A5057701328- Geology and Paleoclimatology Research
- Geological formations and processes
- Isotope Analysis in Ecology
- Methane Hydrates and Related Phenomena
- Cryospheric studies and observations
- Pleistocene-Era Hominins and Archaeology
- Marine and environmental studies
- Archaeology and ancient environmental studies
- Oceanographic and Atmospheric Processes
- Marine Biology and Ecology Research
- Paleontology and Stratigraphy of Fossils
- Marine Bivalve and Aquaculture Studies
- Marine and coastal ecosystems
- Maritime and Coastal Archaeology
- Marine and fisheries research
- Microbial Community Ecology and Physiology
- Tree-ring climate responses
- Arctic and Antarctic ice dynamics
- Geological and Geochemical Analysis
- Climate variability and models
- Geological and Geophysical Studies
- Geophysics and Gravity Measurements
- Polar Research and Ecology
- Hydrocarbon exploration and reservoir analysis
- Coastal and Marine Dynamics
University of Exeter
2017-2025
Advisory Board Company (United States)
2022-2024
Phillips Exeter Academy
2021
Bangor University
2007-2017
Universities UK
2013
Scripps Institution of Oceanography
2009
University of Birmingham
2009
Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research
2009
Oeschger Centre for Climate Change Research
2009
Hydrologic Research Center
2009
The Medieval Climate Anomaly (MCA) was the most recent pre-industrial era warm interval of European climate, yet its driving mechanisms remain uncertain. We present here a 947-year-long multidecadal North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) reconstruction and find persistent positive NAO during MCA. Supplementary reconstructions based on climate model results proxy data indicate clear shift to weaker conditions into Little Ice Age (LIA). Globally distributed suggest that this is one aspect global...
The BRITICE‐CHRONO consortium of researchers undertook a dating programme to constrain the timing advance, maximum extent and retreat British–Irish Ice Sheet between 31 000 15 years before present. campaign across Ireland Britain their continental shelves, North Sea included 1500 days field investigation yielding 18 km marine geophysical data, 377 cores sea floor sediments, geomorphological stratigraphical information at 121 sites on land; generating 690 new geochronometric ages. These...
Two‐dimensional paleotidal simulations have been undertaken to investigate tidal and tide‐dependent changes (tidal amplitudes, current velocities, seasonal stratification, peak bed stress vectors) that occurred in the NW European shelf seas during last 20 ka. The test effect of shelf‐wide isostatic sea level by incorporating results from two different crustal rebound models, ocean‐tide variability setting open boundary values either fixed present state or variable according a global model....
Despite numerous investigations, the dynamical origins of Medieval Climate Anomaly and Little Ice Age remain uncertain. A major unresolved issue relating to internal climate dynamics is mode tempo Atlantic meridional overturning circulation variability, significance decadal-to-centennial scale changes in strength regulating last millennium. Here we use time-constrained high-resolution local radiocarbon reservoir age offset derived from an absolutely dated annually resolved shell chronology...
Marine sediment records from the north Icelandic shelf, which rely on tephrochronological age models, reveal an average ΔR (regional deviation modeled global surface ocean reservoir age) of approximately 150 yr for last millennium. These tephra-based models have not hitherto been independently verified. Here, we provide data that corroborate values derived these archives. We sampled youngest portion (ontogenetic a bivalve shell, Arctica islandica (L.), radiocarbon analysis, was collected...
Abstract We present an 8000‐year history spanning 650 km of ice margin retreat for the largest marine‐terminating stream draining former British–Irish Ice Sheet. Bayesian modelling geochronological data shows ISIS expanded 34.0–25.3 ka, accelerating into Celtic Sea to reach maximum limits 25.3–24.5 ka before a collapse with rapid marginal northern Irish Basin (ISB). This was and driven by climatic warming, sea‐level rise, mega‐tidal amplitudes reactivation meridional circulation in North...
Abstract Owing to the lack of absolutely dated oceanographic information before modern instrumental period, there is currently significant debate as role played by North Atlantic Ocean dynamics in previous climate transitions (for example, Medieval Climate Anomaly-Little Ice Age, MCA-LIA). Here we present analyses a millennial-length, annually resolved and marine δ 18 O archive. We interpret our record oxygen isotope ratios from shells long-lived bivalve Arctica islandica (δ O-shell),...
Integrated understanding of phasings within the climate system over last glacial cycle, and at higher frequencies, is inhibited because no absolute timescale for marine environment currently exists. This precludes identification forcings feedbacks, accurate temporal calibration radiocarbon reservoir effect, application as a proxy short-timescale ocean ventilation. has prompted search annually banded proxies in hope establishing an chronometer. We present annual growth band series from...
The spatial and temporal distribution of relative sea-level change over the northwest European shelf seas has varied considerably since Last Glacial Maximum, due to eustatic rise a complex isostatic response deglaciation both near- far-field ice sheets. Because pattern sea level changes, region is an ideal focus for modelling impact significant on tidal dynamics. Changes in dynamics influence range, location mixing fronts, dissipation energy, biogeochemistry sediment transport pathways....
Marine mollusc shells enclose a wealth of information on coastal organisms and their environment. Their life history traits as well (palaeo-) environmental conditions, including temperature, food availability, salinity pollution, can be traced through the analysis shell (micro-) structure biogeochemical composition. Adding to this list, DNA entrapped in carbonate biominerals potentially offers novel complementary proxy both for reconstructing palaeoenvironments tracking evolutionary...
In the eastern extremity of Isle Wight, near Bembridge, marine interglacial deposits occur at a variety different elevations. The highest these, Steyne Wood Clay, is an estuarine deposit that lies between 38 and 40 m o.d . rests on Bembridge Marls (Lower Oligocene). which had previously been assigned to post-temperate substage Middle Pleistocene interglacial, has now yielded diverse coccolith assemblage dominated by Gephyrocapsa oceanica G. caribbeanica absence both Pseudoemiliania lacunosa...
ABSTRACT The southernmost terrestrial extent of the Irish Sea Ice Stream (ISIS), which drained a large proportion last British–Irish Sheet, impinged on to Isles Scilly during Marine Isotope Stage 2. However, age this ice limit has been contested and interpretation that occurred Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) remains controversial. This study reports new ages using optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) dating outwash sediments at Battery, Tresco (25.5 ± 1.5 ka), cosmogenic nuclide exposure...