated by analyzing 564 cyclonic (CE) tracks and 695 anticyclonic (AE) identified from a new version satellite data with daily temporal resolution. The mean radius, lifespan, propagation speed, distance CEs (AEs) 149 (153) km, 50 (46) days, 15.3 (16.6) cm s −1 , 651 (648) respectively. Some...

Long‐term variability in sea surface temperature (SST) the equatorial Pacific and its relationship with global warming were investigated using three SST data sets (Hadley Center Global Sea Ice Surface Temperature, extended reconstruction temperature, Kaplan), atmospheric fields from National Centers for Environmental Prediction/National Atmospheric Research reanalysis, subsurface Simple Ocean Data Assimilation set. A cooling mode cold tongue is evident all two periods: 1870–2007 1948–2007....

The Indian Ocean witnessed a weak positive dipole (IOD) event from the boreal summer to autumn in 2015, while an extreme El Niño occurred over tropical Pacific. This was different case 1997/98, when and strongest IOD took place simultaneously. analysis here suggests that unique sea surface temperature anomaly (SSTA) pattern of 2015 might have contributed year. had complex SSTA pattern, with warming central eastern Such combination classic (also known as cold-tongue Niño) recently identified...

Abstract The cold tongue mode (CTM) is the second EOF of sea surface temperature anomaly (SSTA) variability over tropical Pacific and represents out‐of‐phase relationship in SSTA between region elsewhere Pacific. A positive CTM characterized by warm rest Pacific, with conditions reversed for a negative CTM. coupled air‐sea mode, its long‐term most probably induced ocean dynamical processes response to global warming [ Zhang et al ., 2010]. This study focuses on specific associated possible...

Abstract The present study examines the interdecadal variability in lagged relationship between Indian Ocean Basin (IOB) and central Pacific (CP) ENSO events recent decades via observational data phase 6 of Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP6) model data. It is found that teleconnection winter-to-spring IOB CP a year later has changed since 2000. Prior to 2000, warming (cooling) triggered La Niña (El Niño) through wind anomalies over Indo-Pacific. However, interbasin connection...

Rapid climate warming, permafrost degradation and widespread vegetation improvement on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau (QTP) have caused carbon input via photosynthesis output through soil respiration to significantly increase in recent decades; thus, its role as a sink/source is unclear highly disputed, especially at different depths. In this study, we took Qinghai (northeastern QTP), with an area of 7.2 × 105 km2 (permafrost accounts for 52% land) elevation ranging from 1669 m 6548 m, study...

The temporal scaling properties of the daily 0 cm average ground surface temperature (AGST) records obtained from four selected sites over China are investigated using multifractal detrended fluctuation analysis (MF-DFA) method. Results show that AGST at all locations exhibit strong persistence features and different behaviors. differences generalized Hurst exponents very for series each site reflecting behaviors fluctuation. Furthermore, strengths spectrum weather stations indicate vary...

Abstract Remarkable interannual variability in the thermocline depth southern tropical Indian Ocean (STIO) is analyzed using reanalysis data during 1980–2017. Previous studies have shown that El Niño‐Southern Oscillation (ENSO) has a significant relationship with anomalies this region. We find both eastern‐Pacific (EP) and central‐Pacific (CP) ENSO important impacts on STIO variation. The positive negative phases of are induced by asymmetric forcings from two ENSO. EP‐El Niño CP‐La Niña...

Abstract The spatiotemporal characteristics of the winter-to-winter recurrence (WWR) sea surface temperature anomalies (SSTA) in Northern Hemisphere (NH) are comprehensively studied through lag correlation analysis. On this basis relationships between SSTA WWR and atmospheric circulation anomalies, El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO), interdecadal variability also investigated. Results show that occurs over most parts North Pacific Atlantic Oceans, but distributions distinctly different...

All previous studies of the winter‐to‐winter recurrence (WWR) sea surface temperature anomalies (SSTA) have focused on mean climatic characteristics. Here, interannual variability SSTA WWR in central North Pacific (CNP) is studied. The displays a strong CNP. relative roles atmospheric forcing and oceanic reemergence mechanism are investigated by comparing years non‐WWR years. Oceanic operates every year, following winter, however, depends not only entrainment but also forcing, which exhibits...

摘要: 利用1982-2006年NOAA/AVHRR归一化植被指数(NDVI)时间序列,结合植被、地形和气候等资料,研究新疆植被活动的年际变化及其季节差异。结果表明:过去的25年,占新疆植被面积27%的地区生长季(4~10月)NDVI显著增加(P<0.05),其中近一半地区年增加速率大于0.003,而显著减少地区的面积仅占4%。与20世纪80年代相比,21世纪初植被覆盖度较高地区(生长季NDVI > 0.3)的面积增加了5%,同时植被覆盖度较低区域(生长季NDVI<0.1)的面积下降了5%。不同季节的NDVI年变化趋势表明,秋季NDVI上升趋势极显著(P<0.01),并且增加速率最快(0.57%/a)。另外,不同植被类型NDVI的季节变化存在明显差异。草地和荒漠植被在春夏秋三季都显著增加;农作物在夏、秋两季增加显著且夏季增加速率最大(1%/a);森林NDVI仅在秋季呈显著增加趋势。因此,生长季的延长和生长加速是新疆植被活动增强的主要原因,而温度上升和夏季降水量的增加以及农业活动的加强可能是其主要的驱动因子。

Scaling behaviors of the global monthly sea surface temperature (SST) derived from 1870–2009 average data sets Hadley Centre Sea Ice and SST (HadISST) are investigated employing detrended fluctuation analysis (DFA). The fluctuations found to be strong positively long-range correlated at all pertinent time-intervals. value scaling exponent is larger in tropics than those intermediate latitudes northern southern hemispheres. DFA leads α = 0.87 over globe (60°S~60°N), hemisphere (0°N~60°N),...