A5081019681- Plasma Diagnostics and Applications
- Electrohydrodynamics and Fluid Dynamics
- Magnetic confinement fusion research
- Ionosphere and magnetosphere dynamics
- Dust and Plasma Wave Phenomena
- Laser-induced spectroscopy and plasma
- Magnetic Field Sensors Techniques
- Space Satellite Systems and Control
- Particle accelerators and beam dynamics
- Astro and Planetary Science
- Advanced Data Storage Technologies
- Plasma Applications and Diagnostics
- Atomic and Molecular Physics
- Cryptographic Implementations and Security
- Planetary Science and Exploration
- Vacuum and Plasma Arcs
- Metal and Thin Film Mechanics
- Solar and Space Plasma Dynamics
- Electrostatic Discharge in Electronics
- Inertial Sensor and Navigation
- Characterization and Applications of Magnetic Nanoparticles
- Fluid Dynamics and Turbulent Flows
- Aerosol Filtration and Electrostatic Precipitation
- Laser-Plasma Interactions and Diagnostics
- Laser-Matter Interactions and Applications
Universidad Carlos III de Madrid
2016-2025
Comunidad de Madrid
2023
Electric Propulsion Laboratory (United States)
2021
Universitat de Lleida
2021
Universidad Politécnica de Madrid
2004-2013
Polytechnic University of Puerto Rico
2009
Institute of Fundamental Technological Research
2008
Polish Academy of Sciences
2008
European Telecommunications Standards Institute
2003-2004
Massachusetts Institute of Technology
1992-1993
Abstract The 2022 Roadmap is the next update in series of Plasma Roadmaps published by Journal Physics D with intent to identify important outstanding challenges field low-temperature plasma (LTP) physics and technology. format same as previous representing visions 41 leading experts 21 countries five continents various sub-fields LTP science In recognition evolution field, several new topics have been introduced or given more prominence. These emphasis highlight increased interests...
The collection of electrons from the ionosphere is major problem facing high-power electrodynamic tethers. This article discusses a simple electron-collection concept which free most physical uncertainties associated with plasma contactors in rarefied, magnetized environment an orbiting tether. idea to leave exposed fraction tether length near its anodic end, such that, when positive bias develops locally with respect to ambient plasma, and for radius small compared both thermal...
A two-dimensional model of the expansion a collisionless, electron-magnetized, low-beta, current-free plasma in divergent magnetic nozzle is presented. The response investigated terms nozzle/plasma divergence rate, strength on ions, and Hall current at throat. Axial acceleration profiles agree well with those estimated from simple one-dimensional models. strong radial nonuniformity develops downstream. There separation between ion electron/magnetic streamtubes which leads to formation of,...
Particle-in-cell methods are used for ions and neutrals. Probabilistic implemented ionization, charge-exchange collisions, gas injection, particle-wall interaction. A diffusive macroscopic model is proposed the strongly magnetized electron population. Cross-field transport includes wall collisionality Bohm-type diffusion, last one dominating in most of discharge. Plasma quasineutrality applies except space-charge sheaths, which modeled taking into consideration secondary-electron-emission...
Plasma thrusters are challenging the monopoly of chemical in space propulsion. The specific energy that can be deposited into a plasma beam is orders magnitude larger than known fuels. constitute vast family devices ranging from already commercial to incipient laboratory prototypes. Figures merit propulsion discussed. processes and conditions differ widely one thruster another, with pre-eminence magnetized, weakly collisional plasmas. Energy imparted via either energetic electron injection,...
A paradigm for Hall discharge modeling is presented whereby only the time scale of lowest-frequency mode explicitly resolved. The ability such a low-frequency model to reproduce with excellent accuracy breathing demonstrated through comparisons fully time-dependent numerical model. Based on this formalism, an approximate linearized derived which essentially constitutes one-dimensional generalization classical zero-dimensional predator-prey highlights interaction standing plasma waves...
This paper provides perspectives on recent progress in the understanding of physics devices where external magnetic field is applied perpendicularly to discharge current. configuration generates a strong electric field, which acts accelerates ions. The many applications this set up include generation thrust for spacecraft propulsion and separation species plasma mass devices. These ExB plasmas are subject plasma-wall interaction effects as well various micro macro instabilities, devices, we...
A macroscopic model which accounts for the complex interactions between electrostatic, thermal, and kinetic effects in a Hall thruster is presented. The analysis establishes one-dimensional steady structure of flow as consisting an anode sheath, long electron free-diffusion region, with reverse ion flow, thin ionization layer, acceleration extends into plume. presents forward sonic point around exit can be either internal, smooth transition, or localized at channel exit. supersonic plume...
The interaction of the plasma discharge with ceramic walls a Hall thruster leads to recombination, energy losses, and extra electron collisionality. These three phenomena are included in one-dimensional axial model through source terms obtained from an auxiliary radial dynamics. Spatial solutions presented for different voltages wall materials, agree satisfactorily experimental data. parameters related effects investigated extensively. balance among Joule heating, wall-losses cooling, heat...
