Iridium oxide is one of the most important catalysts for water oxidation. The atomic structure this catalyst remains unknown. We have studied anodically grown iridium films using Raman spectroscopy. In addition to deuteration and 18O substitution experiments, theoretical models were also constructed density functional theory interpret experimental data. material was characterized over a large potential range which included that oxygen evolution reaction (0.0–1.8 V). found be composed [IrO6]n...

The structure of anodic iridium oxide (IrOx) under water oxidation was explored using in situ Raman spectroscopy and theoretical calculations. Isotopic substitution experiments calculations confirmed formation an Ir[double bond, length as m-dash]O species during oxygen evolution reaction.

Oxygen evolution and catalyst corrosion were studied side by for electrodeposited MnOx catalysts. Measurements using a combination of electrochemical flow cell, atomic absorption spectroscopy, rotating ring disk electrode reveal high sensitivity oxygen manganese oxide toward the presence ions (alkali-metal cations anions) in electrolyte. The charge to radius ratio alkali-metal affected reactivity oxides was seen influence reaction under both potentiostatic potentiodynamic conditions, with...

Biosensors are innovative and cost-effective analytical devices that integrate biological recognition elements (bioreceptors) with transducers to detect specific substances (biomolecules), providing high sensitivity specificity for rapid accurate Point-of-Care (POC) quantitative detection of selected biomolecules. In the meat production chain, their application has gained attention due increasing demand enhanced food safety, quality assurance, fraud regulatory compliance demands. can...

A straightforward method for visualization and quantification of surfactant effectiveness within different electrolyte environments based on using reconfigurable Janus emulsions as novel optical probes is reported. More specifically, we investigated the effect types concentrations salt counter-ions surface excess commercial ionic non-ionic surfactants, namely sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) Tween 80 via in situ monitoring morphological reconfigurations biphasic comprising hydrocarbon...

We report the observation of dipole-forbidden, but quadrupole-allowed, one-photon transitions to high-Rydberg states in Rb. Using pulsed uv excitation ultracold atoms a magneto-optical trap, we excite $5s\ensuremath{\rightarrow}nd$ over range principal quantum numbers $n=27--59$. Compared dipole-allowed (E1) from $5s\ensuremath{\rightarrow}np$, these E2 are weaker by factor approximately 2000. also measurements anomalous $n{p}_{3/2}:n{p}_{1/2}$ fine-structure transition strength ratio for...

The connection of macrosystems with microsystems for in-line measurements is important in different biotechnological processes as it enables precise and accurate monitoring process parameters at a small scale, which can provide valuable insights into the process, ultimately lead to improved control optimization. Additionally, allows continuous without need manual sampling analysis, leading more efficient cost-effective production. In this paper, 3D printed microfluidic (MF) chip glucose...

Rigorous calculations of magnetic Feshbach resonances and Zeeman relaxation cross sections in an ultracold cold chromium gas are reported. This work presents the calculation such inelastic processes collisions atoms with large moments. Using our recently constructed accurate interaction potentials for dimer, we compute positions widths magnetically tuned optically trapped Cr gas. We find good agreement recent experimental data report that spin-change collision quickly increase decreasing...

We present rigorous quantum calculations for low-temperature collisions of OH(2Π) molecules with He atoms in the presence external electric and magnetic fields. show that fields less than 15 kV/cm can be used to enhance probability Stark relaxation OH (F1, J = 3/2, M f) by 3 orders magnitude. The inelastic cross sections display a pronounced resonance structure as function field strength. find rotationally excited become sensitive increasing rotational excitation. calculated total 4He−OH are...

We present a theoretical study of molecular-trap loss induced by collisions with slow atomic beams based on an explicit analysis collision kinematics in the laboratory frame and rigorous quantum description atom-molecule scattering external fields. The theory is applied to elucidate effects nonuniform magnetic optical trapping fields low-temperature OH ($J=3/2,{M}_{J}=3/2,f$) molecules $^{4}\mathrm{He}$ atoms. Our calculations quantify extent which both elastic inelastic cross sections are...

