With the Clean Energy Package, European Union introduced concept of Renewable Communities: groups citizens, small and medium enterprises local authorities that decide to join forces equip themselves with systems produce share energy from renewable sources. The Italian legislation recently started an experimental phase in which communities receive incentivising tariff for produced shared within community. This paper faces problem creating a new community two steps. First, mathematical model...

In this paper, a methodology for evaluating the potential impact of Energy Communities (ECs) on medium-voltage (MV) distribution networks is presented. To account various configurations and scenarios ECs, stochastic approach has been developed; it based Monte Carlo simulation that generates variety EC configurations, varying size number new generators, points common coupling, primary energy sources in generation mix (wind, hydro, photovoltaics). The procedure proposed aim all possible could...

Off-grid power systems based on photovoltaic and battery energy storage are becoming a solution of great interest for rural electrification. The system is one the most crucial components since inappropriate design can affect reliability final costs. Therefore, it necessary to adopt reliable models able realistically reproduce working condition application. In this paper, different lithium-ion considered in process microgrid. Two modeling approaches (analytical electrical) developed...

Energy communities (EC) are expected to have a pivotal role reach European decarbonization targets. One of the key aspects is regulatory framework adopted by each Member State properly manage such new customers’ aggregation. The paper firstly provides an updated overview EC regulation, focusing on current Italian legislation. Next, novel methodology for design and management energy community initiatives proposed. procedure solves operation optimization problem calculate best size assets...

Renewable energy communities (RECs) are recently established legal entities that allow European citizens, local authorities and SMEs to cooperate in the generation, supply sharing of electrical from renewable sources. The competitiveness RECs with respect traditional market operators is not straightforward, investment a new REC has be carefully assessed. This paper presents methodology could support decision process citizens investing REC. main goal optimization production portfolio...

Energy Communities (EC) are becoming a major driver to foster the energy transition in Europe and regulatory framework adopted by each Member State (MS) plays key role for prosperous deployment of ECs. This paper is thus divided into two layers. The first layer this addresses current regulations introduced MSs regarding ECs, providing critical comparison solution used. second research concerns introduction Mixed Integer Linear Programming (MILP) optimization algorithm early studied some...

Opening the Balancing Markets (BMs) to Renewable Energy Sources (RES) and Battery Storage Systems (BESS) could support integration of RES in decarbonizing power systems; nevertheless, limited energy content BESS can reduce their reliability on BMs. A novel control strategy for revenue stacking behind-the-meter front-of-the-meter services a domestic prosumer equipped with photovoltaic production is presented this study. The aim maximize self-consumption economics while guaranteeing...

In the present paper, charging of an electric vehicles fleet is scheduled in order to provide power balance regulation grid. The starting e-cars can be optimized according predetermined limits set by users, adjust exchange profile aggregated fleet. Ancillary services are sold on Services Market. Therefore, analysis Italian Market provided check performance strategy proposed actual market requirements. this way, useful figures reader evaluate technical and economic viability approach.

Currently, distribution system operators (DSOs) are asked to operate grids, managing the rise of distributed generators (DGs), load correlated heat pump and e-mobility, etc. Nevertheless, they minimize investments in new sensors telecommunication links and, consequently, several nodes grid still not monitored tele-controlled. At same time, DSOs improve network’s resilience, looking for a reduction frequency impact power outages caused by extreme weather events. The paper presents machine...

This paper is devoted to describe the development, implementation and application of a novel procedure properly design electrification process in rural areas Emerging Countries (EC). The exploits bottom-up approach, i.e. target applications are related micro-grids satisfy electrical needs small communities. starts from microscopic data (i.e. single electric appliances) effectively catch customer bottom) it matches them with available energy sources area. In particular, tool named LoadProGen...

The paper describes the experimental activities developed in IoT Lab of Politecnico di Milano, focused on use energy storage systems for primary frequency control. is a multi-departmental devoted to design and test experimentally innovative algorithms TLC techniques smart user applications. In paper, an approach based Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) proposed order elaborate electric grid signal define "standard" oscillation, suitable represent Italian scenario. results obtained are exploited...

