Abstract BACKGROUND Neonicotinoid insecticides have been identified as an important factor contributing to bee diversity declines. Nonetheless, uncertainties remain about their impact under field conditions. Most studies conducted on Apis mellifera and tested single compounds. However, in agricultural environments, bees are often exposed multiple pesticides. We explore the synergistic mortality between a neonicotinoid (clothianidin) ergosterol‐biosynthesis‐inhibiting fungicide...

Abstract The risk exposure of bee colonies to the toxicity systemic neonicotinoid insecticides was assessed. Various methods chemical prevention commercial winter and spring oilseed rape crops in field-realistic conditions were taken into account assessment. Pesticides applied accordance with actual agricultural practice. Commercial crop protection products thiamethoxam, clothianidin or imidacloprid used as seed treatment. Formulations containing acetamiprid thiacloprid for spraying. Fifteen...

Pollinators in agroecosystems are often exposed to pesticide mixtures. Even at low concentrations, the effects of these mixtures on bee populations difficult predict due potential synergistic interactions. In this paper, we orally newly emerged females solitary Osmia bicornis environmentally realistic levels clothianidin (neonicotinoid insecticide) and propiconazole (fungicide), singly combination. The amount feeding solution consumed was highest bees neonicotinoid, lowest mixture. Ovary...

Pesticide use is one of the main causes pollinator declines in agricultural ecosystems. Traditionally, most laboratory studies on bee ecotoxicology test acute exposure to single compounds. However, under field conditions, bees are often chronically exposed a variety chemicals, with potential synergistic effects. We studied effects field-realistic concentrations three pesticides measured pollen and nectar commercial melon fields solitary Osmia bicornis L. orally females this species...

Abstract The sulfoximine insecticide sulfoxaflor is regarded as a potential substitute for neonicotinoids that were recently banned in the EU due to their side effects on bees. Like neonicotinoids, acts competitive modulator of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors. In agricultural environments, bees are commonly exposed combinations pesticides, and known interact synergistically with fungicides. objective our study assess acute oral toxicity alone combination single dose fluxapyroxad, succinate...

Development of urban agglomerations and the intensification agriculture profoundly affect bees' food resources, hence ecosystem services such as pollination. A solitary bee, Osmia bicornis (syn. O. rufa), is an effective springtime pollinator crops, decorative wild plants. However, it largely unknown if this species conservative or plastic in pollen collection different environments. New breedings were established localizations qualified (90 % built-up infrastructure), suburban (55–65 %),...

Agricultural landscapes have changed substantially in recent decades, shifting from the dominance of small fields (S) with diverse cropping systems toward large-scale monoculture (L), where landscape heterogeneity disappears. In this study, artificial nests red mason bee, Osmia bicornis, were placed S and L types on perimeter oilseed rape representing different coverages (ORC, % land cover). The local structure around each nest was characterised within a 100, 200, 500, 1000 m radius using...

Summary Coniferous honeydew honey, mainly Abies alba was characterised. Samples chosen for the study had organoleptic traits characteristic variety: greenish, opalescence tone of brown colour, mild, sweet flavour with pleasant, slightly resinous aftertaste and aroma as well electrical conductivity over 0.95 mS/cm. To define composition physicochemical parameters variety, contents water total sugars were determined. In addition various carbohydrates identified their assessed well. These were:...

We examined age-related biochemical and histological changes in the fat bodies hemolymph of Osmia rufa males females. analysed solitary bees during diapause, October April; as well flying insects following May June. The trophocyte sizes, numbers lipid droplets were greatest at beginning diapause. Subsequently, they decreased along with age. Triglyceride glucose concentrations systematically body cells but increased from to Concentrations/activities (enzymatic non-enzymatic) antioxidant...

This study presented a straightforward method for detecting the adulteration of natural bee honey with consumable artificial and syrups. The approach, based on measuring alkali alkaline earth metal content, revealed that adulterated samples had lower K, Rb, Mg, Ca levels elevated Na content. A novel cost-effective method, solution cathode glow discharge optical emission spectrometry (SCGD OES), was developed elemental analysis. method's trueness confirmed through ICP OES MS measurements....

Bee honey possess various nutritional and medicinal functions, which are the result of its diverse chemical composition. The numerous bioactive compounds in come from flower nectar; thus, identification specific profiles samples is great importance. lipophilic eight monofloral honeys (rape, buckwheat, clover, willow, milk thistle, dandelion, raspberry sweet yellow clover) were investigated. Analyses fractions obtained by UAE (ultrasound assisted extraction) SPE (solid phase extractions...

Abstract The effects to honeybee colonies (Apis mellifera L.) during and after exposure flowering maize (Zea mays L.), grown from seeds coated with clothianidin imidacloprid was assessed in field-realistic conditions. experimental crops were adjacent the other agriculture plants. Honey bee placed three differently protected fields throughout blooming period, thereafter they transferred a stationary apiary. Samples of pollen loads, bread, adult bees collected analyzed for neonicotinoid...

Abstract A method was elaborated to determine phenolic compounds (vanillin, caffeic, p-coumaric and salicylic acids, flavonoids: rutin, hesperetin, quercetin, pinocembrin, apigenin, kaempferol, isorhamnetin, chrysin, acacetin) in bee pollen loads using highperformance liquid chromatography with a diode array detector (HPLC-DAD). Phenolic from were isolated on Cleanert C18-SPE columns (500 mg/6 mL, Agela Technologies). Polyphenols identified by comparing the retention times spectra of found...

The production of honey, and especially the unifloral varieties, is limited by factors such as weather conditions or availability nectar flow honeydew. This results in a deficit supply leading to adulteration honey. If they are not properly labeled, customers cannot distinguish artificial / synthetic products from real Currently, basic, commonly used method for determining varieties honey (botanical origin) palynological analysis. However, this procedure quite difficult owing dearth...

Natural bee honeys are commonly used by patients for nutritional, preventive, and curative purposes. Honey varieties produced in other countries, including Italy Spain, gaining popularity. The aim of the study was to evaluate selected antioxidant properties honey, taking into account declared actual variety. research material consisted 105 honey samples, from Poland (n = 50), Spain 35), 20). variety determined melissopalinological method, case honeydew honeys, electrical conductivity...

Eleven samples of Polish Phacelia tanacetifolia Benth., three Brassica napus and one Salix spp. honeys were characterized by melissopalynology analysis the compositions their volatile fractions. Headspace solid-phase microextraction coupled with gas chromatography mass spectrometry (HS-SPME/GC–MS) using PDMS/CAR/DVB fiber was used for isolation low-molecular weight compounds which create a fraction. To differentiate indicate most representative unifloral samples, chemometric techniques such...

The aim of this paper was to compare the microbiological and sensory quality Polish Thailand multifloral honeys. honeys selected for testing were classified into honey group on basis a pollen analysis. analyses samples confirmed good tested. No presence pathogenic bacteria species Salmonella has been demonstrated. total number aerobic mesophilic microorganisms Bacillus less than permissible limits bee products. A significant excess yeasts moulds found in one sample, which produced...

The geographical origin of honey affects its composition, which is key importance for the health-promoting properties and safety product. European regulations clearly define physicochemical requirements that determine microbiological quality. On other hand, legislation abolishes criteria. In study 40 samples originating from two different climatic zones were analyzed. water content, pH, activity analysis quality have been tested using reference plate method (total viable count, yeast molds,...