A5084703171- Child Nutrition and Water Access
- Food Security and Health in Diverse Populations
- Poverty, Education, and Child Welfare
- Global Maternal and Child Health
- Iron Metabolism and Disorders
- Birth, Development, and Health
- Obesity, Physical Activity, Diet
- Breastfeeding Practices and Influences
- Gender, Labor, and Family Dynamics
- Nutritional Studies and Diet
- Agricultural Innovations and Practices
- Infant Development and Preterm Care
- Global Public Health Policies and Epidemiology
- COVID-19 Impact on Reproduction
- Indigenous Studies and Ecology
- GABA and Rice Research
- Mobile Health and mHealth Applications
- ICT in Developing Communities
- Urban Agriculture and Sustainability
- Food Safety and Hygiene
- Indigenous Health and Education
- Child Nutrition and Feeding Issues
- Agriculture Sustainability and Environmental Impact
- COVID-19 Digital Contact Tracing
- Human Rights and Development
London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine
2017-2025
University of London
2017-2023
Cambridge University Press
2023
New York University Press
2023
Equality Now
2022
Stanford University
2022
University College London
2015-2018
There has been limited decline in undernutrition rates South Asia compared with the rest of and one reason for this may be low levels household food security. However, evidence base on determinants security is limited. To develop policies intended to improve security, improved knowledge required. Household data were collected 2011 from a randomly selected sample 2,809 women reproductive age. The was drawn nine unions three districts rural Bangladesh. Multinomial logistic regression conducted...
There is scarce evidence on the impacts of food transfers, cash or women's groups sharing, dietary intakes, nutrition during pregnancy, when nutritional needs are elevated.
BackgroundAlmost a quarter of the world's undernourished people live in India. We tested effects three nutrition-sensitive agriculture (NSA) interventions on maternal and child nutrition India.MethodsWe did parallel, four-arm, observer-blind, cluster-randomised trial Keonjhar district, Odisha, A cluster was one or more villages with combined minimum population 800 residents. The clusters were allocated 1:1:1:1 to control group an intervention fortnightly women's groups meetings household...
Understanding of the patterns and predictors intra-household food allocation could enable nutrition programmes to better target nutritionally vulnerable individuals. This study aims characterise status determinants nutrient in Nepal. Pregnant women, their mothers-in-law male household heads from Dhanusha Mahottari districts Nepal responded 24-h dietary recalls, thrice repeated on non-consecutive days (n = 150 households; 1278 individual recalls). Intra-household inequity was measured using...
Background Undernutrition during pregnancy leads to low birthweight, poor growth and inter-generational undernutrition. We did a non-blinded cluster-randomised controlled trial in the plains districts of Dhanusha Mahottari, Nepal assess impact on birthweight weight-for-age z-scores among children aged 0–16 months community-based participatory learning action (PLA) women's groups, with without food or cash transfers pregnant women. Methods randomly allocated 20 clusters per arm four arms...
Abstract Objective To explore the factors affecting intra-household food allocation practices to inform development of interventions prevent low birth weight in rural plains Nepal. Design Qualitative methodology using purposive sampling barriers and facilitating improved maternal nutrition. Setting Rural Dhanusha District, Subjects We purposively sampled twenty-five young daughters-in-law from marginalised groups living extended families conducted semi-structured interviews with them. also...
Abstract Smallholder farmers are some of the poorest and most food insecure people on Earth. Their high nutritional economic reliance home‐grown produce makes them particularly vulnerable to environmental stressors such as pollinator loss or climate change which threaten agricultural productivity. Improving smallholder agriculture in a way that is environmentally sustainable resilient key challenge 21st century. Ecological intensification, whereby ecosystem services managed increase...
Abstract Objective To develop and validate a photographic food atlas of common foods for dietary assessment in southern Nepal. Design We created life-sized forty locally prepared foods. Between March June 2014, data collectors weighed portion sizes that respondents consumed during one mealtime then different collector revisited the household next day to record respondents’ estimations their previous day’s intakes using atlas. Validity was assessed by percentage error, Cohen’s weighted kappa...
Abstract Maternal anaemia prevalence in low‐income countries is unacceptably high. Our research explored the individual‐, family‐ and community‐level factors affecting antenatal care uptake, iron folic acid (IFA) intake consumption of micronutrient‐rich diets among pregnant women plains Nepal. We discuss how these findings informed development a home visit community mobilisation intervention to reduce pregnancy. used qualitative methodology by socio‐ecological framework, conducting...