We report on calculations of the elastic cross section and thermalization rate for collision between two maximally spin-polarized chromium atoms in cold ultracold regimes, relevant to buffer-gas magneto-optical cooling atoms. calculate ab initio potential energy curves Cr2 van der Waals coefficient C6, construct interaction potentials colliding Cr explore effect shape resonances section, find that they dramatically affect rate. Our calculated value s-wave scattering length is compared...

We report calculations of Born-Oppenheimer potential energy curves the chromium-rubidium heteronuclear molecule ($^{52}\mathrm{Cr}$$^{87}\mathrm{Rb}$), and long-range dispersion coefficient for interaction between ground state Cr Rb atoms. Our calculated van der Waals (${C}_{6}=1770$ a.u.) has an expected error $3%$. The ${}^{6}{\ensuremath{\Sigma}}^{+}$ at its equilibrium separation a permanent electric dipole moment ${d}_{e}({R}_{e}=3.34\AA{})=2.90 D$. investigate hyperfine dipolar...

We report a combined experimental and theoretical study of collision-induced dipolar relaxation in cold spin-polarized gas atomic nitrogen (N). use buffer cooling to create trapped samples $^{14}\mathrm{N}$ $^{15}\mathrm{N}$ atoms with densities $(5\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}2)\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{12} {\mathrm{cm}}^{\ensuremath{-}3}$ measure their magnetic rates at milli-Kelvin temperatures. These measurements, together rigorous quantum scattering calculations based on...

An experimental arrangement involving a metal oxide cathode and windowless-channel electron multiplier has been used to place lower limit on the lifetime of elastic tachyonic decay. Our system was sensitive tachyons with proper masses greater than 1.1 keV we obtain 4.6 \ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{} ${10}^{13}$ years for mean life. The result gives lifetime, in tachyon proper-mass range about 1-10 keV, which is higher that obtained previously.

The variety and complexity of genetically modified organisms (GMOs) are increasing, which makes their detection harder than ever before. This impacts the traceability, safety, monitoring food. Current research indicates that GM crop technology may pose risks to human health environment. aim this study is development a LAMP-based GMO electrochemical device. LAMP amplification P-35S, P-FMV, T-NOS regions (three elements most often present in plants as part transgenic construct) done using...

NPK electrochemical soil sensors are essential tools for sustainable agriculture, enabling farmers to optimize nutrient management practices, improve crop productivity, and protect the environment future generations. Those designed primarily measure levels of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), potassium (K) in soil. These nutrients plant growth health, monitoring their can help fertilizer application yield, while minimizing environmental impact, effectively supporting precision agriculture...

We report the observation of dipole-forbidden, but quadrupole-allowed, one-photon transitions to high Rydberg states in Rb. Using pulsed UV excitation ultracold atoms a magneto-optical trap, we excite $5s \to nd$ over range principal quantum numbers $n=27-59$. Compared dipole-allowed (E1) from np$, these E2 are weaker by factor approximately 2000. also measurements anomalous $np_{3/2} : np_{1/2}$ fine-structure transition strength ratio for $n=28-75$. Both results agreement with theoretical...

In oxygen electrocatalysis, hydrous oxides are common occurrence but less studied part of electrochemical literature. Most these naturally form in situ during the reaction . The exact structure oxide, its catalytic properties and stability very critical to understanding nature real catalyst. This knowledge will allow us develop better catalysts based on iridium possibly reduce amount noble metal involved. We have built a setup for surface Enhanced Raman spectroscopy. deposited oxide Au....

Non noble metal " earth abundant electrocatalysts will significantly reduce the costs and make it possible to use electrochemical water splitting on a very large scale. catalysts can be an effective replacement even if their activities are fraction of counterparts. If these developed extent where operational lifetime would become comparable counterparts, part problem solved. Whether in acidic, alkaline or neutral media, catalyst corrosion remains significant challenge oxygen evolution. MnO 2...

Non noble metal " earth abundant electrocatalysts will significantly reduce the costs and make it possible to use electrochemical water splitting (electrolysis) on a very large scale. catalysts can be an effective replacement even if their activities are fraction of counterparts. If these developed extent where operational lifetime would become comparable counterparts, part problem solved. MnO 2 is well known for catalyzing oxygen evolution. A form x cluster catalyze oxidation in...