Recent studies with adults have suggested that amplification at 4 kHz and above fails to improve speech recognition may even degrade performance when high-frequency thresholds exceed 50-60 dB HL. This study examined the extent which high frequencies can provide useful information for fricative perception normal-hearing hearing-impaired children adults. Eighty subjects (20 per group) participated. Nonsense syllables containing phonemes /s/, /f/, /O/, produced by a male, female, child talker,...

In Brief Objective: Infants with hearing loss are known to be slower develop spoken vocabulary than peers normal hearing. Previous research demonstrates that they differ from normal-hearing children in several aspects of prelinguistic vocal development. Less is about the vocalizations early-identified infants access current technologies. This longitudinal study documents changes varying degrees loss, compared a group It was hypothesized would demonstrate phonetic delays and selected learning...

In this study, the influence of stimulus context and audibility on sentence recognition was assessed in 60 normal-hearing children, 23 hearing-impaired 20 adults. Performance-intensity (PI) functions were obtained for semantically correct anomalous sentences. For each participant, an index (AI) calculated at presentation level, a logistic function fitted to rau-transformed percent-correct values estimate SPL AI required achieve 70% performance. both types sentences, there systematic...

In Brief Objective The purpose of this study was to characterize the sensorineural hearing losses a group children and adults along three parameters important instrument fitting process: 1) audiometric configuration, 2) asymmetry loss between ears, 3) progression over several years. Design Audiograms for 248 60- 61-yr-old 227 6-yr-old were obtained from audiological database at Boys Town National Research Hospital. Based on right-ear air-conduction thresholds, configurations assigned one six...

By 24 mo of age, most typically developing infants with normal hearing successfully transition to the production words that can be understood about 50% time. This study compares early phonological development in children and without loss gain a clearer understanding effects early-identified children. A secondary goal was identify measures phonetic are predictors later speech outcomes.The vocalizations 21 12 were followed longitudinally over period 14 (from 10 age). Thirty-minute mother-child...

This study examined children's word learning in limited and extended high-frequency bandwidth conditions. These conditions represent typical listening environments for children with hearing loss (HL) normal (NH), respectively.

Objective The overall goal of this study was to determine the accuracy with which hearing-impaired children can detect inflectional morphemes /s/ and /z/ when listening speech through hearing aids. Design In first part a perceptual test developed equal numbers singular plural nouns spoken by both male female talker. Thirty-six normal-hearing (3 5 yr) were tested age at could perform without difficulty. second study, 40 bilateral sensorineural losses (5 13 while wearing personal Stimuli...

A two-part study examined recognition of speech produced in quiet and noise by normal hearing adults. In Part I 5 women 50 sentences consisting an ambiguous carrier phrase followed a unique target word. These were spoken three environments: quiet, wide band (WBN), meaningful multi-talker babble (MMB). The WBN MMB competitors presented through insert earphones at 80 dB SPL. For each talker, the mean vocal level, long-term average spectra, word duration calculated for words speaking...

In Brief Objective The goal of this study was to assess performance on a novel-word learning task by normal-hearing and hearing-impaired children for words varying in form (noun versus verb), stimulus level (50 60 dB SPL), number repetitions (4 6). It hypothesized that would be significantly poorer the subjects with hearing loss, increase both repetition, better nouns than verbs. Design Twenty 11 (6 9 yr old) participated study. Each child viewed 4-minute animated slide show containing 8...

In Brief Objective: This study examined rapid word-learning in 5- to 14-year-old children with normal and impaired hearing. The effects of age receptive vocabulary were as well those high-frequency amplification. Novel words low-pass filtered at 4 kHz (typical current amplification devices) 9 kHz. It was hypothesized that (1) the hearing would learn more than loss, (2) increase for both groups, (3) groups benefit from a broader frequency bandwidth. Design: Sixty 37 moderate sensorineural...

Purpose The purpose of the present study was to examine effect minimal hearing loss (HL) on children’s ability perform simultaneous tasks in quiet and noise. Method Ten children with HL 11 normal (NH) participated. Both groups ranged age from 8 12 years. categorized common words (primary task) while completing dot-to-dot games (secondary as well noise presented at 0 dB +6 signal-to-noise ratios (SNRs). It hypothesized that progression through would slow they encountered more difficult...

In this study, the authors assessed effects of phonotactic probability and neighborhood density on word-learning configuration by preschoolers with specific language impairment (SLI) typical development (TD).One hundred thirty-one children participated: 48 SLI, 44 TD matched age gender, 39 vocabulary gender. Referent identification naming were in a computer-based learning context.For referent identification, benefited from high probability, younger group also low density. contrast, SLI only...

