Gas-to-liquid (GTL), an alternative synthetic jet fuel derived from natural gas through Fischer–Tropsch (F–T) process, has gained significant attention due to its cleaner combustion characteristics when compared conventional counterparts. The effect of chemical composition on key performance aspects such as ignition delay, laminar burning speed, and emission been experimentally studied. However, the development mechanism predict those parameters for GTL is still in early stage. aviation...

Biomass has been considered as a valuable alternative fuel recently. A fundamental property of biomass/air flame, laminar burning speed, is measured in this research. Experiments have made cylindrical combustion vessel with two end windows. Central ignition used to start the process. high-speed CMOS camera capable taking pictures 40,000 frames per second study morphology flame front. Flames are initially smooth, and pressure radius increase, cracks cells appear on surface. In paper,...

Syngas has gained attention recently due to its high energy density and environmentally friendly characteristics. Flame stability plays an important role in flame propagation conversion devices. Experimental studies were performed a cylindrical chamber investigate instability of syngas/air/diluent mixture. A Z-shape Schlieren system coupled with high-speed complementary metal–oxide–semiconductor camera was used record pictures up 40,000 frames per second. In this research, syngas is mixture...

A numerical study has been carried out to investigate the impact of adding syngas into JP-8 fuel. new chemical mechanism assembled from existing and examined by comparing with experimental data literatures. The was then applied Cantera zero-dimension constant internal energy volume model one-dimensional (1D) freely propagating flame calculate ignition delay time laminar burning speed, respectively. simulations were over a large range temperature (700–1000 K), blending ratio (0–20% syngas),...

Abstract The flamelet model is a commonly used tool for turbulent combustion simulations in the engineering field due to its computational efficiency and compatibility with complex chemical reaction mechanisms. Despite being widely decades, still faces challenges when applied flame configurations, such as partially premixed flames, inhomogeneous inlets, supersonic combustion, or multiphase combustion. principal are posed by uncertainty of presumed shapes probability density functions (PDFs)...

The rate-controlled constrained-equilibrium (RCCE), a model order reduction method, has been further developed to simulate the combustion of propane/oxygen mixture diluted with nitrogen or argon. RCCE method assumes that nonequilibrium states system can be described by sequence subject small number constraints. new approach is applied oxidation propane in constant volume, internal energy over wide range initial temperatures and pressures. USC-Mech II (109 species 781 reactions, without...

The rate-controlled constrained-equilibrium (RCCE), a model order reduction method, assumes that the nonequilibrium states of system can be described by sequence kinetically controlled relatively small number constraints within acceptable accuracies. full chemical composition at each state is obtained maximizing (or minimizing) appropriate thermodynamic quantities, e.g., entropy Gibbs functions) subject to instantaneous values constraints. Regardless nature kinetic constraints, RCCE always...

Rate-controlled constrained equilibrium (RCCE) is a reduction technique used to describe the time evolution of complex chemical reacting systems. This method based on assumption that nonequilibrium system can reach its final state by series RCCE states determined maximizing entropy or minimizing relevant free energy. Those constraints are imposed some small number slow reactions. Much research has been done this and many models C1−C4 hydrocarbon fuel combustion have established previous...

Abstract Developing an effective model for non-equilibrium states is of great importance a variety problems related to chemical synthesis and combustion. Rate-Controlled Constrained-Equilibrium (RCCE), order reduction method that originated from the second law thermodynamics, assumes system can be described by sequence constrained-equilibrium kinetically controlled relatively small number constraints within acceptable accuracy. The full composition at each state obtained maximizing (or...

Gas to Liquid (GTL), an alternative synthetic jet fuel derived from natural gas has gained significant attention recently due its cleaner combustion characteristics when compared conventional counterparts. The effect of chemical composition on key performance aspects such as ignition delay time, laminar burning speed, and emission have been experimentally studied. However, the development kinetics mechanism predict those parameters for GTL is still in early stage. In this work, a detailed...