A5067496875- Seismic Waves and Analysis
- Meteorological Phenomena and Simulations
- Earthquake Detection and Analysis
- Seismology and Earthquake Studies
- Lightning and Electromagnetic Phenomena
- Particle Dynamics in Fluid Flows
- Aerodynamics and Acoustics in Jet Flows
- Landslides and related hazards
- Atmospheric aerosols and clouds
- Combustion and Detonation Processes
- Fluid Dynamics and Turbulent Flows
- Atmospheric Ozone and Climate
- Aeolian processes and effects
- Atmospheric chemistry and aerosols
- Fire effects on ecosystems
- Methane Hydrates and Related Phenomena
- earthquake and tectonic studies
- Precipitation Measurement and Analysis
- Geology and Paleoclimatology Research
- Computational Fluid Dynamics and Aerodynamics
- Radioactive contamination and transfer
- High-pressure geophysics and materials
- Geological and Geochemical Analysis
- Wind and Air Flow Studies
- Minerals Flotation and Separation Techniques
Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München
2015-2024
University of Padua
2019-2020
Abstract Volcanic lightning studies have revealed that there is a relatively long‐lasting source of very high frequency radiation associated with the onset explosive volcanic eruptions distinct from produced by lightning. This signal referred to as “continual radio (CRF)” due its nature. The discharge mechanism producing this was previously hypothesized be caused numerous, small (10–100 m) leader‐forming discharges near vent volcano. To test hypothesis, multiparametric data set electrical...
Abstract Pyroclast ejection during explosive volcanic eruptions occurs under highly dynamic conditions involving great variations in flux, particle sizes, and velocities. This variability must be a direct consequence of complex interactions between physical chemical parameters inside the plumbing system. The boundary such phenomena cannot fully characterized via field observation indirect measurements alone. In order to understand better eruptive processes, we conducted scaled controlled...
Abstract Explosive volcanic eruptions can produce vast amounts of ash made up mainly fragments magmatic glass, country rock and minerals < 2 mm in size. Ash particles forming from magma fragmentation are generated by several processes when brittle response accommodates (local) deformation stress that exceeds the capability bulk material to respond viscous flow. These span a wide range temperatures, occur inside or outside edifice involve all melt compositions. is then dispersed...
Abstract. We present a multi-sensor archive collecting spatial and temporal information about volcanic SO2 clouds generated by the 11 largest eruptions of this century. The detection monitoring are an important topic for aviation management, climate issues weather forecasts. Several studies focusing on single eruptive events exist, but no available at moment combines quantitative data from as many instruments. archived collocated vertical column density estimations three different satellite...
Abstract By injecting a mixture of gas and pyroclasts into the atmosphere, explosive volcanic eruptions frequently generate vortex rings, which are toroidal vortices formed by jet's initial momentum. Here, we report high‐speed imaging acoustic measurements rings sourcing from gas‐rich eruptive jets at Stromboli volcano (Italy). Volcanic (VVRs) form vent together with an compression wave, VVRs maximum rise velocity being directly proportional to amplitude inversely duration wave. The axial...
Abstract Explosive volcanic eruptions are associated with a plethora of geophysical signals. Among them, acoustic signals provide ample information about eruptive dynamics and widely used for monitoring purposes. However, mechanistic correlation signals, underlying source processes reasons short-term variations is incomplete. Scaled laboratory experiments can mimic wide range explosive eruption conditions. Here, starting (non-steady) compressible gas jets created using shock tube in an...
Many explosive volcanic eruptions produce underexpanded starting gas-particle jets. The dynamics of the accompanying pyroclast ejection can be affected by several parameters, including magma texture, gas overpressure, erupted volume and geometry. With respect to latter, craters vents are often highly asymmetrical. Here, we experimentally evaluate effect vent asymmetry on expansion behaviour jet directly above vent. geometries chosen for this study based field observations. novel element...
