The gut microbiota is essential for the maintenance of intestinal immune homeostasis and responsible breaking down dietary fiber into short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs). Butyrate, most abundant bioactive SCFA in gut, a histone deacetylase inhibitor (HDACi), class drug that has potent immunomodulatory properties. This characteristic butyrate, along with our previous discovery conventional dendritic cells (DCs) are required development experimental colitis, led us to speculate butyrate may...

Background Recently, middle meningeal artery (MMA) embolization has emerged as a potentially safe and effective method of treating chronic subdural hematoma (cSDH). Objective To report single-center experience with MMA examines the type embolic material used, extent penetration, number branches embolized. Methods A retrospective analysis all patients from 2018 through 2019 was performed. failed outcome defined either surgical rescue and/or greater than 10 mm residual or reaccumulation...

Background and Purpose- The CREST (Carotid Revascularization Endarterectomy Versus Stenting Trial) demonstrated equivalent composite outcomes between carotid endarterectomy (CEA) artery stenting (CAS) for treating stenosis. We investigated nationwide trends in these procedures associated periprocedural stroke, myocardial infarction, death, cost, readmission rates since were published. Methods- queried the Nationwide Readmissions Database to identify patients undergoing CEA CAS asymptomatic...

Background The transradial artery (TRA) approach for neuroendovascular procedures continues to gain popularity, but neurointerventionalists still lag behind interventional cardiologists in the adoption of a TRA-first approach. This study compares complications and efficiency TRA standard transfemoral (TFA) at our institution during initial phase adopting Methods A retrospective analysis was performed on all consecutive neuroangiographic large cerebrovascular center from October 1, 2018 June...

<h3>Background and aims</h3> Epidemiological data have recently emerged to suggest <i>Helicobacter pylori</i> may protect against certain chronic inflammatory diseases such as bowel disease (IBD). However, the mechanism for observed inverse association between <i>H IBD has not been described. <h3>Methods</h3> The frequency of immunoregulatory (IRS) immunostimulatory (ISS) sequences within genome various bacteria was calculated using MacVector software. induction type I IFN IL-12 responses by...

Retrospective propensity score-matched analysis on a national database (MarketScan) between 2006 and 2010.To compare rates of neurological deficits after elective single-level spinal procedures with without intraoperative neuromonitoring, as well associated payment differences geographic variance.Intraoperative neurophysiologic monitoring is technique that may contribute to avoiding permanent injury during some spine surgery procedures. However, it unclear whether all patients undergoing...

Background: Postoperative metrics are increasingly important in determining standards of quality for physicians and hospitals. Although complications following spinal surgery have been described, procedural patient variables yet to be incorporated into a predictive model adverse-event occurrence. We sought develop complication occurrence after spine surgery. Methods: used longitudinal prospective data from national claims database developed incorporating type frequency procedures. structured...

OBJECTIVE Middle meningeal artery (MMA) embolization is a promising treatment strategy for chronic subdural hematomas (cSDHs). However, studies comparing MMA and conventional therapy (surgical intervention conservative management) are limited. The authors aimed to compare versus cSDHs using propensity-adjusted analysis. METHODS A retrospective study of all patients with cSDH who presented large tertiary center over 2-year period was performed. compared surgical management. Neurological...

Retrospective 2:1 propensity score-matched analysis on a national longitudinal database between 2006 and 2010.To compare rates of adverse events, revisions procedure rates, payment differences in anterior cervical fusion procedures compared with posterior laminectomy at least 3 levels instrumentation.The comparative benefits versus approach to multilevel degenerative disease remain controversial. Recent systematic reviews have reached conflicting conclusions. We demonstrate the economic...

PurposeCataract surgery is generally safe; however, severe complications exist. Preexisting conditions are known to predispose patients intraoperative and postoperative complications. This study quantifies the relationship between aggregated preoperative risk factors cataract complications, builds a model predicting outcomes on an individual level, given constellation of patient characteristics. MethodsThis utilized retrospective cohort age 40 years or older who received surgery. Risk...

