The electron mass in atomic units has been determined with a relative uncertainty of (Sturm et al 2014 Nature 506 467–70), which represents 13-fold improvement the 2010 CODATA value (Mohr 2012 Rev. Mod. Phys. 84 1527–605). underlying measurement principle combines high-precision Larmor-to-cyclotron frequency ratio on single hydrogen-like carbon ion Penning trap corresponding very accurate g-factor calculation. Here, we present results detail, including comprehensive discussion systematic...

Novel supported ionic liquid phase (SILP) gas purification materials have been developed to remove ammonia irreversibly from an ambient flow of nitrogen (1000 ppm NH3 in N2, wet and dry). In the applied SILP materials, thin films imidazolium based liquids solutions metal complexes, namely [C8C1Im][NTf2], [C8C1Im][NTf2]/Cu(NTf2)2, [C8C1Im][NTf2]/Co(NTf2)2 [CnC1Im]Cl/CuCl2 (n = 2, 4, 8), were dispersed onto large surface area polymer-based spherical activated carbon supports. For 8) use a...

For the first time, carbon nanohorns were implemented into solid-state and quasi-solid-state electrolytes for highly efficient DSSCs yielding efficiencies of up to 7.84% at room temperature.

Supported ionic liquid phase (SILP) materials have been developed for a continuous gas cleaning process. The technology is exemplified the desulfurisation of model stream consisting 500 ppmwt n-butyl mercaptan in n-heptane vapour to levels below 5 ppmwt. By varying structure, acidity and loading, [C12MIM]Cl/SnCl2 (XSnCl2 = 0.50) on alumina an loading 20 vol% support's pore volume was identified as particularly suitable sorption system. Breakthrough experiments demonstrate performance up 130...

Abstract Two novel double‐alkyl functionalized imidazolium ionic liquid crystals have successfully been utilized to demonstrate the benefits of crystalline phase on ssDSSC performance. In particular, a good balance between dye regeneration and hole transport is only realized in phase. Devices that employ single component based electrolyte show remarkably stable efficiency during 1000 h under outdoor operation temperature conditions 1 sun illumination.

New ionic liquids and liquid crystalline materials with custom-tailored properties were synthesized based on long-alkyl-chain-derivatized 1,3-dialkylimidazolium salts.

Abstract Owing to shifting market demands, it is important convert ethylene propylene. One attractive way achieve this conversion the dimerization of 1‐butene, followed by isomerization 2‐butene and subsequent metathesis 2‐butene/ethylene olefin. Our contribution focuses on combining first two steps. Herein, we report a highly selective tandem dimerization/isomerization catalyzed homogeneously dissolved cationic nickel complexes. These catalysts can be efficiently immobilized using supported...

Renewable Hydrogen is a key building block for sustainable energy economy. An attractive resource its production waste biomass. This contribution analyses promising new Biomass-to-H2 two-step approach, consisting of (1) biomass oxidation to formic acid and methyl formate in the so-called OxFA-Process (2) hydrogen generation by dehydrogenation or decarbonylation these intermediates. explains novel concept compares three distinct process routes their efficient implementation. By using Aspen...

Native defect doping offers an easy and low-cost way of tuning the electrical transport properties semiconducting binary metal oxides for application in future energy conversion devices. For first time, conductivity, charge carrier density, mobility hematite form both compact thin films, as well porous nanoparticle layers, were determined simultaneously with stepwise introduction oxygen vacancies. Furthermore, authors find a drastically reduced phase transition temperature from into...

The influence of confinement on the ionic liquid crystal (ILC) [C(18)C(1)Im][OTf] is studied using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), polarized optical microscopy (POM), and diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy (DRIFTS). ILC supported Si-based powders glasses with pore sizes ranging from 11 to 50 nm. temperature solid-to-liquid-crystalline phase transition seems mostly unaffected by confinement, whereas liquid-crystalline-to-liquid depressed for smaller sizes. A...

