A5033410508- Antibiotic Resistance in Bacteria
- Bacterial Genetics and Biotechnology
- Glycosylation and Glycoproteins Research
- Bacteriophages and microbial interactions
- Escherichia coli research studies
- Vibrio bacteria research studies
- Bacterial biofilms and quorum sensing
- Enzyme Production and Characterization
- Polysaccharides and Plant Cell Walls
- Enzyme Structure and Function
- Helicobacter pylori-related gastroenterology studies
- Genomics and Phylogenetic Studies
- Immunotherapy and Immune Responses
- Carbohydrate Chemistry and Synthesis
- Toxin Mechanisms and Immunotoxins
- Antimicrobial Resistance in Staphylococcus
- Microbial metabolism and enzyme function
- Microbial Metabolites in Food Biotechnology
- RNA and protein synthesis mechanisms
- Biotin and Related Studies
- Reproductive tract infections research
- Clostridium difficile and Clostridium perfringens research
- Microbial Natural Products and Biosynthesis
- Peptidase Inhibition and Analysis
- Click Chemistry and Applications
Newcastle University
2016-2025
Oregon Medical Research Center
2021
Cancer Genetics (United States)
1997
Lyme disease is a multisystem disorder caused by the spirochete Borrelia burgdorferi A common late-stage complication of this oligoarticular arthritis, often involving knee. In ∼10% cases, arthritis persists after appropriate antibiotic treatment, leading to proliferative synovitis typical chronic inflammatory arthritides. Here, we provide evidence that peptidoglycan (PG), major component B. cell envelope, may contribute development and persistence (LA). We show has chemically atypical PG...
Peptidoglycan is the major structural component of Staphylococcus aureus cell wall, in which it maintains cellular integrity, interface with host, and its synthesis targeted by some most crucial antibiotics developed. Despite this importance, wealth data from vitro studies, we do not understand structure dynamics peptidoglycan during infection. In study have developed methods to harvest bacteria an active infection order purify walls for biochemical analysis ex vivo. Isolated vivo bacterial...
Upon nutrient limitation cells of the swarming soil bacterium Myxococcus xanthus form a multicellular fruiting body in which fraction develop into myxospores. Spore development includes transition from rod-shaped vegetative cell to spherical myxospore and so is expected be accompanied by changes bacterial envelope. Peptidoglycan shape-determining structure envelope most bacteria, including myxobacteria. We analyzed composition peptidoglycan isolated M. xanthus. While basic structural...
Methanobactins (mbs) are a class of copper-binding peptides produced by aerobic methane oxidizing bacteria (methanotrophs) that have been linked to the substantial copper needs these environmentally important microorganisms. The only characterized mbs those from Methylosinus trichosporium OB3b and Methylocystis strain SB2. M. produces second mb (mb-Met), which is missing C-terminal Met residue full-length form (FL-mb). as-isolated copper-loaded bind Cu(I). absence has little influence on...
Methane-oxidizing bacteria are nature’s primary biological mechanism for suppressing atmospheric levels of the second-most important greenhouse gas via methane monooxygenases (MMOs). The copper-containing particulate enzyme is most widespread and efficient MMO. Under low-copper conditions methane-oxidizing secrete small copper-binding peptide methanobactin (mbtin) to acquire copper, but how variations in structures mbtins influence copper metabolism species selection unknown. Methanobactins...
Helical cell shape is necessary for efficient stomach colonization by Helicobacter pylori, but the molecular mechanisms generating helical remain unclear. The centerline pitch and radius of wild-type H. pylori cells dictate surface curvatures considerably higher positive negative Gaussian than those present in straight- or curved-rod pylori. Quantitative 3D microscopy analysis short pulses with either N-acetylmuramic acid D-alanine metabolic probes showed that wall growth enhanced at both...
Peptidoglycan (PG) is essential in most bacteria. Thus, it often targeted by various assaults, including interbacterial attacks via the type VI secretion system (T6SS). Here, we report that Gram-negative bacterium Acinetobacter baumannii strain ATCC 17978 produces, secretes, and incorporates noncanonical d-amino acid d-lysine into its PG during stationary phase. We show editing increases competitiveness of A. bacterial warfare providing immunity against peptidoglycan-targeting T6SS effectors...
