The anatomy of the feeding apparatus lemon shark, Negaprion brevirostris, is investigated by gross dissection, computer axial tomography, and histological staining. muscles ligaments head associated with are described. upper lower jaws suspended hyoid arch, which in turn braced against chondrocranium a complex series ligaments. In addition, various integument contribute to suspension stability jaws. dual jaw joint comprised lateral medial quadratomandibular joints that resist movement on one...

In suction feeding, a volume of water is drawn into the mouth predator. Previous studies feeding in fishes have shown that significant fluid velocities are confined to region within one width from mouth. Therefore, predator must be relatively close prey ensure capture success. Here, theoretical modelling combined with empirical data unravel mechanism behind on substrate. First, we approached problem theoretically by combining stream functions two sinks. Computational dynamics then applied...

Sharks are diverse and ecologically important predators also highly varied in their biology behaviour. Prior studies have posited basic relationships between body form lifestyle; previous investigations of shape sharks, however, been restricted to a few species, or measured dead which may show artefacts preservation distortion and/or require lethal sampling. Therefore, using non-lethal field methods, we examined fin group eight different shark species that co-occur coastal waters the Western...

Sharks have cartilaginous elements that support the jaws and are subjected to variable loads. The aim of this study was understand how these elements, hyomandibulae, respond compressive loads, describe structural level mechanical properties mineralized cartilage. Mechanical stiffness effective Poisson's ratio hyomandibular cartilage were measured in four species sharks (white-spotted bamboo, Chiloscyllium plagiosum; spiny dogfish, Squalus acanthias; sandbar, Carcharhinus plumbeus; dusky...

The diet of dusky smoothhound sharks, Mustelus canis, shifts over ontogeny from soft foods to a dominated by crabs. This may be accompanied changes in the skeletal system that facilitates capture and processing large bulky prey. hyoid arch, for example, braces jaws against cranium, generates suction prey intraoral transport. In this study, ontogenetic arch were investigated quantifying size, mineralization, stiffness determine whether increasingly stiffer cartilages are associated with...

Abstract Tessellated cartilage forms much of the skeleton sharks and rays, in contrast to most other aquatic vertebrates who possess a bone. Interestingly, many species rays also regularly generate exceptionally high forces execution day‐to‐day activities, such as when feeding on bony fish, mammals, hard‐shelled invertebrates. differs from types that they are covered by an outer layer small mineralized tiles (tesserae) connected fibrous connective tissue. Tesserae, therefore, hypothesized...

Abstract Dorsal fins of actinopterygian fishes are known to function varying degrees as stabilizers and propulsive elements that augment thrust from the caudal fin. However, little is about ability elasmobranchs control three‐dimensional conformation dorsal during swimming, which may alter force balance locomotion. In this study, fin was investigated in spiny dogfish, Squalus acanthias , swimming steadily at 0.5 0.75 BL s −1 using kinematics electromyography. Points on were tracked lateral...

White-spotted bamboo sharks, Chiloscyllium plagiosum, generate strong suction-feeding pressures that rival the highest levels measured in ray-finned fishes. However, hyostylic jaw suspension of these sharks is fundamentally different from actinopterygian mechanism, including more mobile hyomandibulae, with jaws and ceratohyal suspended hyomandibulae. Prior studies have proposed skeletal kinematics during feeding orectolobid indirect measurements. Here, we tested hypotheses using XROMM to...

The widely accepted phylogenetic position of Chondrichthyes as the sister group to all other living gnathostomes makes biomechanical analyses this special significance for estimates skull function in early jawed vertebrates. We review key findings recent experimental research on feeding mechanisms elasmobranchs with respect our understanding jaw depression gnathostome introduce possibility that ancestral mechanism was mediated by coracomandibularis muscle and hyoid coracohyoideus muscle,...

The goal of the Society for Integrative and Comparative Biology's Broadening Participation Committee (SICB BPC) is to increase number underrepresented group (URG) members within society expand their capabilities as future researchers leaders SICB. Our short-term 10-year was recruitment retention URG in by 10%. long-term 25-year membership through until demographic mirrors that US Census. plans accomplish this included establishment a formal standing committee, moderate budget support BPC...

The jaws and their supporting cartilages are tessellated in elasmobranchs exhibit an abrupt increase stiffness under compression. major jaw-supporting cartilage, the hyomandibula, varies widely by shape size extent of load-bearing role is hypothesized to be inversely related number craniopalatine articulations. Here, we test this hypothesis evaluating strength hyomandibular cartilage compression 13 species that represent all four jaw suspension systems (amphistyly, orbitostyly, hyostyly,...