Low birth weight (LBW, < 2500 g) affects one third of newborn infants in rural south Asia and compromises child survival, infant growth, educational performance economic prospects. We aimed to assess the impact on weight-for-age Z-score children aged 0-16 months a nutrition Participatory Learning Action behaviour change strategy (PLA) for pregnant women through women's groups, with or without unconditional transfers food cash two districts southern Nepal.The study is cluster randomised...
Background Women's groups using participatory methods reduced newborn mortality in rural areas of low income countries. Our study assessed a women's group intervention that focused on health, nutrition and family planning. Methods The was conducted three districts Bangladesh between October 2011 March 2013, covering population around 230 000. On the basis allocation for preceding cluster randomised trials, unions per district were randomly allocated to receive control clusters. Outcomes...
The increasing availability and capabilities of mobile phones make them a feasible means data collection. Electronic Data Capture (EDC) systems have been used widely for public health monitoring surveillance activities, but documentation their use in complicated research studies requiring multiple is limited. This paper shares our experiences designing implementing complex multi-component EDC system community-based four-armed cluster-Randomised Controlled Trial the rural plains Nepal, to...
BackgroundBolstering farm-level crop diversity is one strategy to strengthen food system resilience and achieve global security. Women who live in rural areas play an essential role production; therefore, we aimed assess the associations between women's empowerment diversity.MethodsIn this secondary analysis of cross-sectional data, used data from four cluster-randomised controlled trials done Burkina Faso, India, Malawi, Tanzania. We assessed using indicators Women's Empowerment Agriculture...
The Minimum Dietary Diversity for Women of Reproductive Age (MDD-W) indicator was validated as a proxy micronutrient adequacy among non-pregnant women in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). At that time, indeed, there insufficient data to validate the pregnant women, who face higher requirements. This study aimed minimum food group consumption threshold, out 10 groups used construct MDD-W, be population-level aged 15-49 years LMICs. We secondary quantitative 24-hour recall from 6...
Objective: To evaluate impacts of Shamba Maisha , a climate-smart agriculture intervention, on agricultural and nutrition outcomes people with HIV. Design: Secondary analysis parallel, non-blinded cluster-randomized controlled trial. Setting: Western Kenya. Participants: Clusters were clinics providing HIV services to >350 patients. Participants adults aged 18–60 years in patient support group, receiving antiretroviral therapy for ≥6 months, access land water source, moderate severe food...
Improving nutrition for all requires understanding how interventions influence inequalities within society. Intersectionality, which considers multiple disadvantages intersect, may offer more precise insight into the equity of these interventions. Using an intersectionality-informed approach and mediation with exposure-mediator interaction, we investigated participation in nutrition-sensitive agriculture tested 'UPAVAN' trial affected women's diets Odisha, India. We analysed cross-sectional...
Abstract Objective To outline the development of a smartphone-based tool to collect thrice-repeated 24 h dietary recall data in rural Nepal, and describe energy intakes, common errors researchers’ experiences using tool. Design We designed novel multi-pass recalls Nepal by combining use CommCare questionnaire on smartphones, paper form, QR (quick response)-coded list foods photographic atlas portion sizes. Twenty interviewers collected three non-consecutive days per respondent, with...
A trial of three nutrition-sensitive agriculture interventions with participatory videos and women's group meetings in rural Odisha, India, found improvements maternal child dietary diversity, limited effects on agricultural production, no women children's nutritional status. Our process evaluation explored fidelity, reach, mechanisms behind interventions' effects. We also examined how context affected implementation, mechanisms, outcomes. used data from intervention monitoring systems,...
Maternal and child undernutrition have adverse consequences for pregnancy outcomes morbidity mortality, they are associated with low educational attainment, economic productivity as an adult, human wellbeing. 'Nutrition-sensitive' agriculture programs could tackle the underlying causes of undernutrition. This study is a four-arm cluster randomised controlled trial in Odisha, India. Interventions follows: (1) agricultural extension platform women's groups viewing discussing videos on...
We estimate the effects of antenatal food and cash transfers with women's groups on household allocative behaviour explore whether these are explained by intergenerational bargaining among women. Interventions were tested in randomised-controlled trial rural Nepal, a food-insecure context where pregnant women allocated least adequate diets. show households enrolled transfer intervention 2-3 pp larger shares multiple foods (versus their mothers-in-law male heads) than control group....
The COVID-19 pandemic affected access to antenatal care in low and middle-income countries where anaemia pregnancy is prevalent. We analyse how health workers provided the factors affecting during Kapilvastu district western plains of Nepal. used qualitative quantitative methodologies, conducting eight semi-structured interviews with who pandemic, a questionnaire containing open closed questions 52 female community volunteers. Antenatal was severely disrupted pandemic. Health had find ways...