Gerhard Paar
A5003493585- Planetary Science and Exploration
- Astro and Planetary Science
- Robotics and Sensor-Based Localization
- Space Exploration and Technology
- 3D Surveying and Cultural Heritage
- Spacecraft Design and Technology
- Health and Medical Studies
- Advanced Vision and Imaging
- Psychiatric care and mental health services
- Advanced Image and Video Retrieval Techniques
- Remote Sensing and LiDAR Applications
- Psychology, Coaching, and Therapy
- Geology and Paleoclimatology Research
- Space Science and Extraterrestrial Life
- Satellite Image Processing and Photogrammetry
- Robotic Path Planning Algorithms
- Geological Modeling and Analysis
- Space Satellite Systems and Control
- Image and Object Detection Techniques
- Aeolian processes and effects
- Image Processing and 3D Reconstruction
- Medical Practices and Rehabilitation
- Psychosomatic Disorders and Their Treatments
- Infrared Target Detection Methodologies
- Astronomical Observations and Instrumentation
Joanneum Research
2014-2025
Jet Propulsion Laboratory
2022
University of Oxford
2018
Klinik für Psychosomatik
1975-2002
Deutsche Gesellschaft für Psychoanalyse, Psychotherapie, Psychosomatik und Tiefenpsychologie
2000
Philipps University of Marburg
1983
Universität Ulm
1977
Justus-Liebig-Universität Gießen
1973-1974
The Perseverance rover landed in Jezero crater, Mars, to investigate ancient lake and river deposits. We report observations of the crater floor, below crater's sedimentary delta, finding that floor consists igneous rocks altered by water. lowest exposed unit, informally named Séítah, is a coarsely crystalline olivine-rich rock, which accumulated at base magma body. Magnesium-iron carbonates along grain boundaries indicate reactions with carbon dioxide-rich water under water-poor conditions....
Perseverance's Mastcam-Z instrument provides high-resolution stereo and multispectral images with a unique combination of spatial resolution, coverage, wavelength coverage along the rover's traverse in Jezero crater, Mars. Images reveal rocks consistent an igneous (including volcanic and/or volcaniclastic) impactite origin limited aqueous alteration, including polygonally fractured weathered coatings; massive boulder-forming bedrock consisting mafic silicates, ferric oxides, iron-bearing...
Abstract The Mars 2020 Perseverance rover landed in Jezero crater on 18 February 2021. After a 100‐sol period of commissioning and the Ingenuity Helicopter technology demonstration, began its first science campaign to explore enigmatic floor, whose igneous or sedimentary origins have been much debated scientific community. This paper describes plan developed floor's Máaz Séítah formations summarizes results between sols 100–379. By end campaign, had traversed more than 5 km, created seven...
Abstract The first samples collected by the Perseverance rover on Mars 2020 mission were from Maaz formation, a lava plain that covers most of floor Jezero crater. Laboratory analysis these back Earth would provide important constraints petrologic history, aqueous processes, and timing key events in However, interpreting requires detailed understanding emplacement modification history formation. Here we synthesize orbital remote sensing data to link outcrop‐scale interpretations broader...
The scientific objectives of the ExoMars rover are designed to answer several key questions in search for life on Mars. In particular, unique subsurface drill will address some these, such as possible existence and stability organics. PanCam establish surface geological morphological context mission, working collaboration with other instruments. Here, we describe geology, atmospheric science, 3-D vision. We discuss design PanCam, which includes a stereo pair Wide Angle Cameras (WACs), each...
Abstract Temporal fluctuations of wind strength and direction can influence aeolian bedform morphology orientation, which be encoded into the architecture deposits. These strata represent a direct record atmospheric processes used to understand ancient Martian as well those on Earth. The can: give insight circulation, how atmosphere evolved in response global changes habitability, differ from modern processes. Stimson formation at Greenheugh pediment (Gale crater) records evidence...
Abstract Early observations from the Perseverance rover suggested a deltaic origin for western fan of Jezero crater only images Kodiak butte. Here, we use SuperCam Remote Micro‐Imager and Mastcam‐Z camera to analyze front along traverse, further assess its depositional origin. Outcrops in middle lower half hillslopes comprise planar inclined beds sandstone that are interpreted as foresets deposits. Foresets locally structured ∼20–25 m thick, ∼80–100 long, antiformal structures mouth bars....
The Close-Up Imager (CLUPI) onboard the ESA ExoMars Rover is a powerful high-resolution color camera specifically designed for close-up observations. Its accommodation on movable drill allows multiple positioning. science objectives of instrument are geological characterization rocks in terms texture, structure, and search potential morphological biosignatures. We present CLUPI objectives, performance, technical description, followed by description instrument's planned operations strategy...
