This paper presents a 4 × multiple-input–multiple-output (MIMO) antenna array for ultra-wide band (UWB) applications with 5.5 GHz wireless local area network (WLAN) rejection characteristics. The single UWB element consists of modified patch partial ground plane. WLAN has been rejected by etching U-shaped slot in the element. elements have arranged planar geometry where each is orthogonal to its adjacent A fan-shaped parasitic decoupler, that four strip lines connected central square-shaped...

This paper presents a novel two-element multiple input output (MIMO) reconfigurable antenna that can be switched among 600 MHz, 1.8, 2.4, 3.5, and 5.5 GHz bands. The proposed consists of two semi-circular ring-shaped strip-lines rectangular slot on the top conducting layer substrate U-shaped slot, etched bottom side substrate. Frequency characteristics have been achieved using single pole four throw radio frequency micro-electro-mechanical system switch. switch has installed in ground slot....

<title>Abstract</title> Seismic vulnerability in soft-storey reinforced concrete (RC) structures is a critical concern due to stiffness discontinuities, leading localized plastic hinge formation and premature failure under lateral loads. This study investigates the effectiveness of Galvanized Steel Welded Wire Mesh (GW Mesh) confinement enhancing ductility, strength, seismic resilience RC through experimental testing numerical modeling. The results demonstrated 14.29% increase strain...

Here, we propose a ground radiation antenna (GradiAnt) with circular polarization (CP) by applying the ground-mode tuning (GMT) technique to plane. We demonstrate that GradiAnt at an arbitrary location of plane can simultaneously excite two orthogonal modes same magnitude, and phase difference between be adjusted via GMT achieve CP in mobile antennas. The proposed viewed as combination electric coupler (J-type) magnetic (M-type) plane, both excited amplitude coupling-type. GMT, applied using...

A circularly polarized loop-type ground radiation antenna using a mode tuning (GMT) structure is proposed for Internet of Things (IoT) devices. The designed to excite two orthogonal modes equal magnitude on the plane. GMT consists an inductor and metallic strip that has been installed at edge plane obtain 90° phase shift between modes. generates left-hand waves in +z-direction right-hand −z-direction. was fabricated validate simulation results. measured −6 dB bandwidth 150 MHz axial ratio...

A loop type ground radiation antenna has been analysed using an equivalent circuit model in this study. The proposed selected such a way that the design parameters of can be mapped onto circuit. To demonstrate accuracy model, specific is designed full wave electromagnetic simulator and optimised simulator. simulation results are compared. Expressions return loss input impedance have also obtained. used to develop insight describe behaviour network antenna.

Abstract This paper proposes a wideband four-element multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) antenna operating in the millimeter-wave frequency band for 5G communications from 24.37–39.44 and 45.09–50.62 GHz. The design has been realized using Rogers 5880 substrate consists of T-shaped strip that is attached to top 50 Ω feeding line. Two microstrip lines are affixed at terminal points bent toward structure. These then extended by joining two additional L-shaped lines. On back, there partial...

ABSTRACT A dual band loop‐type ground antenna is proposed. Loop‐type feeding structures and capacitors have been employed to excite current loops for lower higher frequency bands. Resonance frequencies of both bands can be controlled using the capacitors. The requires minimal clearance easily installed in mobile devices. Measured results show good impedance matching radiation performance proposed antenna. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 58:666–668,

The performance of a loop-type ground radiation antenna was analysed based on its impedance level for an arbitrary location the plane. At corner plane, open capacitor configuration (i.e. PIFA type antenna) shows better performance, whereas with and shorted inductor is choice at middle optimum value determines plane proposed. idea demonstrated using 10 × 4.5 mm antenna, which fabricated 50 25 design intended mobile device applications operating in Bluetooth band.

The coupling mechanism of a loop‐type ground radiation antenna is investigated in this paper. We use the equivalent circuit model and full‐wave simulation to explain antenna. analyze effects various parameters on between element plane examine conditions for enhancing coupling. Based simulations with model, simulations, measurements, we propose optimal design considerations findings study will aid understanding antennas mobile devices.

ABSTRACT In this paper, an efficiency enhancement technique is proposed for a loop type ground radiation antenna on small sized plane whose resonance frequency of the fundamental mode significantly higher than operating frequency. The enhanced by matching with This was accomplished structure consisting wire and inductors installed at both edges rectangular plane. total length each fabricated 80 mm, which can be easily accommodated in rim mobile device. also increased bandwidth. measured...

A dual-band tunable-slot-type ground radiation antenna is proposed. The feeding structure consists of a coplanar waveguide and lumped capacitor to excite currents for first- second-order resonant modes the ground. frequencies both bands are controlled using series combination an inductor. proposed design may be attractive choice mobile devices owing its compact geometry tunable operating frequencies. measurement simulation results show good agreement, indicating impedance matching performance.

In this Letter, a circularly polarised loop-type ground radiation antenna has been proposed for internet of things (IoT) applications that use combination an inductor and capacitor in the resonance loop. The designed within 7 mm × clearance near left corner 60 30 plane. is placed at radiating loop to excite two orthogonal modes on authors propose polarisation can be controlled by varying inductances sections antenna. Employing approach, used section control phase difference modes....

In this study, optimum locations for a loop-type ground radiation antenna are evaluated C-shaped planes of two different sizes. To achieve good performance, the needs to be located such that it couples with dominant current mode plane. Antenna proposed using characteristic analysis planes. The measured bandwidths antennas at have more than twice cases in which coupled non-dominant modes. operating frequency is 2.45 GHz. Keywords: Characteristic Mode, Ground Radiation Antenna, Efficiency

A compact dual-band loop-type antenna is proposed in a small-sized ground plane for Internet-of-Things (IoT) applications. The element comprised of two adjacent resonance loops, excited by feeding loops at the back side substrate, to achieve independent control IoT applications 0.92 and 2.45 GHz, respectively. To improve radiation performance lower band, metal frames are adopted as ground-mode tuning structures generate new resonance, producing dual-resonance characteristics 0.9 GHz bands...

Abstract In this article, an antenna design using audio wire is proposed for a compact Bluetooth ear set. The length of the less than quarter wavelength in sets. Therefore, appropriate feed structure needs to be designed utilize as antenna. has been tuned inductor and impedance matching accomplished by loop‐type feeding with lumped capacitors. can used tune various lengths Full wave simulations are conducted observe effectiveness technique. measured simulated bandwidths good agreement....

The paper presents a novel application of ultra-wide band terahertz (THz) array as heat blocking structure. Standard antenna theory has been implemented in the design to achieve operating width more than 100 THz within infrared spectrum. significant gain and an acceptable radiation pattern across its bandwidth with 50 Ω termination, which makes it versatile for other applications. Readily available low-cost materials are used make cost effective. is simulated HFSS 13 fabricated using...