Food manufacturing generates a considerable amount of leftovers. Garbage disposal could cause environmental and ecological issues. Nevertheless, it is often possible to convert waste into high-value usable goods. Researchers have combed through natural wastes discovered substances that be re-utilised address the One materials in marine chitin, which transformed chitosan. Chitosan biopolymer derived from non-toxic, biodegradable, biocompatible. Therefore, chitosan has wide range applications....

Nanostructured coatings offer great potential for various applications due to their superior characteristics that are not typically found in conventional coatings. This research aimed at developing a new and improved coating employs zinc oxide nanopowder as the agent achieve corrosion resistant properties coating. The project discusses on its behaviour of epoxy-zinc different media by measuring rate. Mild carbon steel was used substrate behavior mechanism mild investigated media, namely...

This study investigates the potential of rattan fiber, a by-product furniture industry, as feedstock for nanocellulose production. Cellulose nanocrystals (CNC) were extracted using double oxidation process that combined bleaching with ammonium persulfate (APS) treatment. The effects APS reaction time, pre-treatment and without bleaching, on crystallinity morphology CNC evaluated. Additionally, feasibility applying this extraction method to agro-industrial kenaf fiber was assessed. Fourier...

The effects of different coupling agents, silane aminopropyltriethoxysilane and maleic anhydride-grafted polypropylene (MAPP), on the mechanical properties (PP)/microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) composites were determined compared. with low filler loadings, up to 12 wt.%, prepared via melt-mixing in a twin screw extruder followed by injection moulding. All characterized tensile impact tests. It is observed that addition MCC slightly decreased strength but MAPP showed higher than composites....

The poor compatibility between a thermoplastic matrix and natural fiber reinforcement has been limitation in the optimization of fiber‐filled composites. Electron beam irradiation is used to modify structure materials. However, most researches have focused on effect after fabrication Hence, this study was aimed at investigating irradiated recycled polypropylene (i‐rPP) as compatibilizer (rPP) rPP were different doses before compounding process. matrices prepared by mixing unirradiated ratios...

This study shows the effect of using 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APS) and maleic anhydride-grafted polypropylene (MAPP) as coupling agent on composite RPP/MCC fiber. The compositions MCC were varied from 0, 2, 4, 8 12 wt%. compounded samples prepared into test specimens by injection moulding. composites with without characterized through mechanical testing flexural impact test. incorporation modified was found to increase modulus strength. indicates that addition 4 wt% MCC-APS MCC-MAPP...

Abstract The cyclic fatigue crack behavior of polyvinyl chloride (PVC), with (PVC‐M) and without (PVC‐U) chlorinated polyethylene (CPE) impact modifier, was studied. effect modifier upon growth rate threshold evaluated at frequencies 1, 7, 20 Hz. It shown that the addition CPE lowered stress intensity factor amplitude for (Δ K th ) PVC‐M compared to PVC‐U lower frequencies, became more pronounced frequency. At amplitudes (below Δ = 1 MPa·m 1/2 ), there a slight difference between rates U‐...

This study was initiated to introduce titanium dioxide (TiO <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</inf> ) nanoparticles as filler into polyvinyl chloride (PVC) and epoxidized natural rubber (ENR) blends by melt blending technique. Incorporation of TiO is believed enhance the physical mechanical properties PVC/ENR blends. The incorporation with then being exposed 0–150 kGy electron beam irradiation impart cross-linking between polymer...

Abstract A study of the influence water environments on cyclic fatigue crack behavior polyvinyl chloride (PVC), with (PVC‐M) and without (PVC‐U) chlorinated polyethylene (CPE) impact modifier was undertaken compared corresponding results in air. Two frequencies 1 7 Hz were applied to assess frequency behavior; a higher resistance threshold obtained increasing frequency. This trend is more significant water. However, this environment, deteriorated under conditions stress intensity factor...

In this study, the potential of irradiated recycled polypropylene (i-rPP), as compatibilizer for rPP reinforced with microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) composites, is evaluated. RPP/MCC various MCC loadings (5, 20 and 40 wt%) are compounded melt extrusion, followed by injection moulding. Before compounding, exposed to an electron beam irradiation at different doses (10, 20, 30 50kGy) then unirradiated added a ratio 90:10. The mechanical properties composites analyzed using tensile flexural...