Three detachment mechanisms proposed in the literature (via resistivity, via electron inertia, and induced magnetic field) are analyzed with an axisymmetric model of expansion a small-beta, weakly collisional, near-sonic plasma diverging nozzle. The assumes cold, partially magnetized ions hot, isothermal, fully electrons. Different conditions beam at nozzle throat considered. A central feature is that positive thrust gain thruster intimately related to azimuthal current being diamagnetic....
An axisymmetric macroscopic model of the magnetized plasma flow inside helicon thruster chamber is derived, assuming that power absorbed from antenna emission known. Ionization, confinement, subsonic flows, and production efficiency are discussed in terms design operation parameters. Analytical solutions simple scaling laws for ideal conditions obtained. The then matched with a external magnetic nozzle order to characterize whole assess performances. Thermal, electric, contributions thrust...
The steady, collisionless, slender flow of a magnetized plasma into surrounding vacuum is considered. ion component modeled as mono-energetic, while electrons are assumed Maxwellian upstream. magnetic field has convergent-divergent geometry, and attention restricted to its paraxial region, so that 2D drift effects ignored. By using the conservation energy moment particles quasi-neutrality condition, ambipolar electric distribution functions both species calculated self-consistently, paying...
This paper presents a hybrid particle-in-cell (PIC) fluid approach to model the interaction of plasma plume with spacecraft and/or any nearby object. Ions and neutrals are modeled PIC approach, while electrons treated as fluid. After first iteration code, domain is split into quasineutral non-neutral regions, based on non-neutrality criteria, such relative charge density Debye length-to-cell size ratio. At material boundaries former region, dedicated algorithm ensures that Bohm condition...
Plasma detachment in propulsive magnetic nozzles is shown to be a robust phenomenon caused by the inability of internal electric fields bend supersonic ions along streamtubes.As result, most plasma momentum effectively ejected produce thrust, and only marginal fraction beam mass flows back.Detachment takes place even if electrons are fully-magnetized intimately linked formation local currents.The divergence angle 95%-mass flow tube used as quantitative performance figure...
A two-fluid model of the unmagnetized, collisionless far region expansion plasma plume for gridded ion thrusters and Hall effect is presented. The integrated into two semi-analytical solutions valid in hypersonic case. These are discussed compared against results from (exact) method characteristics; relative errors density velocity increase slowly axially radially order 10−2–10−3 cases studied. density, flux ambipolar electric field investigated. sensitivity analysis problem parameters...
A two-fluid 2-D model of the supersonic plasma flow in a propulsive magnetic nozzle (MN) is extended to include simple electron and ion thermodynamics study effects cooling thermal energy on expansion. faster rate seen reduce jet divergence, increase radial rarefaction, enhance detachment from closed lines. Ion converted directed kinetic by MN without mediation an ambipolar electric field, alters response plasma.
Experimental characterization of plasma properties along the magnetic nozzle an Electron CyclotronResonance thruster is presented here.A permanent magnet prototype and a solenoid are tested, whose main difference relies on field strength topology.A cylindrical Langmuir probe used to measure potential, density electron temperature.In set-up, Laser Induced Fluorescence diagnostics performed simultaneously with mean ion kinetic energy, Faraday gridded characterize angular beam.An effective...
Abstract An electron-cyclotron resonance thruster (ECRT) prototype is simulated numerically, using two coupled models: a hybrid particle-in-cell/fluid model for the integration of plasma transport and frequency-domain full-wave finite-element computation fast electromagnetic (EM) fields. The quasi-stationary response, EM fields, power deposition, particle energy fluxes to walls, performance figures at nominal operating point are discussed, showing good agreement with available experimental...
The collisionless, steady state expansion of a warm electron, cold ion plasma thruster plume into vacuum is studied with an electrostatic particle-in-cell model and globally-consistent boundary conditions that discriminate between reflected escaping electrons. As proof concept, several simulations are analyzed. Results from both two-dimensional planar axisymmetric plumes discussed. In particular, the electron anisothermal anisotropic behavior in recovered.
Abstract A kinetic paraxial model of a collisionless plasma stationary expansion in convergent-divergent magnetic nozzle (MN) is analyzed. Monoenergetic and Maxwellian velocity distribution functions upstream ions are compared, leading to differences the only on second higher-order moments. Individual collective mirror effects Collective ones small electron population since weak temperature anisotropy develops, but they significant all over nozzle. Momentum energy equations for electrons...
Numerical simulations of a magnetically shielded Hall effect thruster with centrally mounted cathode are performed an axisymmetric hybrid particle-in-cell/fluid code and partially validated experimental data. A full description the plasma discharge inside chamber in near plume is presented discussed, aim highlighting those features most dependent on magnetic configuration central cathode. Compared to traditional configurations, acceleration region mainly outside thruster, whereas high...
A macroscopic model of the interaction a plasma with two parallel, electron-emitting walls is presented. Zero Debye-length and total thermalization secondary electron emission (SEE) are assumed. The SEE treated as free beam within each thin, collisionless sheath, but part single population presheath. Plasma models three species result in sheath presheath, respectively. ion flow at presheath/sheath transition sonic, sound speed there determines relation between temperature confined...