A5031581951- Aluminum toxicity and tolerance in plants and animals
- Iron Metabolism and Disorders
- Trace Elements in Health
- Heavy Metal Exposure and Toxicity
- Heavy metals in environment
- Inflammatory Bowel Disease
- Orthopaedic implants and arthroplasty
- Silicon Effects in Agriculture
- Environmental Toxicology and Ecotoxicology
- Hemoglobinopathies and Related Disorders
- Nanoparticles: synthesis and applications
- Geochemistry and Elemental Analysis
- Orthopedic Infections and Treatments
- Plant Micronutrient Interactions and Effects
- Bone health and osteoporosis research
- Magnesium in Health and Disease
- Child Nutrition and Water Access
- Fluoride Effects and Removal
- Microscopic Colitis
- Air Quality and Health Impacts
- Folate and B Vitamins Research
- Arsenic contamination and mitigation
- Diatoms and Algae Research
- Total Knee Arthroplasty Outcomes
- Eosinophilic Esophagitis
University of Cambridge
2017-2025
Garvan Institute of Medical Research
2023
Bridge University
2022
MRC Human Nutrition Research
2010-2020
Medical Research Council
2009-2020
Moredun Research Institute
2019
East Carolina University
2015
St Thomas' Hospital
1997-2009
Boston University
2009
Jean Mayer Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging
2002-2009
NOD2, a NOD-like receptor (NLR), is an intracellular sensor of bacterial muramyl dipeptide (MDP) that was suggested to promote secretion the proinflammatory cytokine IL-1β. Yet, molecular mechanism by which NOD2 can stimulate IL-1β secretion, and its biological significance were heretofore unknown. We found through N-terminal caspase recruitment domain directly binds activates caspase-1 trigger processing in MDP-stimulated macrophages, whereas C-terminal leucine-rich repeats prevent...
Metal–organic framework nanoparticles (nanoMOFs) have been widely studied in biomedical applications. Although substantial efforts devoted to the development of biocompatible approaches, requirement tedious synthetic steps, toxic reagents, and limitations on shelf life solution are still significant barriers their translation clinical use. In this work, we propose a new postsynthetic modification nanoMOFs with phosphate-functionalized methoxy polyethylene glycol (mPEG–PO3) groups which, when...
Abstract The role of dietary silicon in bone health humans is not known. In a cross-sectional, population-based study (2847 participants), associations between intake and BMD were investigated. Dietary correlated positively significantly with at all hip sites men premenopausal women, but postmenopausal suggesting that increased associated cortical these populations. Introduction: Osteoporosis burgeoning economic issue. Agents promote formation are widely sought. Animal cellular data suggest...
Titanium dioxide is a common food additive of increasing interest in dietary intake studies and exclusion studies. Food labelling for titanium imprecise so method was developed its rapid determination foods using acid digestion inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICPOES). Twenty-five thought to contain were obtained. Based on preliminary studies, samples (500 mg) digested 18 mol l−1 H2SO4 at 250 °C 1 h then diluted 5.9 before by ICPOES 336.121 nm. Emission intensity...
<h3>Abstract</h3> Vertebrate limb morphology often reflects the environment, due to variation in locomotor requirements and other ecological traits. However, proximal distal segments may evolve differently each other, reflecting an anatomical gradient of functional specialization that has been suggested be impacted by timing bone condensation during ontogeny. Here we explore whether temporal sequence predicts capacity evolution generate morphological diversity between forelimb across more...
Ferritin, the major iron storage protein, has dual functions; it sequesters redox activity of intracellular and facilitates turn-over. Here we present high angle annular dark field (HAADF) images from individual hepatic ferritin cores within tissue sections, these were obtained using spherical aberration corrected scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) under controlled fluence. HAADF suggest a cubic morphology polycrystalline (ferrihydrite) subunit structure that is not evident in...
Iron deficiency is the most common nutritional disorder worldwide with substantial impact on health and economy. Current treatments predominantly rely soluble iron which adversely affects gastrointestinal tract. We have developed organic acid-modified Fe(III) oxo-hydroxide nanomaterials, here termed nano Fe(III), as alternative safe delivery agents. Nano absorption in humans correlated serum increase (P < 0.0001) direct vitro cellular uptake = 0.001), but not gastric solubility. The...
Exposure to persistent engineered nano and micro particles via the oral route is well established. Animal studies have demonstrated that, once ingested, a small proportion of such translocate from gastrointestinal tract other tissues. titanium dioxide widespread route, but only one study has provided indirect evidence (total analyses) absorption into blood stream in humans. We sought replicate these observations provide additional for particulate uptake.Human volunteers with normal...
Dietary microparticles are non-biological, bacterial-sized particles. Endogenous sources derived from intestinal Ca and phosphate secretion. Exogenous mainly titanium dioxide (TiO2) mixed silicates (Psil); they resistant to degradation accumulate in human Peyer's patch macrophages there is some evidence that exacerbate inflammation Crohn's disease (CD). However, whether their intake differs between those with without CD has not been studied. We aimed identify dietary microparticle intakes...
We have studied the relationship between metal ion levels and lymphocyte counts in patients with metal-on-metal hip resurfacings. Peripheral blood samples were analysed for subtypes whole cobalt chromium 68 (34 resurfacings 34 standard metal-on-polyethylene total replacements). All components radiologically well-fixed asymptomatic. Cobalt significantly elevated resurfacings, compared designs (p < 0.0001). There was a statistically significant decrease level of CD8 + cells...
Macrophages at the base of human gut associated lymphoid tissue (GALT), become loaded early in life with dark granular pigment that is rich aluminium, silicon, and titanium. The molecular characteristics, intracellular distribution, source this described. Laser scanning electron microscopy showed pigmented macrophages were often closely related to collagen fibres plasma cells GALT both small large intestine contained numerous phagolysosomes, previously described as granules, are dense...
Dietary Si (orthosilicic acid; OSA) appears important in connective tissue health, and although the sources intakes of are well established, its absorption is not. was measured from eight high-Si-containing sources: alcohol-free beer; OSA solution (positive control); bananas; green beans; supplemental choline-stabilised (ChOSA); monomethyl silanetriol (MMST); colloidal silica (CS); magnesium trisilicate British Pharmacopoeia antacid (MTBP). Two supplements were pre-selected following an...
Si may play an important role in bone formation and connective tissue metabolism. Although biological interest this element has recently increased, limited literature exists on the content of foods. To further our knowledge understanding relationship between dietary human health, a reliable food composition database, relevant for UK population, is required. A total 207 foods beverages, commonly consumed UK, were analysed content. Composite samples using inductively coupled plasma-optical...
A cup inclination angle greater than 45 degrees is associated with increased wear rates of metal on polyethylene (MOP) hip replacements. The same maybe true for (MOM) hips yet this has not been clearly shown. We measured the acetabular from plain radiographs, and whole blood ion levels using Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry 26 patients (mean Harris Hip Score 94 mean time post op 22 months) Birmingham Resurfacings. identified a threshold level 50 inclination. Below threshold,...
A cup inclination angle greater than 45 degrees is associated with increased wear rates of metal on polyethylene (MOP) hip replacements. The same maybe true for (MOM) hips yet this has not been clearly shown. We measured the acetabular from plain radiographs, and whole blood ion levels using Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry 26 patients (mean Harris Hip Score 94 mean time post op 22 months) Birmingham Resurfacings. identified a threshold level 50° inclination. Below threshold,...