Abstract Superconducting electromagnets commonly exhibit thin layers with high aspect ratio such as insulation or turn-to-turn contacts. A finite element (FE) analysis of these devices can lead to unfavorable meshes in layers, either because a number degrees freedom mesh elements poor quality which decrease the accuracy simulation results. To mitigate issues when conducting thermal FE solving heat equation, this work proposes collapse volume into surfaces by using shell approximation (TSA)....

An open-source Finite Element Quench Simulator (FiQuS) is being developed as part of the STEAM framework following CERN's open science policy [1]. The tool based solely on software and uses Python to generate geometries meshes with Gmsh, compute solutions GetDP. FiQuS scripts have a modular structure in order accommodate broad range simulation requirements main focus superconducting accelerator magnets. tool, at its advanced stage, will be capable 1D, 2D, 3D geometry generation elements such...

When simulating no-insulation high-temperature superconducting pancake coils with the finite element (FE) method, high aspect ratio of thin turn-to-turn contact layer (T2TCL) leads to unfavorable meshes in these layers as manifested by a number degrees freedom (DoF) or mesh elements poor quality which decrease accuracy simulation results. To mitigate this issue, we propose collapse T2TCL volume into surface using shell approximation (TSA) for three-dimensional FE analysis. A <inline-formula...

Thermal transient responses of superconducting magnets can be simulated using the finite element (FE) method. Some accelerator use cables whose electric insulation is significantly thinner than bare conductor. The FE discretisation such geometries with high-quality meshes leads to many degrees freedom. This increases computational time, particularly since non-linear material properties are involved. In this work, we propose a thermal thin-shell approximation (TSA) improve efficiency when...

Abstract Thermal transient responses of superconducting magnets can be simulated using the finite element (FE) method. Some accelerator use cables whose electric insulation is significantly thinner than bare conductor. The FE discretisation such geometries with high-quality meshes leads to many degrees freedom. This increases computational time, particularly since non-linear material properties are involved. In this work, we propose a thermal thin-shell approximation (TSA) improve efficiency...

Abstract A new module, Pancake3D , of the open-source finite element quench simulator ( FiQuS ) has been developed in order to perform transient simulations no-insulation (NI) high-temperature superconducting pancake coils three-dimensions. / can magnetodynamic or coupled magneto-thermal simulations. Thanks use thin shell approximations, an <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" overflow="scroll"> <mml:mrow> <mml:mover> <mml:mi>H</mml:mi> <mml:mo stretchy="false">→</mml:mo>...

For finite element (FE) analysis of no-insulation (NI) high-temperature superconducting (HTS) pancake coils, the high aspect ratio turn-to-turn contact layer (T2TCL) leads to meshing difficulties which result in either poor quality mesh elements resulting a decrease solution accuracy or number degrees freedom. We proposed mitigate this issue by collapsing T2TCL volume into surface and using so-called thin shell approximation (TSA). Previously, two TSA have been introduced, one solve heat...

High-temperature superconductors (HTS) have the potential to enable magnetic fields beyond current limits of low-temperature in applications like accelerator magnets. However, design HTS-based magnets requires computationally demanding transient multi-physics simulations with highly non-linear material properties. To reduce solution time, we propose using Parareal (PR) for parallel-in-time magneto-thermal simulation based on HTS, particularly, no-insulation coils without turn-to-turn...

The next generation of Nb <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$_{3}$</tex-math></inline-formula> Sn accelerator magnets are pushed to higher magnetic fields, stored energy and density. This brings additional challenges when it comes quench protection. At CERN, a fast protection system is under development that introduces normal zones directly in the coil's conductor by inductive heating. called...

Canted Cos-Theta (CCT) magnets can use conducting formers in which eddy currents are induced during current change. This is relevant magnet ramping or discharging after a quench, particularly when using energy extraction. CCT provide substantial flexibility terms of generating the required field shape, including combined function curved bore. However, this results geometry that often requires three-dimensional (3D) quench simulations. We propose cooperative simulation (co-simulation)...

For finite element (FE) analysis of no-insulation (NI) high-temperature superconducting (HTS) pancake coils, the high aspect ratio turn-to-turn contact layer (T2TCL) leads to meshing difficulties which result in either poor quality mesh elements resulting a decrease solution accuracy or number degrees freedom. We proposed mitigate this issue by collapsing T2TCL volume into surface and using so-called thin shell approximation (TSA). Previously, two TSA have been introduced, one solve heat...

The major advantage of reduced magnetic vector potential formulations (RMVPs) is that complicated coil structures do not need to be resolved by a computational mesh. Instead, they are modeled thin wires, whose source field included into the simulation model along Biot-Savart's law. Such an approach has already been successfully employed in ROXIE for superconducting Large Hadron Collider magnets at CERN. This work presents updated RMVP approach, which significantly outperforms original...

In this paper, we propose the Coupled Axial and Transverse currents (I) (CATI) method, as an efficient accurate finite element approach for modelling electric magnetic behavior of periodic composite superconducting conductors. The method consists a pair two-dimensional models coupled via circuit equations to account conductor geometrical periodicity. This allows capture three-dimensional effects with leads significant reduction in computational time compared conventional models. After...

Thin layers can lead to unfavorable meshes in a finite element (FE) analysis. shell approximations (TSAs) avoid this issue by removing the need for mesh of thin layer while approximating physics across an interface condition. Typically, TSA requires both sides be conforming. To alleviate requirement, we propose combine mortar methods and TSAs solving heat equation. The method's formulation is derived enables independent discretization subdomains on two depending their accuracy requirements....

The coupled axial and transverse currents (CATI) method was recently introduced to model the AC loss magnetization in twisted composite superconducting strands with low computational cost high accuracy. This involves two-dimensional finite element (FE) models circuit equations representing periodicity of strand. In this paper, we propose adapt CATI Rutherford cables, which are periodic structures made transposed strands. We focus on reproducing interstrand coupling flowing across contact...

High-temperature superconductor (HTS) coated conductors (CC) are often wound into pancake coils with electrical insulation in-between the turns. The copper terminals used for current injection and conduction cooling. An inherent variation of critical along CC length results from its manufacturing process. This causes non-uniform heat generation, particularly when coil is operated at a high fraction nominal or large defects present. temperature distribution resulting balance between cooling...

Abstract In this paper, we propose the Coupled Axial and Transverse currents (I) (CATI) method, as an efficient accurate finite element approach for modelling electric magnetic behavior of periodic composite superconducting conductors. The method consists a pair two-dimensional models coupled via circuit equations to account conductor geometrical periodicity. This allows capture three-dimensional effects with leads significant reduction in computational time compared conventional models....

Abstract Axial symmetry in time‐harmonic electromagnetic wave problems can be exploited by considering a Fourier expansion along the angular direction, reducing fully three‐dimensional computations to two‐dimensional ones on an azimuthal cross section. While this transition leads significant decrease computational effort, it introduces additional difficulties, which necessitate appropriate finite element (FE) formulations. By combining latter with perfectly matched layers (PML), open...

A new module, Pancake3D, of the open-source Finite Element Quench Simulator (FiQuS) has been developed in order to perform transient simulations no-insulation (NI) high-temperature superconducting (HTS) pancake coils 3-dimensions. FiQuS/Pancake3D can magnetodynamic or coupled magneto-thermal simulations. Thanks use thin shell approximations, an $\vec{H}-\phi$ formulation, and anisotropic homogenization techniques, each turn be resolved on mesh level efficient robust manner. relies...