Significance Spirochetes pose a significant threat to human and animal health, yet little is understood about how these bacteria grow divide. We discovered that Lyme disease relapsing fever spirochetes elongate by synthesizing peptidoglycan, major component of the cell wall, in discrete zones are spatially regulated over cycle. Zones growth established previous generation mark future sites division next In contrast, other genera display nearly uniform wall synthesis, which commonly reported...
ABSTRACT Bacterial flagella play key roles in surface attachment and host-bacterial interactions as well driving motility. Here, we have investigated the ability of Caulobacter crescentus to assemble its flagellar filament from six flagellins: FljJ, FljK, FljL, FljM, FljN, FljO. Flagellin gene deletion combinations exhibited a range phenotypes no motility or impaired full Characterization mutant collection showed following: (i) that there is strict requirement for any one flagellins...
Glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) and GAG-degrading enzymes have wide-ranging applications in the medical biotechnological industries. The former are also an important nutrient source for select species of human gut microbiota (HGM), a key player host-microbial interactions. How GAGs metabolized by HGM is therefore interest has been extensively investigated model microbe Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron. presence as-yet uncharacterized GAG-inducible genes its genome related species, however, testament...
Peptidoglycan (PG) is an essential component of the cell envelope that maintains bacterial shape and protects it from bursting due to turgor pressure. The monoderm bacterium Staphylococcus aureus has a highly cross-linked PG with ~90% peptides stems participating in DD-cross-links up 15 peptide connected each other. These cross-links are formed transpeptidation reactions catalysed by Penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs) classes A B. Most S. strains have three housekeeping PBPs this function...
Imaging is increasingly used to detect and monitor bacterial infection. Both anatomic (X-rays, computed tomography, ultrasound, MRI) nuclear medicine ([
Understanding substrate specificity and identification of natural targets transglutaminase 2 (TG2), the ubiquitous multifunctional cross-linking enzyme, which forms isopeptide bonds between protein-linked glutamine lysine residues, is crucial in elucidation its physiological role. As a novel means analysis, we adapted phage display technique to select glutamine-donor substrates from random heptapeptide library via binding recombinant TG2 elution with synthetic amine-donor substrate....
Summary Upon ingestion of contaminated food, L isteria monocytogenes can cause serious infections in humans that are normally treated with β‐lactam antibiotics. These target isteria's five high molecular weight penicillin‐binding proteins ( HMW PBPs ), which required for peptidoglycan biosynthesis. The two bi‐functional class A PBP 1 and 2 have transglycosylase transpeptidase domains catalyzing glycan chain polymerization peptide cross‐linking, respectively, whereas the three B 1, 3...
Abstract Streptococcus pneumoniae is a major cause of life-threatening diseases worldwide. Here we provide an in-depth functional characterization LytB, the peptidoglycan hydrolase responsible for physical separation daughter cells. Identified herein as N -acetylglucosaminidase, LytB involved also in colonization and invasion nasopharynx, biofilm formation evasion host immunity previously demonstrated. We have shown that cleaves GlcNAc-β-(1,4)-MurNAc glycosidic bond building units. The...
Despite dogma suggesting that lipopolysaccharide/lipooligosaccharide (LOS) was essential for viability of Gram-negative bacteria, several Acinetobacter baumannii clinical isolates produced LOS- colonies after colistin selection. Inactivation the conserved class A penicillin-binding protein, PBP1A, a compensatory mutation supported isolation LOS-A. baumannii, but impact PBP1A not characterized. Here, we show absence causes septation defects and these, together with ld-transpeptidase activity,...
Carbapenem treatment failure associated with “superbug” infections has rapidly increased in prevalence, highlighting the urgent need to develop new therapeutic strategies. Antibiotic tolerance can directly lead but also been shown promote acquisition of true resistance within a population.
ABSTRACT Peptidoglycan hydrolases facilitate bacterial cell wall growth by creating space for insertion of new material and allowing physical separation daughter cells. In Escherichia coli , three peptidoglycan amidases, AmiA, AmiB AmiC, cleave septal during division. The LytM-domain proteins EnvC NlpD activate these amidases either from inside the or outer membrane: binds to cytoplasmic membrane-anchored divisome components FtsEX, ActS are membrane lipoproteins. Here we report...