Sara Pulvirenti
A5107392275- Astrophysics and Cosmic Phenomena
- Neutrino Physics Research
- Dark Matter and Cosmic Phenomena
- Marine animal studies overview
- Underwater Acoustics Research
- Particle physics theoretical and experimental studies
- Underwater Vehicles and Communication Systems
- Marine and fisheries research
- Particle Detector Development and Performance
- Radio Astronomy Observations and Technology
- Optical Wireless Communication Technologies
- Maritime and Coastal Archaeology
- Seismic Waves and Analysis
- Animal Vocal Communication and Behavior
- Marine and environmental studies
- Seismic Imaging and Inversion Techniques
- Gamma-ray bursts and supernovae
- Methane Hydrates and Related Phenomena
- Pulsars and Gravitational Waves Research
- Atmospheric Ozone and Climate
- Advanced Optical Network Technologies
- Radiation Detection and Scintillator Technologies
- Seismology and Earthquake Studies
- Superconducting and THz Device Technology
- Organoselenium and organotellurium chemistry
Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Laboratori Nazionali del Sud
2016-2025
Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare
2015-2025
National Institute for Subatomic Physics
2020-2023
Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Catania
2017-2023
Universitat Politècnica de València
2021
Laboratoire AstroParticule et Cosmologie
2021
Université Paris Cité
2021
Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique
2021
Aix-Marseille Université
2021
Institut Universitaire de France
2021
Distributed Acoustic Sensing (DAS) technology presents an innovative method for marine monitoring by adapting existing underwater optical fiber networks. This paper examines the use of DAS with Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare–Laboratori Nazionali del Sud (INFN-LNS) infrastructure in Gulf Catania, Eastern Sicily, Italy. region Western Ionian Sea provides a unique natural laboratory due to its tectonic and volcanic activity, proximity Mount Etna, diverse ecosystems significant human...
The sperm whale (Physeter macrocephalus) emits a typical short acoustic signal, defined as "click", almost continuously while diving. It is produced in different time patterns to acoustically explore the environment and communicate with conspecifics. Each emitted click has multi-pulse structure, resulting from production of sound within whale's head. A Stable Inter Pulse Interval (Stable IPI) can be identified among pulses that compose single click. Applying specific algorithms, measurement...
Dolphins emit short ultrasonic pulses (clicks) to acquire information about the surrounding environment, prey and habitat features. We investigated Delphinidae activity over multiple temporal scales through detection of their echolocation clicks, using long-term Passive Acoustic Monitoring (PAM). The Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare operates multidisciplinary seafloor observatories in a deep area Central Mediterranean Sea. Ocean noise Detection Experiment collected data offshore Gulf...
In recent years, an increasing number of surveys have definitively confirmed the seasonal presence fin whales (Balaenoptera physalus) in highly productive regions Mediterranean Sea. Despite this, very little is yet known about routes that species seasonally follows within basin and, particularly, Ionian area. The present study assesses for first time whale acoustic offshore Eastern Sicily (Ionian Sea), throughout processing 10 months continuous monitoring. recording vocalizations was made...
The KM3NeT research infrastructure being built at the bottom of Mediterranean Sea will host water-Cherenkov telescopes for detection cosmic neutrinos. neutrino consist large volume three-dimensional grids optical modules to detect Cherenkov light from charged particles produced by neutrino-induced interactions. Each module houses 31 3-in. photomultiplier tubes, instrumentation calibration signal and positioning module, all associated electronics boards. By design, total electrical power...
Acoustic noise levels were measured in the Gulf of Catania (Ionian Sea) from July 2012 to May 2013 by a low frequency (< 1000 Hz) hydrophone, installed on board NEMO-SN1 multidisciplinary observatory. is cabled node EMSO-ERIC, which was deployed at water depth 2100 m, 25 km off Catania. The study area characterized proximity mid-size harbors and shipping lanes. Measured correlated with passage ships tracked dedicated AIS antenna. Noise power range between 10 Hz Hz. Experimental data compared...
Ocean generated low-frequency seismic noise signals called microseisms are linked to the ocean environment, subsurface and atmosphere. The energy associated with is closely related wave amplitude, globally throughout seasons, shows great potential in analysis of climate variability.To comprehend generation propagation mechanisms secondary offshore Sicily, a detailed Distributed Acoustic Sensing (DAS) data being conducted on MEOC fibre optic cable INFN-LNS submarine infrastructure Catania....
The NEMO Phase-2 tower is the first detector which was operated underwater for more than 1 year at "record" depth of 3500 m. It designed and built within framework (NEutrino Mediterranean Observatory) project. 380 m high successfully installed in March 2013 80 km offshore Capo Passero (Italy). This prototype on site where Italian node KM3NeT neutrino telescope will be built. installation operation has proven functionality infrastructure operability depth. A long monitoring deep water...
Abstract In the deep sea, sense of time is dependent on geophysical fluctuations, such as internal tides and atmospheric-related inertial currents, rather than day-night rhythms. Deep-sea neutrino telescopes instrumented with light detecting Photo-Multiplier Tubes (PMT) can be used to describe synchronization bioluminescent activity abyssopelagic organisms hydrodynamic cycles. PMT readings at 8 different depths (from 3069 3349 m) NEMO Phase 2 prototype, deployed offshore Capo Passero...
