Abstract The extent (determined by the repellency indices RI and c ) persistence water drop penetration time, WDPT) of soil (SWR) induced pines were assessed in vastly different geographic regions. actual SWR characteristics estimated situ clay loam at Ciavolo, Italy (CiF), sandy Culbin, United Kingdom (CuF), silty Javea, Spain (JaF), Sekule, Slovakia (SeF). For Culbin soil, potential also determined after oven-drying 60°C (CuD). two three pine species considered, strong ( Pinus pinaster...

Abstract In this paper we focused on the history of floods and extreme flood frequency analysis upper Danube River at Bratislava. Firstly, briefly describe marks found in region Bratislava, Slovakia, provide an account floods’ consequences. Secondly, analyzed annual maximum discharge series for period 1876-2012, including most recent June 2013. Thirdly, compare values T-year design computed with without incorporating historic (floods years 1501, 1682, 1787 into 138-year peaks). There are...

Abstract The aim of the study is to analyse changes and predict course mean monthly water temperatures Danube River at various locations for future. first part involves conducting a statistical analysis annual average air temperatures, discharges along River. examines long-term trends, in multiannual variability time series. second focuses on simulating using Seasonal Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (SARIMA) models nonlinear regression (NonL), based two RCP incremental temperature...

Abstract This paper aims to reveal the annual regime, time series, and long-term water temperature trends of Danube River at Bratislava, Slovakia, between years 1926 2005. First, main factors affecting river’s were identified. Using multiple regression techniques, an empirical relationship is derived monthly temperatures atmospheric Vienna (Hohe Warte), Austria, discharge Danube, some other as well. In second part study, in series The following evaluated: 1) average (To) (determined...

Understanding how daily air temperature characteristics are expected to evolve in the future is critical for all countries, as influences numerous societal sectors. Reliable estimates of extreme temperatures essential public health, agriculture, hydrology, engineering, and economic planning.In this study, long-term trends selected indices—average, minimum, maximum—were analyzed Hurbanovo Liptovský Hrádok climatological stations Slovakia over period...

Prediction of Water Quality in the Danube River Under extreme Hydrological and Temperature Conditions One requirements imposed by Framework Directive (WFD, 2000/60/EC) is to analyze predict how quality surface waters will evolve future. In assessing development a stream's pollution one must consider all sources understand water evolves over time. Flow temperature regime stream or river are main factors controlling extent which deterioration can propagate under constant input from sources....

Abstract The aim of the paper is to study spatial and temporal changes in magnitude, duration frequency high flows Danube basin. A hydrological series mean daily discharges from 20 gauging stations (operated minimally since 1930) were used for analysis discharges. flow events classified into three classes: pulses, small floods, large floods. For each year class, means peak discharges, number events, rate rising falling limbs waves determined. long-term trends annual time obtained analyzed...

This study aimed at the analysis and modelling of groundwater temperature water table in different regions Slovakia. In first part, long-term trends air soil/ground to a depth 10 m is presented. The average annual soil/groundwater temperatures depths were same but lower than by about 0.8 °C. trend soil up Slovakia showed that have risen 0.6 0.5 °C, respectively, per decade over past 30 years. second part daily 0.6–15 below surface. simple model was constructed based on one-dimensional...

Abstract Changes in runoff parameters are very important for Slovakia, where stream-flow discharges, being supplied by precipitation and groundwater runoff, preferentially influenced climatic conditions. Therefore, teleconnections between parameters, climate global atmospheric drivers such as North Atlantic Oscillation, Southern Pacific Quasi-biennial oscillation solar activity were studied the Nitra River Basin, Slovakia. Research was mostly based on records of 80 years (1931-2010)...

The long-term trends of yearly discharge time series and runoff variability at seven stations along the River Danube are identified. results statistical analysis indicate period around year 1860 was driest decade in central eastern Europe since 1840. In these years, mean annual air temperature lower by about 1 °C compared with 1990s. It is important to notice that two decades (around 1860s 1990s) instrumental era occurred very different conditions. 28–31 years; 20–21 14 as well 4·2, 3·6, 2·4...

Estimating Flash Flood Peak Discharge in Gidra and Parná Basin: Case Study for the 7-8 June 2011 We analyzed runoff its temporal distribution during catastrophic flood events on river (32.9 km 2 ) (37.86 of 7th 2011. The catchments are located Small Carpathian Mountains, western Slovakia. Direct measurements evaluation peak discharge values after such extreme emphasized paper including exceedance probabilities flows their causal flash rainfall events. In second part paper, plausible modeling...

Abstract The problem of understand natural processes as factors that restrict, limit or even jeopardize the interests human society is currently great concern. transformation flood waves increasingly affected and disturbed by artificial interventions in river basins. Danube River basin an area high economic water management importance. Channel training can result changes different hydrographic shapes compared with past. estimation evolution historical under recent conditions only possible...

Analyzing variations in streamflow over a long period is crucial from the perspective of water resources management and understanding impacts climate change on basin.Changes frequency, magnitude, seasonality hydrological extremes are anticipated consequences change.Statistical trend analysis identifies positive or negative within dataset, enabling projection prediction future projections.The objective this study to examine temporal changes magnitude minimum discharge series at four selected...

The aim of this paper is to investigate the statistical aspects multiannual variability precipitation at Hurbanovo station, Slovakia, over 140 years (1872–2011). We compare long-term annual for (Slovakia), Brno (Czech Republic), Vienna (Austria), and Mosonmagyarovar (Hungary) stations using autocorrelation spectral analysis methods. From point view, there no consistent trend in precipitation; only a has been detected. Consequently we identify changes distribution maximum daily during...

Abstract In the first part of this study, a flood wave transformation analysis for largest historical floods in Danube River reach Kienstock–Bratislava was carried out. For simulation (1899 and 1954) propagation, nonlinear river model NLN-Danube (calibrated on recent conditions) used. It shown that simulated peak discharges were not changed significantly when compared to their counterparts. However, hydrographs exhibit significant acceleration movement at between 5000 9000 m3 s-1. second...

Several hypotheses claim that more extremes in climatic and hydrologic phenomena are anticipated. In order to verify such it is inevitable examine the past periods by thoroughly analyzing historical data. present study, annual maximum runoff volumes with t-day durations were calculated for a 130-year series of mean daily discharge Danube River at Bratislava gauge (Slovakia). Statistical methods used clarify how changed over two (1876-1940 1941-2005). The conclusion volume regime during...

Abstract After a dry spring, in June 2020 several intense storms occurred at the headwaters of small basins Muráň and Zdychava rivers territory Muránska planina National Park (Slaná River basin, Slovakia). In first part study– according to hydrological survey made by authors after flash flood – peak discharge was reconstructed profiles. Next, waves were rainfall-runoff model NLC (non-linear cascade). The results modelling based on field investigations show that, despite extreme precipitation...