• Induction of the pigments parietin and melanin by specific wavelength ranges solar radiation was studied in two widespread foliose lichens: ubiquitous sun-tolerant Xanthoria parietina, from which orange can be extracted living thalli acetone, naturally melanin-free shade-adapted specimens old forest species Lobaria pulmonaria. Parietin-free X. parietina L. pulmonaria were exposed to field under filter foils transmitting or absorbing natural UV-radiation (< 400 nm). Synthesis both depended...

Abstract This review is a first attempt to combine and compare spatial distribution of the three main water sources, rain, dew humid air, with water-related traits mainly epiphytic macrolichens in conceptual functional model. By comparing climatic lichenological knowledge, various effects dewfall, rainfall air on lichen morphology function are analyzed search for patterns. Although dew, rain cause hydration activate photosynthesis, these atmospheric sources influence shape lichens...

Alpine vascular plants seem to use other strategies in surviving a cold environment than reducing the reflectance level leaves. Pubescence alpine has small effect upon total reflectance, but may increase amount of photosynthetic active radiation within sheltered canopy. cushion like Silene acaulis, Diapensia lapponica and Loiseleuria procumbens maximize absorptance radiant energy with minimum heat losses, probably as an dense canopy structure. The young inflorescences Eriophorum vaginatum...

1. Exposure to high light intensities (250 and 1000 μmol photons m -2 s -l ) caused a rapid strong decline in F v /F M hydrated lichens. However, all species except the old-forest indicators Lobaria pulmonaria Evernia divaricata recovered original values of V within 2-3 days at 18 °C. 2. Lichen long ecological continuity, especially threatened Lobarion community, were most susceptible light, also evidence by increased chlorophyll degradation thalli with increasing PFDs. Usneion showed...

Abstract Lobaria pulmonaria and other members of the Lobarion were found to inhabit drainage channels below old large wounds on trunks various deciduous trees in stands long ecological continuity a forest reserve dominated by Picea abies southeastern Norway. Such richer minerals had higher pH than normal bark, which was covered with more acidophytic epiphytic communities, mainly Pseudevernion. Chemical microhabitat differentiation most clear edaphically poor sites. The restriction previously...

Abstract 119 investigated Quercus trunks and 67 species of lichens, 23 bryophytes 3 non-lichenized fungi are arranged by means the Minimum Spanning Tree analysis, resulting in four Lobarion communities one Parmelion community. is restricted to bark with pH &gt; 5.0 old forests. Ca-content strongly correlated; Ca seems originate from Ca-uptake through roots phorophyte. Within a single site soil also be responsible for variation Mg-content bark, being correlated Ca. The dominating source...

This paper aims to assess the influence of canopy cover on lichen growth in boreal forests along a regional forest gradient. Biomass and area gain, some acclimation traits, were assessed old-forest lichens Lobaria pulmonaria (L.) Hoffm., Pseudocyphellaria crocata Vain., Usnea longissima Ach. transplanted 110 days three successional Norway spruce ( Picea abies Karst.) stands (clearcut, young, old forest) repeated rainfall gradient (continental, suboceanic, Atlantic zones) Scandinavia. Lichen...

Abstract This study of elevation gradients lichen species richness in Nepal aimed to compare distribution patterns different life-forms, substratum affinities, photobiont types, and Nepalese endemism. Distribution lichens were compared with elevational shown by a wide range taxonomic groups plants along the Himalayan gradient between 200–7400m. We used published data on records 525 interpolate presence maximum minimum recorded elevations, thereby giving estimates at each 100-m band. The...

Cyanolichens ( Lobaria hallii , retigera scrobiculata Pseudocyphellaria anomala ) and cephalodial pulmonaria noncephalodial Platismatia glauca chlorolichens were sampled in dry open, mesic closed forests central British Columbia. Specific thallus mass (STM), water-holding capacity (WHC), percent water content at saturation, thickness of upper cortex, photobiont layer, medulla plus lower cortex measured. Whereas STM did not differ much between cyanolichens (9.8 ± 0.1 mg mass·cm –2 (8.0 ), had...

• Desiccation tolerance was quantified in four cyanolichens (Lobaria hallii, Lobaria retigera, scrobiculata, Pseudocyphellaria anomala), one cephalolichen pulmonaria) and chlorolichen (Platismatia glauca) from xeric mesic, open closed North American boreal forests. These sympatric epiphytes were exposed to 0%, 33%, 55% 75% relative humidity with or without medium light (200 μmol m−2 s−1) for 7 d. Permanent temporary photoinhibitory damage recorded as viability measures. All species tolerated...

Abstract The annual course of irradiance was recorded at two vertical and even-aged neighbouring Quercus stems, one rich in L. pulmonaria, without. Irradiance never exceeded 610 μmol photons m −2 s −1 the pulmonaria site, whereas -deficient site could experience 2 h daily 2000 , 6 above 1000 during a clear day early spring. Thalli were transplanted to these stems. During first 40 days (April–May), transplants developed severe chlorophyll degradation, substantial reduction maximal PS II...

ABSTRACT Synthesis of the cortical anthraquinone pigment parietin (= physcion) was studied in acetone‐rinsed, parietin‐free Xanthoria parietina thalli. UV‐B induced synthesis, which increased linearly with (log‐transformed) to highest applied level (1.8 W m −2 ). At natural levels (0.75 ), resynthesis occurred at a constant pace (106 mg d −1 ) during 14‐d period 220 µ mol s PAR. Under these conditions, 56% content prior extraction resumed, accounting for 10% total net carbon gain. In...

Summary 1. Species composition and biomass of epiphytic lichens varies along a complex environmental gradient from the ground to top forest canopy. It is not known if this gradient, considered be shaped by succession (age bark surface) climatic factors, also influenced invertebrate grazing. 2. To investigate grazing hypothesis, natural height ranges four old‐forest Lobaria species on tree trunks were quantified. These large foliose epiphytes with different secondary chemistry transplanted...

Pendulous lichens dominate canopies of boreal forests, with dark Bryoria species in the upper canopy vs. light Alectoria and Usnea lower canopy. These genera offer important ecosystem services such as winter forage for reindeer caribou. The mechanism behind this niche separation is poorly understood. We tested hypothesis that species‐specific sunscreening fungal pigments protect underlying symbiotic algae differently against high light, thus shape vertical gradient epiphytes. Three pale...