A5013482589- Marine and coastal ecosystems
- Ocean Acidification Effects and Responses
- Atmospheric chemistry and aerosols
- Marine Biology and Ecology Research
- Microbial Community Ecology and Physiology
- Odor and Emission Control Technologies
- Air Quality Monitoring and Forecasting
- Methane Hydrates and Related Phenomena
- Marine Bivalve and Aquaculture Studies
- Marine and fisheries research
- Microplastics and Plastic Pollution
- Cryospheric studies and observations
- Isotope Analysis in Ecology
- Polar Research and Ecology
- Atmospheric and Environmental Gas Dynamics
- Toxic Organic Pollutants Impact
- Oil Spill Detection and Mitigation
- Recycling and Waste Management Techniques
- Geological formations and processes
- Winter Sports Injuries and Performance
- Cephalopods and Marine Biology
- Atmospheric Ozone and Climate
- Coastal and Marine Management
- Cardiovascular and Diving-Related Complications
- Geology and Paleoclimatology Research
National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research
2019-2025
University of Tasmania
2017-2022
CSIRO Oceans and Atmosphere
2021
Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation
2021
Université de Toulon
2021
Aix-Marseille Université
2021
Australian Antarctic Division
2021
Antarctic Climate and Ecosystems Cooperative Research Centre
2020
Phytoplankton are the base of Antarctic food web, sustain wealth and diversity life for which Antarctica is renowned, play a critical role in biogeochemical cycles that mediate global climate. Over vast expanse Southern Ocean (SO), climate variously predicted to experience increased warming, strengthening wind, acidification, shallowing mixed layer depths, light (and UV), changes upwelling nutrient replenishment, declining sea ice, reduced salinity, southward migration ocean fronts. These...
Within the framework of Marine Ecosystem Assessment for Southern Ocean (MEASO), this paper brings together analyses recent trends in phytoplankton biomass, primary production and irradiance at base mixed layer summarises future projections. Satellite observations suggest that biomass mixed-layer has increased over last 20 years most (but not all) parts Ocean, whereas likely decreased same period. Different satellite models (Vertically Generalised versus Carbon Based Production Models) give...
Abstract Dimethyl sulphide (DMS) and methanethiol (MeSH) emissions from South Pacific surface seawater were determined in deck board Air‐Sea Interface Tanks during the Sea2Cloud voyage March 2020. The measured fluxes water to headspace (F) varied with mass type, lowest observed Subtropical Subantarctic waters highest Frontal waters. Measured DMS consistent calculated using a two‐layer model concentrations. MeSH:DMS flux ratio was 11%–18% across three types, confirming that MeSH may represent...
Anthropogenic impacts are increasingly affecting deep-sea environments, including seafloor sediment disturbances by bottom trawling and mining. Fieldwork in the 'Resilience Of Benthic Ecosystems to Sedimentation' (ROBES) project were conducted 2018–2020 on 400 m-deep Chatham Rise crest, eastern Aotearoa New Zealand. Water column turbidity data, traps near-seabed moorings benthic landers surficial sediments from multi-corers provided baseline post-impact information following an artificially...
Summary Primary production in the Southern Ocean is dominated by diatom‐rich phytoplankton assemblages, whose individual physiological characteristics and community composition are strongly shaped environment, yet knowledge on how diatoms allocate cellular energy response to ocean acidification (OA) limited. Understanding such changes allocation integral determining nutritional quality of subsequent impacts trophic transfer nutrients. Using synchrotron‐based Fourier transform infrared...
Abstract The goal of the Sea2Cloud project is to study interplay between surface ocean biogeochemical and physical properties, fluxes atmosphere, ultimately their impact on cloud formation under minimal direct anthropogenic influence. Here we present an interdisciplinary approach, combining atmospheric physics chemistry with marine biogeochemistry, during a voyage 41° 47°S in March 2020. In parallel ambient measurements composition seawater describe semicontrolled experiments characterize...
Abstract. High-latitude oceans are anticipated to be some of the first regions affected by ocean acidification. Despite this, effect acidification on natural communities Antarctic marine microbes is still not well understood. In this study we exposed an early spring, coastal microbial community in Prydz Bay CO2 levels ranging from ambient (343 µatm) 1641 µatm six 650 L minicosms. Productivity assays were performed identify whether a threshold existed that led change primary productivity,...
Iron (Fe) is a paradox in the modern ocean—it central to many life-critical enzymes but scarce across most surface waters. The high cellular demand and low bioavailability of Fe likely puts selective pressure on marine microorganisms. Previous observations suggest that heterotrophic bacteria are outcompeted by small diatoms for supply SubAntarctic Zone Southern Ocean, thereby challenging idea being more competitive than phytoplankton access this trace metal. To test hypothesis, incubation...
Abstract Benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene and xylenes can contribute to hydroxyl reactivity secondary aerosol formation in the atmosphere. These aromatic hydrocarbons are typically classified as anthropogenic air pollutants, but there is growing evidence of biogenic sources, such emissions from plants phytoplankton. Here we use a series shipborne measurements remote marine atmosphere, seawater mesocosm incubation experiments phytoplankton laboratory cultures investigate potential sources these...