Many threats affect fin whale (Balaenoptera physalus) survival in the Mediterranean Sea and, among others, anthropogenic noise represents an issue of growing concern. In 2012, cabled deep-sea multidisciplinary observatory, "NEMO-SN1", was deployed Ionian Sea, at a depth 2100 m. NEMO-SN1 equipped with seismic hydrophone, that allowed us to monitor and low frequency noise. this paper we present analysis acoustic data continuously acquired from 2nd July, 2012 10th May, 2013. Both shipping...
A 13-inch Optical Module (OM) containing a large-area (10-inch) photomultiplier was designed as part of Phase-2 the NEMO project. An intense R&D activity on photomultipliers, voltage supply boards, optical coupling well study influences Earth's magnetic field has driven choice each single component OM. Following well-established production procedure, 32 OMs were assembled and their functionality tested. The design, testing phases are thoroughly described in this paper.
An interdisciplinary underwater laboratory is currently being constructed at a water depth of 3,500 meters on the seabed Mediterranean Sea. Situated approximately 100 km from coast and southeast Portopalo di Capopassero (SR), this innovative facility aims to explore world. The infrastructure includes an on-shore station that houses data center electrical power system, supporting extensive network. This shore connected by means primary optical cable, ensuring uninterrupted communication...
In the underwater neutrino telescopes, positions of Cherenkov light sensors and their movements must be known with an accuracy few tens centimetres. this work, activities SMO KM3NeT-Italia teams for development acoustic positioning system project are presented. The foresees construction, within two years, 8 towers in view several km3-scale telescope KM3NeT.
An underwater Junction Box with 3500 meters deep rate has been designed and realized to distribute electrical power an optical fiber channel for communication. The box is a part of the IDMAR infrastructure presently operative. sea floor network devoted host cross-fertilisation science. This paper describes technical solution adopted address extreme operational environment.
The continuous Earth ground vibrations known as microseisms that are produced by wind driven surface gravity waves dominate the seismic noise spectrum and closely tied to storm activity. Distributed Acoustic Sensing (DAS) technology exploits backscattering properties of&#160;fibre&#160;optic cables acquire strain rate data which represent high-fidelity measurements of acoustic waveforms. It enables acquisition over large distances acting a densely distributed arrays for collection on...
&#160; &#160;Laboratori Nazionali del Sud dell&#8217;INFN owns and manages a deep sea infrastructure situated in Portopalo di Capo Passero where theARCA KM3NeT is installed.&#160; The ARCA telescope being installed at depth of about 3500 m the distance to control station on shore 100 kilometers.&#160; will comprise more than 4000 optical modules detector arrays with point-to-point connection onshore. In particular, optimized for detection cosmic neutrinos energies above 1...
With 70% of the earth underwater, seafloor geodesy provides a vital means measuring tectonic deformation in zone where terrestrial cannot reach. The expense placing, maintaining and recovering instruments data from sensors makes their widespread use prohibitive.&#160; Distributed fibre sensing techniques offer opportunity to measure along at unprecedented spatial resolution high sensitivity. An added advantage this technology is that it can utilise pre-existing infrastructure such as...
The IPANEMA project, funded under the ECCSEL-ERIC activity, aims at studying natural emissions of carbon dioxide in Mediterranean region via acoustic detection. In framework INFN-LNS has designed two underwater stations equipped with hydrophones and CO2 sensors: a shallow water (20 m depth) autonomous retrievable observatory, deployed offshore Island Panarea (Aeolian Islands, Tyrrhenian Sea) cabled deep sea to be Coast Catania 2000 depth (Sicily, Western Ionian Sea). Both detectors are...
In November 2023, DAS (Distributed Acoustic Sensing) data were acquired along few fibers of the MEOC cable INFN-LNS submarine infrastructure, extending circa 29 km off coast Catania; one these is terminated with a further 6km-long optical fiber layed on seafloor in context FOCUS-ERC project. addition another set measurements conducted using deployed offshore Capo Passero, probing 200 loop implemented pair fibers. With almost 2 weeks recordings, interrogator captured multiple types signals...
Distributed Fibre Optic Sensing (DFOS) is becoming widespread in submarine geosciences as it enables quasi-continuous sensing of physical changes along fibres cables. These cables are made with specific architectures and materials chosen to last on the seafloor: consequently, a change measurand transferred from surface cable fibre. This transfer needs be characterised impacts magnitude measurement spatial resolution. Moreover, could tightly or loosely buffered cable, which impact well. We...
The EMSO Research Infrastructure operates multidisciplinary seafloor-cabled observatories in a deep-sea area offshore Eastern Sicily (2100 m of depth). In data-lacking zone, Passive Acoustic Monitoring activities revealed new information on cetacean bioacoustics over multiple ecological scales. Expert operators investigated the presence vocalizations within large acoustic datasets acquired. Then, algorithms were developed to provide behavior and ecology recorded species. 2005-2006, activity...