Abstract In a Strombolian volcanic eruption, bursting of pressurized gas pocket accelerates mixture and pyroclasts along conduit out vent. While ejection at the vent is subject direct geophysical measurements, key to eruption understanding, dynamics how moves in are not observable only partly understood. Here, we use analog, transparent shock tube experiments study particles under fast decompression vertical tube. Maximum particle exit velocity increases linearly with increasing energy...
Abstract Volcanic lightning detection has proven useful to volcano monitoring by providing information on eruption onset, source parameters, and ash cloud directions. However, little is known about the influence of changing eruptive styles generation charge electrical discharges inside column. The 2021 Tajogaite (La Palma, Canary Islands) provided rare opportunity monitor variations in activity continuously over several weeks using an electrostatic detector. Here we show that throughout...
The products of explosive volcanic eruptions, in particular, ash, can pose a severe hazard to, for example, international aviation. Detecting clouds and monitoring their dispersal is hence, the subject intensive current research. However, discrepancies between different available methods lead to detected cloud altitude with significant uncertainties. Here we show results an algorithm developed explicitly high vertical resolution detection by using Global Navigation Satellite System radio...
Explosive volcanic eruptions can generate ash and gas clouds rising to the stratosphere dispersing on a global scale. Such features are at origin of many hazards including aircraft engine damages, fallouts health threats. It is thus crucial, mitigate such hazards, monitor dispersion altitude. In this study, we use Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) Radio Occultation (RO) technique assess cloud altitude resulting from 2015 Calbuco's eruption. We find estimations based RO data in good...
Abstract Over the last decades, remote observation tools and models have been developed to improve forecasting of ash‐rich volcanic plumes. One challenge in these forecasts is knowing properties at vent, including mass eruption rate grain size distribution (GSD). Volcanic lightning a common feature explosive eruptions with high rates fine particles. The GSD expected play major role generating gas thrust region via triboelectrification. Here, we experimentally investigate electrical...
Real-time monitoring is crucial to assess hazards and mitigate risks of sustained volcanic eruptions that last hours months or more. Sustained have been shown produce a low frequency (infrasonic) form jet noise. We analyze the lava fountaining at fissure 8 during 2018 Lower East Rift Zone eruption Kīlauea volcano, Hawaii, connect changes in fountain properties with recorded infrasound signals from an array about 500 m using noise scaling laws visual imagery. Video footage reveals change...
Accurate predictions of volcanological phenomena, such as the trajectory blocks accelerated by volcanic explosions, require quantitative skills training. Large outdoor experiments can be useful to convey concepts processes students in an exciting way. Beyond fun aspects, these provide opportunity engage with physics projectile flight and help promote mathematical learning within Earth Sciences. We present a framework required interpret ballistic trajectories experiment known commonly...
Predicting the onset, style and duration of explosive volcanic eruptions remains a great challenge. While fundamental underlying processes are thought to be known, clear correlation between eruptive features observable above Earth's surface conditions properties in immediate subsurface is far from complete. Furthermore, highly dynamic nature inaccessibility events means that progress field investigation such slow. Scaled experimental investigations represent an opportunity study individual...
Explosive volcanic eruptions eject a gas-particle mixture into the atmosphere. The characteristics of this in near-vent region are direct consequence underlying initial conditions at fragmentation and geometry shallow plumbing system. Yet, it is not possible to observe directly sub-surface parameters that drive such eruptions. Here, we use scaled shock-tube experiments mimicking explosions order elucidate effects number conditions. As vents can be expected possess an irregular geometry,...
Abstract Infrasound (low frequency sound waves) can be used to monitor and characterize volcanic eruptions. However, infrasound sensors are usually placed on the ground, thus providing a limited sampling of acoustic radiation pattern that bias source size estimates. We present observations explosive eruptions from novel uncrewed aircraft system (UAS)‐based sensor platform was strategically hovered near active vents Stromboli volcano, Italy. captured eruption short‐duration explosions jetting...