Abstract. Future change in sea surface temperature may influence climate via various air–sea feedbacks and pathways. In this study, we investigate the of seawater biogeochemical composition on dependence number-based spray emission fluxes. The fluxes was investigated different water masses (i.e., subantarctic, subtropical frontal bloom) with contrasting properties across a range from ambient (13–18 ∘C) to 2 ∘C using circulating plunging jet generator. We observed significant increase total...
ABSTRACT Submarine canyons are important deep-sea environments and conduits for transferring accumulating sediment organic matter pollutants. Recent advances in observing, sampling, analyzing modern canyon transport systems illustrate near-seafloor dynamics highlight the potential roles of submarine transporting storing carbon, nutrients, contaminants deep sea, with implications ecosystems global carbon budgets. Kaikōura Canyon, offshore northeastern Te Waipounamu South Island, Aotearoa New...
In the Subantarctic sector of Southern Ocean, vertical entrainment iron (Fe) triggers seasonal productivity cycle but diminishing physical supply during spring to summer transition forces microbial assemblages rapidly acclimate. Here, we tested how phytoplankton and bacteria within an isolated eddy respond different dissolved Fe (DFe)/ligand inputs. We used three treatments: one that mimicked new DFe (Fe-NEW), another in which was supplied from bacterial regeneration particles (Fe-REG), a...
Abstract. Elevated dimethyl sulfide (DMS) concentrations in the sea surface microlayer (SML) have been previously related to DMS air–sea flux anomalies southwestern Pacific. To further address this, DMS, its precursor dimethylsulfoniopropionate (DMSP), and ancillary variables were sampled SML also subsurface water at 0.5 m depth (SSW) different masses east of New Zealand. Despite high phytoplankton biomass some stations, chlorophyll a enrichment factor (EF) was low (< 1.06), DMSP enriched...
Abstract. As the sea surface microlayer (SML) is uppermost oceanic layer and differs in biogeochemical composition to underlying subsurface water (SSW), it important determine whether processes SML modulate gas exchange, particularly for climate active gases. Enrichment of dimethyl sulfide (DMS) its precursor dimethylsulfoniopropionate (DMSP) has been reported SML, but remains unclear how this maintained whilst DMS lost atmosphere. To examine this, a comprehensive study source sink...
Microplastic particles (<5 mm) have been observed to be widely distributed in the oceans, from estuaries deep ocean trenches. While plastic pollution marine environment is a growing concern worldwide, relatively little known about microplastic distribution and accumulation on seafloor, particularly protected area (MPAs). The delimitation of MPAs frequently follow jurisdictional or political boundaries, however species, habitats ecosystems does not always these same confines. Likewise, do...
Our understanding of ocean–cloud interactions and their effect on climate lacks insight into a key pathway: do biogenic marine emissions form new particles in the open ocean atmosphere? Using measurements collected ship-borne air–sea interface tanks deployed Southwestern Pacific Ocean, we identified particle formation (NPF) during nighttime that was related to plankton community composition. We show nitrate ions are only species for which abundance could support NPF rates our semicontrolled...
Abstract. High-latitude oceans have been identified as particularly vulnerable to ocean acidification if anthropogenic CO2 emissions continue. Marine microbes are an essential part of the marine food web and a critical link in biogeochemical processes ocean, such cycling nutrients carbon. Despite this, response Antarctic microbial communities is poorly understood. We investigated effect increasing fCO2 on growth heterotrophic nanoflagellates (HNFs), nano- picophytoplankton, prokaryotes...
Abstract. Air-sea fluxes of dimethyl sulphide (DMS) and methanethiol (MeSH) from surface seawater in the remote Southern Pacific Ocean were measured three Air-Sea Interface Tank (ASIT) experiments during Sea2Cloud voyage March 2020. The 0.78 ± 0.44 ng m-2 s-1 0.05 0.03 for DMS MeSH, respectively, varied between reflecting different water mass types investigated, with lowest subtropical highest biologically-active sub-Tropical Front. Measured consistent calculated a two-layer model using...
The metabolism of phytoplankton cells is synchronized with the diel light cycle. Likewise, associated heterotrophic bacteria adjust their expression transporter- and catabolism-related genes to target dissolved organic matter released by cell. Dissolved combined carbohydrates (DCCHO) amino acids (DAA) are major products bacterial substrates. Here, we show that variations DCCHO DAA concentrations accounted for a significant turnover total carbon (TOC) pool (up 5.0%, at rate 0.37 μM C h–1)...
Abstract. Future change in sea surface temperature may influence climate via various air-sea feedbacks and pathways. In this study, we investigate the of seawater biogeochemical composition on dependence spray number emission fluxes. Dependence fluxes was investigated different water masses (i.e. subantarctic, subtropical frontal bloom) with contrasting properties across a range from ambient (13–18 °C) to 2 °C, using circulating plunging jet generator. We observed total concentration...
Understanding ocean-cloud interactions and their effect on climate requires that atmospheric new particle formation is characterized. Yet, the process of from marine biogenic gaz-phase emissions has not been evidenced in open ocean lower atmosphere, partly due to naturally low concentrations these particles remote oceanic places. Here we show, using ship-borne air-sea interface enclosures, are formed relation micro-biology present seawater. The chemical analysis newly clusters with...