Objective Children with moderate to severe hearing loss routinely use personal frequency modulated (FM) systems in the classroom improve signal noise ratio of teacher-directed speech notable success. Attention is now being given ability these children hear other students via aid (HA) microphone while using an FM system. As a result, variety system and HA combinations have been recommended for use. To date, there are no studies regarding efficacy FM/HA combinations. The purpose this study was...

This study examined the perceptual-weighting strategies and performance-audibility functions of 11 moderately hearing-impaired (HI) children, age-matched normal-hearing (NH) HI adults, NH adults. The purpose was to (a) determine children relative other groups (b) audibility required by each group achieve a criterion level performance. Stimuli were 4 nonsense syllables (/us/, /u∫/, /uf/, /uθ/). vowel, transition, fricative segments syllable identified along temporal domain, segment amplified...

To determine the effect of hearing loss (HL) on children's performance for an auditory task under demanding listening conditions and to digital noise reduction (DNR) that performance.Fifty children with normal (NH) 30 HL (8-12 years age) categorized words in presence or visual competitors, both. Stimuli were presented at 50 dB SPL a 0-dB signal-to-noise ratio. Children fitted behind-the-ear aids had DNR technology. When was activated, output decreased 4 dB, ratio increased 2 dB.Significant...

Probe-microphone measurements are a reliable method of verifying hearing-aid sound pressure level (SPL) in the ear canal for frequencies between 0.25 and 4 kHz. However, standing waves reduce accuracy these above Recent data suggest that speech information at up to 10 kHz may enhance perception, particularly children. Incident reflected components stimulus can be separated, allowing use forward (incident) as measure level. Two experiments were conducted determine if output provides valid...

To determine the rate of word learning for children with hearing loss (HL) in quiet and noise compared to normal-hearing (NH) peers. The effects digital reduction (DNR) were examined HL.Forty-one NH 26 HL grouped by age (8-9 years 11-12 years). learned novel words associated objects through a process trial error. Functions relating performance across trials calculated each child listening condition compared.Significant observed (older > younger) (quiet noise) HL. Significant status also...

This study examined the long- and short-term spectral characteristics of speech simultaneously recorded at ear a reference microphone position (30 cm 0° azimuth). Twenty adults 26 children (2–4 years age) with normal hearing were asked to produce 9 short sentences in quiet environment. Long-term average spectra (LTASS) calculated for concatenated sentences, selected phonemes within (/m/, /n/, /s/, /∫/, /f/, /a/, /u/, /i/). Relative position, LTASS showed higher amplitudes frequencies below 1...

Purpose The purpose of this study was to examine whether oral bilingualism could be an advantage for children with hearing loss when learning new words. Method Twenty monolingual and 13 bilingual were compared each other 20 normal on receptive vocabulary three word-learning tasks containing nonsense words in familiar (English Spanish) unfamiliar (Arabic) languages. We measured word the day training retention next using auditory recognition task. Analyses covariance used compare performance...

Children with hearing loss (HL) are known to have smaller receptive vocabularies than children normal (NH). This may be due, in part, of their reduced exposure new words and slower rate word learning. A necessary prerequisite lexical development is the detection conversation. The purpose this study was examine effects HL on children's ability detect presence nonwords within sentences that varied semantic acoustic context.Twenty-nine NH 16 between ages 7 13 years participated. listened short...

This study describes the development of an instrument designed to evaluate audiologic counseling skills. In simulated sessions, a trained actor portrayed parent, and ten graduate audiology students role-played sessions as audiologists informing “parent” that her infant has hearing loss. The were videotaped, three raters viewed taped while evaluating skills with new evaluation tool, Audiologic Counseling Evaluation (ACE). ACE was found have excellent internal reliability (α = .91)...

Objective: The objective of this study was to examine the relation between bandwidth and speech perception in normally hearing adults children at a single value Speech Intelligibility Index (SII). Design: SII meaningful nonsense sentences were held constant for each three bandwidths test hypothesis that would be equivalent condition. filtered produce conditions (low-pass cut-off frequency: 0.8, 1.25, 2.5 kHz) sensation level within adjusted similar (0.43–0.48). Sentences presented broadband...

Background: Fast- and slow-acting amplitude compression parameters have complementary strengths weaknesses that limit the full benefit of this feature to hearing aid users. Adaptive time constants been suggested in literature as a means optimizing benefits compression. Purpose: The purpose study was compare effects three release times (slow, fast, adaptive) on children’s adults’ accuracy for categorizing speech environmental sounds. Research Design: Participants were asked categorize or...

Objectives: Research suggests that the speech perception of children using bone conduction amplification improves if device is coupled to an implanted abutment rather than a softband. The purpose present study was determine benefit direct stimulation via limited small improvements in or similar greater benefits occur for other auditory tasks important learning and communication. Design: Fourteen (7 15 years age) with bilateral conductive three unilateral sensorineural hearing loss were...