In 2017, just one-fifth of all married women reproductive age reported using contraception in Kaduna state, Nigeria, while many more experienced unmet need for contraception. These realities drive risky fertility behaviours and compromise rights. This study explored the determinants low modern contraceptive uptake persistent among state. Nine focus group discussions were conducted with who met criteria need, had different levels access to Discussions confirmed that do not feel empowered make...

A significant number of women worldwide use periodic abstinence as their method family planning. Many them some type calendar-based approach to determine when they should abstain from unprotected intercourse avoid pregnancy; yet often lack correct knowledge during menstrual cycle are most likely become pregnant. simple natural planning (NFP) based on a fixed formula define the fertile window could be useful these women. This article reports results an analysis application window. large...

Abstract This paper examines housing adjustment choice of households in Kumasi, Ghana. When a household is dissatisfied with its housing, it can choose to move elsewhere, improve the current dwelling, or neither. Using data from 596-household survey collected 1996, logistic regressions are used examine determinants this choice. Results suggest that satisfaction and quality, plus some characteristics, influence undertaking (including moving improving). decides adjust, factors affecting...

A widespread phenomenon in many cities developing countries is using homes not only for shelter, but also income-generation through informal-sector activities. Using survey data from Kumasi, Ghana, I examine the characteristics of households that undertake such economic activities compared to those do not. Descriptive analyses socioeconomic characteristics, migration history, housing and location indicators, tenure are presented. Discriminant analysis comparing two groups used summarize...

Favorable client perceptions of provider’s interpersonal behavior in contraceptive delivery, documented clinic exit questionnaires, appear to contradict results from qualitative evaluations and are attributed clients’ courtesy bias. In this study, trained simulated clients requested services Ministry Health providers three countries. Providers excelled courteousness/respect Peru Rwanda; India, were less courteous respectful when the chose pill. Privacy two-way communication prevalent all The...

Objective To examine the long-term effectiveness and continuation of Standard Days Method (SDM)®, a fertility awareness-based method family planning that identifies 8–19 (inclusive) cycle as fertile window. On these days users avoid unprotected sexual intercourse to prevent pregnancy. The works best for women with cycles are usually in range 26–32 days, which is an important reason discontinuation first year use. authors determine if this continues be issue second third years Methods...

Virtually all the evidence on relationship between women's empowerment and use of contraception comes from cross-sectional studies that have emphasized macrosocial factors. This analysis tested whether literate illiterate women are empowered by an intervention designed to provide information addressing technical gender concerns expand contraceptive choice, evaluated effects decision-making power behavior. The data came a three-year quasi-experiment conducted in two comparable, yet not...

There is no guarantee that a successful pilot program introducing reproductive health innovation can also be expanded successfully to the national or regional level, because scaling-up process complex and multilayered. This article describes how integrate Standard Days Method (SDM) of family planning into existing Ministry Health services was scaled up nationally in Rwanda. Much success scale-up effort due systematic use monitoring evaluation (M&E) data from several sources make...

The standard approach for measuring unmet need family planning calculates actual, physiological and is useful tracking changes at the population level. We propose to supplement it with an alternate that relies on individual perceptions can improve program design implementation. proposed categorizes individuals by their perceived planning: real met (current users of a modern method), traditional no need, (those who perceive need), realize they have but do not use method). tested this using...

Ensuring adequate access to skilled birth attendants during and after childbirth is a key strategy reducing maternal newborn mortalities. Transportation difficulties in emergency situations continue be significant barrier accessing obstetric care, especially rural hard-to-reach areas. Emergency transport schemes (ETS) have been introduced various settings increase care reduce the second delay with varying degrees of success. This qualitative study assessed perceptions stakeholders...

Male involvement in maternal, newborn and child health contributes to better outcomes for women their children, especially restrictive societies. There is evidence that when men have understanding of women's needs, attitudes toward utilization maternal services, both men, are improved. Given the role as ultimate decision makers families northern Nigerian society, this study assessed determinants men's knowledge danger signs pregnancy continuum obstetric care, perceptions importance antenatal...

Men in northern Nigeria are considered the leaders and ultimate decision makers, including decisions about health-related behaviours of their wives children. Yet many men region consider pregnancy childbirth to be woman's domain (even if she cannot make related decisions), may not see a need educate themselves on issues. These dynamics directly influence demand for, utilization of, maternal, newborn, child health services. This study examines an intervention that educated married issues...

South Africa's tuberculosis burden is the third highest globally and closely associated with country's devastating HIV epidemic. The separation of TB services in primary healthcare Africa hampers case finding patients who are co-infected TB. This operational proof concept study assessed an approach to improving detection treatment by integrating management into care. intervention involved workforce re-engineering accompanied changes physical environment three facilities Gert Sibande...

Fertility awareness-based methods of family planning help women to identify the days cycle they should avoid unprotected intercourse prevent pregnancy. Therefore using fertility influences timing sexual activity, which may affect nature relationship. Data are used from clinical trials two – Standard Days Method and TwoDay determine frequency during cycle, determinants coital frequency. The mean study participants was similar that reported by users other methods. Results suggest increases...

Poor quality of health services and socio-cultural dynamics may severely limit utilization services. Facility committees were established in several states northern Nigeria to reduce these barriers. The charged with mobilizing communities, improving services, promoting maternal child This study assessed this intervention.To obtain a comprehensive picture facility committees' influence on we selected 33 facilities three (Jigawa, Kaduna, Kano) where the intervention was active. For each...

The study was designed to provide programmatic recommendations for interventions increase contraceptive prevalence in northern Nigeria. Family-planning use North-East and North-West regions of Nigeria has remained very low, despite years domestic donor investments. We examine respondents' perceptions their own need contraception specifically focus on young women because higher risk maternal mortality.

Afghanistan's health system is unique in that primary healthcare delivered by non-governmental organizations funded multilateral or bilateral donors, not the government. Given wide range of implementers providing basic package services, there may be performance differences service delivery. This study assessed relative technical efficiency different levels services and explored its determinants.Data envelopment analysis was used to assess three facilities (comprehensive, basic, sub-health...

Women were asked to report if they used another method, but not which method used, so we cannot distinguish between barrier use and withdrawal.

The Standard Days Method is a simple fertility awareness-based method of family planning that helps women identify the days each cycle when they are most likely to conceive. Couples who wish prevent pregnancy avoid unprotected intercourse on these days. was introduced in 13 sites Rwanda, nation with high level unmet need for planning. This first time into regular service delivery, without rigorous follow-up study setting. Users were identified from clinic records and participated interviews...