Subjects with borderline personality disorder (N = 21) or traits 11) and nonborderline subjects closely related diagnoses 23) were interviewed in depth regarding experiences of major childhood trauma. Significantly more (81%) gave histories such trauma, including physical abuse (71%), sexual (68%), witnessing serious domestic violence (62%); less common those least the no diagnosis. These results demonstrate a strong association between diagnosis history childhood.

Clinical reports suggest that many adults who engage in self-destructive behavior have childhood histories of trauma and disrupted parental care. This study explored the relations between trauma, attachment, self-destruction, using both historical prospective data.Seventy-four subjects with personality disorders or bipolar II disorder were followed for an average 4 years monitored such as suicide attempts, self-injury, eating disorders. These behaviors then correlated independently obtained...

OBJECTIVE: This study examined 1) whether patients with chronic and recurrent anxiety depressive disorders and/or personality demonstrate improvement in their defense styles long-term dynamic psychotherapy 2) what the relationship is between style change symptomatic change. METHOD: Measures of (Defense Style Questionnaire) symptoms functioning were administered at regular intervals over course 3–5 years to adults who entered a naturalistic psychodynamic psychotherapy. With hierarchical...

• The Defense Mechanism Rating Scales (DMRS) measure the use of defense mechanisms based on clinical interview or life vignette data. Using nonprofessional raters observing videotaped psychodynamic interviews individuals with personality and affective disorders, median intraclass interrater reliability (I_R) scales was.36 but was.57 for group consensus ratings and.74 when related defenses were grouped into summary scales. When follow-up data vignettes rated, IR was.55 those...

Research suggests that defense mechanisms may underlie other aspects of functioning and psychiatric symptoms. The authors examined whether defenses change in accordance with the hierarchy adaptation during long-term dynamic psychotherapy such is associated outcomes on measures.Twenty-one adults depressive, anxiety, and/or personality disorders entered (mean=248 weeks) subsequent follow-along (mean duration, 5.1 years). Measures symptoms were gathered periodic interviews, external to therapy....

Pandemics and government-mandated quarantining measures have a substantial impact on mental health. This study investigated the psychological of COVID-19 crisis Italian residents during first week government-imposed lockdown role defense mechanisms as protective factors against distress. In this cross-sectional study, 5,683 Italians responded to an online survey assessing socio-demographics, overall distress, post-traumatic symptoms, using validated Symptom Checklist-90 (SCL-90; Derogatis,...

The psychodynamic concept of defense mechanisms is nowadays considered by professionals with various theoretical orientations great importance in the understanding human development and psychological functioning. More than half century empirical research has demonstrated impact defensive functioning well-being, personality organization treatment process-outcome. Despite availability a large number measures for their evaluation, only few instruments assess whole hierarchy defenses, based on...

Defense mechanisms are adaptative processes that related to mental health and psychological functioning may play an important role in adaptation distress, as well interventions. The present study aimed compare the use of defense their relationship symptoms across six countries. In a large-scale descriptive study, we collected data from community- based individuals (N=19,860) United States, Australia, Canada, Germany, Italy, Kingdom about experienced during early phase pandemic. We found...

The authors present preliminary psychodynamic findings from a naturalistic study of borderline personality disorder compared to antisocial and bipolar type II (depression with hypomania) affective disorder. An independent interview each subject was videotaped, which ratings were made the presence 22 defense mechanisms 11 conflicts. A factor analysis 81 subjects supported separation (splitting, projective identification) narcissistic defenses (devaluation, omnipotence, idealization,...

The authors compared 18 patients diagnosed as having borderline personality disorder with 102 orther diagnoses in a psychiatric emergency service. They found that 81 of 129 items obtained from the literature on were significantly more characteristic than other diagnoses. When these included Borderline Personality Scale they distinguished those not psychotic but angry, demanding, and difficult to interview; specific histories, interpersonal relationships, defenses, judgments functioning also...

This study empirically supported Antonovsky's predictions that a person's Sense of Coherence is implicated in coping with life stresses and psychological distress. scales accounted for as much variance criterion measures Life Events stressors, Depression, Anxiety did traditional locus control social support predictor measures. emerged useful additions studies personality characteristics personal reactions to distressing events.

In reviewing the evidence for validity of diagnosis borderline, four descriptions in literature seem to offer comprehensive criteria diagnosis. When are compared, a total 104 enumerated encompassing mental status, history, interpersonal relationships, defense mechansisms, and other judgments personality functioning borderline patient. Half these mentioned only one diagnostic descriptions. This apparent lack agreement over has three possible interpretations: (1) concept is an illusion; or (2)...

Defense mechanisms are psychological factors that influence emotional distress and quality of life. There a number measures assessing the construct defense mechanisms, but only few available instruments reflect gold-standard theoretical hierarchical organization defenses. We report on development novel 30 item self-report questionnaire, DMRS-SR-30, based parent instrument, Mechanism Rating Scales (DMRS). This study tested preliminary reliability validity Italian version DMRS-SR-30. first...

The number of forcibly displaced people has more than doubled over the past decade. Many fleeing are left in limbo without a secure pathway to citizenship or residency. This mixed-methods systematic review reports prevalence mental disorders migrants living limbo, association between and illness, experiences these high income countries. We searched electronic databases for quantitative qualitative studies published after January 1, 2010, on illness precarious HICs performed meta-analysis...

Following critiques that the DSM multiaxial system lacks psychodynamic information useful for treatment, an axis defense mechanisms was developed DSM-TV, including up to 7 individual defenses from a glossary of 27, and 3 predominant levels list 7. We tested feasibility, reliability, discriminability proposed axis. Clinician psychiatric resident volunteers were trained at two U.S. one Norwegian sites. After conducting initial interviews on 107 patients, they rated DSM-IITR axes, as did second...

The author compared a group of patients with borderline personality disorder groups subjects antisocial and bipolar II illness. lifetime prevalence at interview DSM-III major depression was high in all groups. Chronic demonstrated specific relationship to psychopathology. Prospectively, psychopathology predicted levels depressive anxiety symptoms. This reversed for symptoms disorder, suggesting that when disorders occur together, some features may arise differentiate both from those either alone.