Abstract Panoramic camera systems on robots exploring the surface of Mars are used to collect images terrain and rock outcrops which they encounter along their traverse. Image mosaics from these cameras essential in mapping geology selecting locations for analysis by other instruments rover's payload. 2‐D do not truly portray depth field features within an image, nor 3‐D geometry. This paper describes a new visualization software tool geological Martian rover‐derived Digital Outcrop Models...
Abstract Martian soils are critically important for understanding the history of Mars, past potentially habitable environments, returned samples, and future human exploration. This study examines soil crusts on floor Jezero crater encountered during initial phases Mars 2020 mission. Soil surface have been observed at other locations, starting with two Viking Lander missions. Rover observations show that also common across crater, revealed in 45 101 locations where rover wheels disturbed...
Abstract The Perseverance rover has sampled mm‐size lithic fragments containing olivine likely from at least two source regions the surface of an inactive megaripple surface, and fine‐grained material to a depth ∼4–6 cm. Some grains lack coherent diffraction pattern measured by PIXL, consistent with presence poorly ordered secondary phases that have been altered. Analysis these materials on Earth will allow examination experienced aqueous, potentially habitable environments could contain...
Abstract Gale crater, the landing site of NASA's Curiosity rover, and mountain at its center, Aeolis Mons, hosts an extensive record sedimentary rocks, which provide a window into climate history Mars. has demonstrated that hosted long‐lived lakes early in history, indicating warm, quiescent surface conditions, before transitioning period heightened aridity. Recent investigations using orbital data have suggested Mars was intermittently wet late history. However, ongoing challenge is linking...
Abstract The surface of modern Mars is largely shaped by wind, but the influence past wind activity less well constrained. Sedimentary rocks exposed in lower foothills Aeolis Mons, central mound within Gale crater, record a transition from predominantly lacustrine deposition Murray formation to aeolian Mirador formation. Here, we report series enigmatic decameter‐wide, concave‐up scour‐and‐fill structures and discuss their mechanisms. Using panoramic images stratigraphy cliff faces acquired...
The recently approved ExoMars rover is the first element of ESA Aurora programme and scheduled to deliver Pasteur exobiology payload Mars by 2015. 0.7 kg Panoramic Camera will provide multi-spectral stereo images with 65 ° field-of-view (1.1 mrad/pixel) high-resolution (85 μrad/pixel) monoscopic ‘zoom’ 5 field-of-view. wide-angle cameras (WAC) are based on Beagle 2 Stereo System heritage (Griffiths et al . (2005). Planet. Space Sci 53 , 1466–1488). instrument designed fulfil digital terrain...
This work is about a novel methodology for window detection in urban environments and its multiple use vision system applications. The presented method includes appropriate early image processing, provides multi-scale Haar wavelet representation the determination of tiles which then fed into cascaded classifier task detection. learned from Gentle Adaboost driven decision tree on masked information training imagery tested towards based ground truth together with original building databases...
Abstract Wind‐abraded rocks and aeolian bedforms have been observed at the Mars 2020 Perseverance landing site, providing evidence for recent older wind directions. This study reports orientations of features measured in images to infer formative It compares these measurements with orbital observations, climate model predictions, data acquired by Environmental Dynamics Analyzer. Three‐dimensional flute textures on rocks, regolith tails extending from behind obstacles, other were using...
Abstract The Mars 2020 Mastcam‐Z stereo camera investigation enables the generation of three dimension (3D) data products needed to visualize and analyze rocks, outcrops, other geological aeolian features. Planetary Robotics Vision Processing framework “PRoViP” as well Instrument Data System on a tactical—sol‐by‐sol—timeframe generate 3D vision products, such panoramas, distance maps, textured meshes. Structure‐from‐motion used by Advanced Science Targeting Toolkit for Robotic Operations...
We analyze Kodiak, an eroded delta remnant in Jezero Crater, Mars, using several hundred images from the Mastcam-Z and SuperCam instruments on Mars 2020 Perseverance Rover. create a high-accuracy digital terrain model to measure Kodiak’s stratigraphic layers, which we divide into three units characterize individually. While each unit possesses geometries interpreted as consistent with Gilbert-style formation, older exposed north northeast sides include more complex layered structures...
Abstract Persistence of near-surface water during the late evolution Gale crater, Mars, would have been fundamental for maintaining a habitable environment. Sedimentation in aqueous conditions is evident early stages crater infilling, where accumulation lower Mount Sharp group strata characterized by fluviolacustrine sedimentary rocks. The basal unit Siccar Point group—the Stimson formation—which unconformably overlies and represents postdating exhumation Aeolis Mons, aeolian under arid...
This work is about a novel methodology for window detection in urban environments and its multiple use vision system applications. The presented method includes appropriate early image processing, provides multi-scale Haar wavelet representation the determination of tiles which then fed into cascaded classifier task detection. learned from Gentle Adaboost driven decision tree on masked information training imagery tested towards based ground truth together with original building databases...