Battery energy storage systems are fundamental components in microgrids operations, therefore it is important to adopt models suitable properly evaluate the performance of these electrical systems. Different methodologies for battery modeling have been developed and tested this work: (i) Empirical model, which batteries described by analytic expressions not based on electrochemical processes; (ii) Equivalent circuit terms quantities. These approaches allow adapt model different technologies:...

The goal of this work is to evaluate the impact e-mobility charging processes on electric grid, in a real-life study case. An effective approach proposed increase energy consumption grid with respect both operation and efficiency. developed considering three different recharging technologies, slow (based domestic users), fast public stations), very enhanced stations). Furthermore, technologies distributions are evaluated (e.g. scenarios station deployment simulated). results show that could...

This paper reports the presentation of a Smart Grid architecture designed with respect to actual Italian scenario and ongoing be experimentally validated in distribution grid San Severino Marche Pilot, Italy. The main characteristics smart deployed are discussed two its innovative functionalities detailed: reconfiguration Medium Voltage (MV) Energy Storage Systems (ESSs) exploitation for ancillary services provision. Such introduced from both theoretical an experimental point view. Data...

The goal of the paper is to develop an online forecasting procedure be adopted within H2020 InteGRIDy project, where main objective use photovoltaic (PV) forecast for optimizing configuration a distribution network (DN). Real-time measurements are obtained and saved nine plants in database, together with numerical weather predictions supplied from commercial service. Adopting several error metrics as performance index, well historical data set one on DN, preliminary analysis performed...

Nowadays, the maximum generation that can be hosted by distribution grids and how to increase it without violating technical constraints are main concerns of DSOs. In this paper, a novel model (named Bricks approach) is discussed, designed estimate hosting capacity even in case uncertainties grid parameters or lack data. The proposed approach results particularly useful when not possible collect all necessary data for classical load flow based analysis, as studies relevant emerging countries...

Battery energy storage systems (BESS) are spreading in several applications among transmission and distribution networks. Nevertheless, it is not straightforward to estimate their performances real life working conditions. This work aimed at identifying test power profiles for stationary residential capable of estimating BESS performance. The proposed approach based on a clustering procedure devoted group daily according battery efficiency. By performing k-means large dataset load generation...

The work proposes a novel planning procedure to design the portfolio of Dispersed Generation in given area order exploit optimally locally available RES. objective is provide suitable indications Policy Makers useful develop more effective regional energy plans. developed approach applied on real life study case: electric distribution network supplying urban and neighbourhood Italian city Aosta.

In a liberalized energy market, policymakers cannot over-impose the deployment of new distributed generators, either in terms location or size/technology; on opposite, they are asked to promote incentives, penalties constraints order foster generation portfolio evolution fitting with need loads.<br />In paper, given local distribution grid, two-step procedure is proposed define most effective policy, willing drive proper portfolio, i.e., maximize renewable sources exploitation taking into...

In the paper, a novel Microgrid deployed in Leonardo Campus of Politecnico di Milano is described. The hosts Combined Cooling, Heating and Power plant (2 MW <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">el</sub> ) two backup generators (1.6 ), plus some smaller PV plants. advanced load management solution implemented based on Schweitzer Engineering Laboratories (SEL) components. It provides new capacity for facing network requirements case...

The penetration of electric vehicles (EVs) is quickly increasing. On one side, they are welcome to reduce the carbon footprint mobility sector. other hand, can have a negative impact on power system, given high requested rates at low or medium voltages. To prevent this, smart charging and vehicle-to-grid algorithms must be elaborated exploited. In this study, we propose an EV parking garage providing ancillary services Italian Balancing Market. average withdrawal estimated based real world...

Access to electricity is nowadays considered a necessity health and human dignity. Most of the people who do not have access are located in remote rural areas, where electrification costs often prohibitively high. Due relevant investments, planning operation require new strategies tools be developed capable manage effectively problem's specificity. Geographic Information Systems (GIS) significant potential for contributing necessary geospatial analyses visualization methods...