All-Silicon tandem solar cells make use of the quantum confinement silicon nanocrystals (Si-NCs) embedded in oxide, carbide or nitride for band gap engineering required to achieve efficiencies beyond Shockley-Queisser-Limit while relying exclusively on abundant and non-toxic materials. A promising approach realization dot absorbers is fabrication superlattice structures with controlled mono-disperse size spacing Si-NCs. Here we introduce SiC/SiOx hetero-superlattice near-stoichiometric SiC...

We demonstrate an alternative route to reliably prepare hydrogen‐doped indium oxide (In 2 O 3 :H). The common hydrogen source, water vapor, was substituted in our process by and oxygen gas. resulting films showed similar optical electrical properties. Nevertheless, the using gaseous led a simplification of deposition process. By replacing source we increased reproducibility film properties significantly, thus, paving way for reliable device implementation material. Furthermore, investigated...

Ethene dimerization to 2-butenes was catalyzed by Ni-SILP complexes for the first time in a fluidized bed improve heat removal.

Abstract We present the first systematic study of influence temperature on degree surface enrichment 1‐alkyl‐3‐methylimidazolium‐based ionic liquids (ILs). Using angle‐resolved X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy, we demonstrate that strongly decreases with increasing for all studied ILs. For ILs same cation, but different anions, [C 8 C 1 Im]Br, Im][TfO] and Im][Tf 2 N], no significant differences temperature‐induced partial loss are found. Measurements 4 Im][TfO], 18 indicate a small effect...

Nickel(II) complexes with double alkyl chain functionalized N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) ligands, [NiCl2(C12MIM)2] and [NiCl2(C12C12IM)2], where C12MIM = 1-dodecyl-3-methylimidazolin-2-ylidene (1) C12C12IM 1,3-didodecylimidazolin-2-ylidene (2), have been prepared fully characterized by 1H NMR, 13C CHN elemental analyses. Furthermore, we developed a system, in which long derivatized Ni–NHC are dissolved the related ionic liquid crystalline 1,3-didodecylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate,...

In situ photoelectron spectroscopy is used to study the adsorption and photoisomerization of azobenzene multilayers on layered semiconductor HfS2 at liquid nitrogen temperatures. The measured valence band spectra indicate weak molecule–substrate coupling provide evidence for reversible switching by light with different wavelengths. photoswitching manifests itself in spectral shifts due changes electrical surface conductance modifications electronic structure consistent results outer Green’s...

N-type microcrystalline silicon carbide (μc-SiC:H(n)) deposited by hot wire chemical vapor deposition provides advantageous opto-electronic properties for window layer material in silicon-based thin-film solar cells and heterojunction cells. So far, it is known that the dark conductivity (σd) increases with increase crystallinity of μc-SiC:H(n)films. However, due to fact no active doping source used, mechanism electrical transport these films still under debate. It suggested unintentional...

Abstract Parameters for the structural short (SRO) and medium range order (MRO) of hydrogenated amorphous silicon (a‐Si:H) films on edge microcrystalline (µc‐Si:H) phase transition were studied with Raman spectroscopy. The observed samples deposited using radio frequency plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition. grown various constant non‐constant silane concentrations (SCs). A substrate dependent correlation SC to intensity ratio ( I MRO ) transversal acoustical (TA) optical (TO) phonon...

The structure of hydrogenated amorphous silicon films is investigated by Raman spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction. probes the phonon density states, whereas diffraction measures distribution electron density. Yet, both methods can yield information on microstructure material represented certain parameters like, e.g., position or width transverse optical first scattering peak. Interdependences between these are evaluated. A correlation was found structural disorder relative efficiency loss...

Abstract SiC/SiO x hetero‐superlattices as well single layers of SiC and SiO were fabricated annealed at various annealing temperatures to investigate the evolution induced defects in these materials. We show that materials multilayer system, crystallization, atomic diffusion, structural reconstruction, hydrogen effusion take place upon with different characteristic temperature dependences. The dependence spin densities on is explained an overlap creation additional dangling bonds due...