Different theories conceptualise dyslexia as either a phonological, attentional, auditory, magnocellular, or automatisation deficit. Such heterogeneity suggests the existence of yet unrecognised subtypes dyslexics suffering from distinguishable deficits. The purpose study was to identify cognitive dyslexia. Out 642 children screened for reading ability 49 and 48 controls were tested phonological awareness, auditory discrimination, motion detection, visual attention, rhythm imitation. A...

In the present article, we introduce Nencki Affective Word List (NAWL), created in order to provide researchers with a database of 2,902 Polish words, including nouns, verbs, and adjectives, ratings emotional valence, arousal, imageability. Measures several objective psycholinguistic features words (frequency, grammatical class, number letters) are also controlled. The is adaptation Berlin List-Reloaded (BAWL-R; Võ et al., Behavior Research Methods 41:534-538, 2009), commonly used...

The Nencki Affective Picture System (NAPS; Marchewka, Żurawski, Jednoróg, & Grabowska, Behavior Research Methods, 2014) is a standardized set of 1,356 realistic, high-quality photographs divided into five categories (people, faces, animals, objects, and landscapes). NAPS has been primarily along the affective dimensions valence, arousal, approach-avoidance, yet characteristics discrete emotions expressed by images have not investigated thus far. aim present study was to collect normative...

The purpose of this study was to investigate the differences in brain organization motor control left- and right-handers whether early left-to-right handwriting switch changes cortical representation finger movements left right hemispheres. Echo-planar MR imaging performed 52 subjects: consistent (RH), left-handers (LH), subjects who had been forced at an age their left-hand preferences toward side. scanning during simple (flexion/extension index finger) complex (successive finger-thumb...

The variety of different causal theories together with inconsistencies about the anatomical brain markers emphasize heterogeneity developmental dyslexia. Attempts were made to test on a behavioral level existence subtypes dyslexia showing distinguishable cognitive deficits. Importantly, no research was directly devoted investigation structural correlates these subtypes. Here, for first time, we applied voxel-based morphometry (VBM) study grey matter volume (GMV) differences in relatively...

Abstract The neural basis of specific reading disability (SRD) remains only partly understood. A dozen studies have used voxel‐based morphometry (VBM) to investigate gray matter volume (GMV) differences between SRD and control children, however, recent meta‐analyses suggest that few regions are consistent across studies. We data collected three countries (France, Poland, Germany) with the aim both increasing sample size (236 controls) obtain a clearer picture group differences, further...

The Nencki Affective Word List (NAWL) has recently been introduced as a standardized database of Polish words suitable for studying various aspects language and emotions. Though the NAWL was originally based on most commonly used dimensional approach, it is not only way Another framework discrete emotional categories. Since two perspectives are recognized complementary, aim present study to supplement by addition categories corresponding basic Thus, 2902 from were presented 265 subjects, who...

The prevalence and long-term consequences of dyslexia make it crucial to look for effective efficient ways its therapy. Action video games (AVG) were implied as a possible remedy difficulties in reading Italian English-speaking children. However, the studies examining effectiveness AVG application suffered from significant methodological weaknesses such small sample sizes lack control group with no intervention. In our study, we tested how two forms training: based on phonological non-action...

The study investigated directional differences in interhemispheric transmission time using the VEPs method. Specificially we were interested whether there exists an asymmetry of information to and from hemisphere specialized its processing. Two type stimuli, specific for left right hemisphere, presented visual fields. latency between evoked potential components registered hemispheres ipsilateral contralateral stimulated hemifield compared. Interhemispheric was shorter when transferred...

In this article, the authors present a review of research on role 2 hemispheres in processing spatial frequencies. J. Sergent (1982a) postulated that differ their sensitivity to frequency characteristics sensory outputs which cognitive processes are performed. Specifically, she proposed right hemisphere displays greater efficiency than left low-spatial-frequency content visual image, whereas is better equipped deal with high The an extensive behavioral and electrophysiological studies whose...

Recent development of neuroimaging techniques has opened new possibilities for the study relation between handedness and brain functional architecture. Here we report fMRI measurements dominant non-dominant hand movement representation in 12 right-handed subjects using block design. We measured possible asymmetry total volume activated neural tissue two hemispheres during simple complex finger movements performed either with right or left hand. Simple consisted contraction/extension index...

Abstract We investigated whether phonological deficits are a consequence of magnocellular processing in dyslexic and control children. In Experiment 1, children were tested for reading ability, awareness, visuo‐magnocellular motion perception, attention shifting (sometimes considered as function). A two‐step cluster analysis the behavioural scores revealed four clusters Phonological awareness was correlated with (cluster ♯1) or detection ♯2), whereas ♯3. ♯4, all variables uncorrelated. 2,...

The manuscript reports a study on large sample (N = 170) of Polish speaking 8-13 year old children, whose brain activation was measured in relation to tasks that require auditory phonological processing. We aimed relate individual differences reading and spelling. found proficiency both spelling significantly correlated with the left ventral occipito-temporal cortex encompassing Visual Word Form Area which has been implicated automatic orthographic activations. Reading but not correlate...

Dyslexic and control children were tested in a visuomotor attentional task, which provides independent measures of the alerting, orienting conflict components system. Our results show that dyslexics are impaired with respect to controls component (resolution incongruent peripheral information), while alerting remain preserved. It excludes an overall impairment points more specific processing difficulty i.e. distributed attention strategy. Generally, dyslexic boys within range group, reaction...

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most frequent cause of dementia. For this reason, a simple, reliable, and inexpensive method early AD detection urgently required. The location neuropathological changes in patients indicates potential diagnostic utility olfactory tests. purpose study was to compare odor identification performance among Polish subjects define correlation between deficits cognitive impairment. Olfactory established patients, young elderly healthy using Pocket Smell Test....

Deception has always been a part of human communication as it helps to promote self-presentation. Although both men and women are equally prone try manage their appearance, strategies, motivation eagerness may be different. Here, we asked if lying could influenced by gender on the behavioral neural levels. To test whether hypothesized differences in brain activity related deceptive responses were caused differential socialization women, administered Gender Identity Inventory probing...