Petroleum based packaging materials has raised environmental concerns due to its non-environmentally friendly degradation. Conventional plastic takes a long time degrade and remains in the waste dump. Since then, attention biodegradable plastics been heightened for greener Polylactic acid (PLA) is renewable polymer with mechanical properties comparable those of conventional plastics. This study aims improve thermal reducing cost PLA production by blending starch as filler epoxy palm oil...

Recycled polypropylene/microcrystalline cellulose (rPP/MCC) composites were prepared by adding different loadings of maleic anhydride grafted polypropylene (MAPP) coupling agent. The tensile, impact and morphological properties the investigated. obtained results show that tensile strengths significantly enhanced with addition MAPP loading from 2 to 5 wt%, as compared unfilled rPP/MCC composites. However, it was found at low filler content, amounts resulted in no appreciable change strength...

Cellulose nanocrystasl (CNC) were produced from oil palm empty fruit bunch (EFB) and pineapple leaf fibre (PALF) using double oxidation treatment comprising bleaching ammonium persulfate (APS) treatments. Different techniques used to characterise the extracted CNC. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectra confirmed formation of carboxyl group decreasing fractions non-cellulosic components. The CNCs both fibres show a better crystallinity index than raw fibre, also conform crystalline...

This study focuses on the micromechanical properties of polylactic acid (PLA) reinforced with kenaf fiber (KF) and organo-montmorillonite (OMMT) hybrid biocomposite by using nanoindenter. Nanoindenter is an analytical device that can record small load depth high accuracy precision which be used to determine modulus, hardness other mechanical nanomaterials. The result shows optimum elastic modulus were dominated PLA-KF-OMMT composite.

ABSTRACT Awareness of the sustainability environment has inspired many researchers to explore benefits renewable resources like plant-based fibre, which then introduces topic output green products. The potential polypropylene (PP) and polylactic acid (PLA) based composites with two types natural fibres, palm oil empty fruit bunch (EFB) microcrystalline cellulose (MCC), as a moisture absorbent or desiccant was investigated. PP PLA various contents EFB MCC fibres were prepared using an...

Effects of irradiated rPP compatibilizer, on the mechanical and thermal properties recycled polypropylene/microcrystalline cellulose composites (rPP/MCC), are investigated. is with an electron beam at dosages ranging from 10, 20, 30 to 50kGy. A matrix, containing unirradiated (50:50 by ratio), then added 5, 20 40wt% MCC fibres. The prepared using a twin screw extruder, followed injection moulding. characterized tensile degradation tests. improvement Young’s modulus up about 45% suggests...

Polyvinylidene Fluoride (PVDF) is a high purity thermoplastic fluoropolymer that has huge potential, been employed in numerous electronics, space, and aeronautics industries. The beta-phase of PVDF the most beneficial due to its superior piezoelectric pyroelectric properties, which are essential for high-performance applications. Thus, research on attaining critical. crystallinity could be enhanced by varying processing methods parameters, including electrospinning. Various researchers have...

The purpose of this research was to evaluate the influence dose level electron beam on compatibilization behavior recycled polypropylene (rPP) in rPP/microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) composites. Initially, rPP irradiated with various (5 kGy up 250 kGy) which then mixed unirradiated (u-rPP) at a ratio 30:70 respectively. composites were prepared by incorporating series wt% MCC fibers into (u-rPP : i-rPP) using extruder and finally moulded an injection moulding machine. compatibility (i-rPP)...

The unconventional electron beam (EB) irradiation route in preparing microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) fiber reinforced recycled polypropylene (rPP) composites was studied. In this route, the rPP first subjected to EB at various doses (10-50kGy) and then used as a compatibilizer. Unirradiated irradiated rPPs were blended two different ratios (90:10; 50:50) added with MCC contents of 5, 20 40wt%. Dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) water absorption tests carried out. DMA spectra exhibited high...