Endovascular intervention for cervical carotid artery dissection (CAD) and vertebral (VAD) may be indicated in specific circumstances.To review our institutional experience with endovascular treatment of dissections over the past 20 years to examine indications treatment, interventional methods, outcomes.Retrospective a prospectively maintained database identify patients extracranial who underwent between January 1996 2016. Demographic data details procedures, outcomes, complications were...

Middle meningeal artery (MMA) embolization results in fewer treatment failures than surgical evacuation for chronic subdural hematomas (cSDHs). We compared the total 1-year hospital cost MMA versus patients with cSDH.Data who presented cSDHs from January 1, 2018, through May 31, 2020, were retrospectively reviewed. Patients grouped by initial (surgery vs embolization), and was obtained. A propensity-adjusted analysis performed. The primary outcome difference mean between treatments.Of 170...

Retrospective study using the MarketScan longitudinal database (2006-2010).Compare complication rates between groups of patients undergoing anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF) procedures performed by surgeons with high versus low mean annual ACDF volume.Over past decade volume ACDFs has increased, concurrent greater appreciation potential for associated complications. The effect surgeon procedure on adverse events occurrence in postoperative period not been described.We evaluated...

Few reports discuss variables associated with improved outcomes after middle meningeal artery (MMA) embolization for chronic subdural hematomas (cSDHs). We analyzed radiographic evidence of cSDH clearance MMA to elucidate optimal techniques, hematoma rates, and suitable length follow-up.Patients who underwent from January 1, 2018 through December 31, 2020 were analyzed. Patient characteristics, demographics, technical procedural details examined. Outcomes cSDHs included complete or...

The ideal treatment for unruptured vertebral artery dissecting aneurysms (VADAs) and ruptured dominant VADAs remains controversial. We report our experience in the management endovascular of patients with VADAs.Patients treated endovascularly intradural at a single institution from January 1, 1999, to December 31, 2019, were retrospectively reviewed. Primary neurological outcomes assessed using modified Rankin Scale (mRS) scores, mRS >2 considered poor outcome. Additionally, any worsening...

Retrospective database analysis.To examine the impact of training pathway, either neurosurgical or orthopedic, on complications, readmissions, and revisions in spine surgery.Training pathway has been shown to have an outcomes various surgical subspecialties. Although not a significant surgery perioperative period, long-term results are unknown.A retrospective analysis 197,682 patients receiving 1 3 common surgeries [lumbar laminectomy, lumbar fusion, anterior cervical discectomy fusion...

Abstract BACKGROUND Multimodal analgesia regimens have been suggested to improve pain control and reduce opioid consumption after surgery. OBJECTIVE To institutionally implement an evidence-based quality improvement initiative standardize optimize treatment following neurosurgical procedures. Our goal was objectively evaluate efficacy of this multimodal protocol. METHODS A retrospective cohort analysis pain-related outcomes posterior lumbar fusion procedures performed. We compared patients...

Abstract BACKGROUND Spetzler-Martin (SM) grade III arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) are at the boundary of safe operability, and preoperative embolization may reduce surgical risks. OBJECTIVE To evaluate benefits AVM by comparing neurological outcomes in patients with AVMs treated or without embolization. METHODS All microsurgically were identified from 2011 to 2018 2 medical centers. Neurological outcomes, measured as final modified Rankin Scale scores (mRS) changes mRS baseline last...

Juvenile idiopathic arthritis is the most common rheumatic disease in children. Chronic uveitis a and serious comorbid condition of juvenile arthritis, with insidious presentation potential to cause blindness. Knowledge clinical associations will improve risk stratification. Based on observation, we hypothesized that allergic conditions are associated chronic patients.This study retrospective cohort using Stanford's data warehouse containing from Lucile Packard Children's Hospital 2000-2011...