Submerged macrophytes improve the structural heterogeneity of microhabitats in aquatic ecosystems, often providing an important habitat for zooplankton. However, excessive development free-floating on water surface can reduce biomass submerged and result a relatively simple structure. We hypothesized that controlling would more complex structure by promoting macrophytes. After applying three experimental treatments (NR, no removal; IR, intermediate CR, complete removal macrophytes), we found...

In general, aquatic plants in shallow wetlands provide critical habitat and refuge for epiphytic microinvertebrates. We hypothesised that the density diversity of microinvertebrates would differ based on different types plant species. collected microinvertebrate samples surfaces (stems leaves) diverse species at 2 (Upo Jangcheok, South Korea) from May to June 2011. The tended increase as number increased. highest was found elodeid pleustophyte species, a relatively low helophyte nymphaeid...

Aquatic macrophytes determine the physical complexity of aquatic environments and may influence distribution feeding habits fish species. We explored different microhabitats, including vegetated beds (VB), edges (EVB), open water zones (OW), on two exotic species (Lepomis macrochirus Micropterus salmoides) in shallow reservoirs. Lepomis was more abundant VB than other M. salmoides mainly distributed EVB. In VB, L. consumed branchiopods isopods, while EVB relied relatively larger food items,...

Empirical studies suggest that the structural heterogeneity of aquatic ecosystem microhabitat is determined by diversity and abundance macrophytes. However, excessive accumulation free-floating macrophytes on water surface can reduce biomass submerged macrophytes, resulting in a relatively simplified habitat structure. We hypothesized heavy summer rainfall disrupts growth covering much Jangcheok Reservoir’s surface, thereby more complex structure allowing development diverse macrophytic...

In this study, we examined the effects of two phytoplankton species, Chlorella vulgaris and Stephanodiscus hantzschii, on growth zooplankton Daphnia magna. Our experimental approach utilized stable isotopes to determine contribution food algae offspring characteristics size adult D. magna individuals. When equal amounts were provided (in terms carbon content), individuals, zooplankton, their increased significantly following provision S. but not after C. or a combination species. Offspring...

High predation risk and food depletion lead to sexual reproduction in cyclically parthenogenetic Daphnia. Mating, the core of reproduction, also occurs under these conditions. Assessment environmental conditions alteration mating efforts may aid determining success reproduction. Here, we evaluated impacts risk, quantity, reproductive phase females on behavior Daphnia obtusa males including contact frequency duration using video analysis. Mating–related involved male–female (mating) as well...

Abstract The objective of our study was to investigate sexual reproduction D aphnia magna associated with mating behaviors and hatching rates, according different algal food sources. Since a diatom is known contain more abundant long‐chain poly unsaturated fatty acids ( PUFA s), we hypothesized that the diatom‐consuming D. would exhibit successful rates. Upon hypothesis, designed three experiments using two species, green alga Chlorella vulgaris ) Stephanodiscus hantzschii ). From results,...

Abstract Background This study aimed to identify NO 3 − -N sources using the stable isotope δ 15 N in Chydorus sphaericus (OF Müller), investigate hydrological characteristics and nutrient states artificial wetlands near Nakdong River. is dominant where aquatic plants are abundant, occurring high density, sensitive wetland water pollution, making it suitable for identification of sources. Results each were strongly dependent on characteristics. Wetlands with sewage or rainfall/groundwater as...

Understanding the mechanisms of biochar C sequestration within soil aggregates requires us to investigate role in aggregation process. We aimed compare aggregate dynamics soils amended with organic matter or and quantify amount included different sizes aggregate. In free‐draining incubation jars, collected from grassland rice ( Oryza sativa L.) paddy were fresh corn stalks Zea mays L) leaves (CORN_RAW) made (CORN_CHAR). Temporal change investigated. Soils fractionated into macroaggregates...

Abstract Macrophytes determine the physical complexity of aquatic environments and provide a suitable habitat for colonization by microcrustaceans. We evaluated effects seasonal growth pattern structure macrophyte species on epiphytic microcrustaceans collected from surfaces (stems leaves) in shallow wetlands May 2011 to October 2012. In 2011, that preferred free-floating macrophytes (Spirodela polyrhiza Salvinia natans) submerged (Potamogeton crispus Ceratophyllum demersum) were affected...

In empirical studies, Cladocera is commonly utilized as a primary food source for predators such fish, thus, predator avoidance are important strategies to sustain their population in freshwater ecosystems. this study, we tested the hypothesis that water depth an factor determining spatial distribution of Diaphanosoma brachyurum Liévin, 1848 response fish predation. Quarterly monitoring was implemented at three layers (i.e., surface and middle bottom layers) 21 reservoirs located...

In this study, we explain the environmental variables that mainly influence seasonal pattern of rotifer communities in shallow wetlands (Upo Wetlands, South Korea). Long‐term data ( n = 197, 2006–2013) were used to analyze patterns by means a self‐organizing map (SOM), which extracts information through competitive and adaptive properties. A total 32 (24 groups rotifers 8 variables) patterned onto SOM, then each variable was compared accordance with four patterns. Three clusters categorized...

We tested the hypothesis that spatial distribution and diet composition of Asplanchna species might be affected by presence aquatic macrophytes in 33 wetlands South Korea. estimated densities other rotifer crustacean, together with environmental parameters, both vegetated open water zones, from May to June 2011. In present study, two Asplanchna, A. priodonta herrickii, were observed significantly more abundant zones lacking macrophytes. particular, density was higher than strongly positively...

Abstract Macrophytes play a major role in the structuring of aquatic environments, and create diverse microhabitats. Therefore, these plants represent an important factor regulating zooplankton biomass, taxonomic composition, distribution freshwater ecosystems. In current study, we examined effects structural heterogeneity provided by various macrophytes. We identified four habitat types this study: (1) open water (without macrophytes), (2) helophyte zone, (3) pleustophyte (4) mixed...

Aquatic macrophytes determine the physical structure of many microhabitats in water and strongly influence distribution various aquatic animals. In this study, we analyzed main microhabitat characteristics that affected spatial invertebrates shallow wetlands South Korea (Jangcheok Reservoir). Environmental variables, macrophyte biomass, invertebrate groups were used to analyze using a self-organizing map (SOM). Thirteen mapped onto SOM, each group was compared with environmental variables...

Frequent predation induces various defense strategies in prey, including morphological changes or migration patterns zooplankton. We hypothesized that the winter dominance of Cyclops vicinus Upo Wetlands, South Korea, is an evolved temporal mechanism to avoid fish predation. Long-term data (2014–2019) showed consumed most cyclopoid copepods from spring autumn. Lepomis macrochirus preferentially C. vicinus; thus, density was lower However, abundant when fewer copepods. Nauplii began increase...

In freshwater ecosystems, habitat heterogeneity supports high invertebrate density and diversity, it contributes to the introduction settlement of non-native species. present study, we identified preferences trophic level Brachydiplax chalybea flavovittata larvae, which were distributed in four 17 wetlands examined Yeongsan River basin, South Korea. Larval varied across microhabitat types: open water area, microhabitats dominated by Myriophyllum aquaticum, Paspalum distichum, Zizania...

Empirical studies suggest that changes in the density of top predators, such as carnivorous fish, freshwater food webs, strongly affect not only fish communities but also various primary and secondary consumers. Based on these findings, we explored how differences utilization (i.e., Northern Snakehead, Channa argus) by humans affected cladoceran community structure well settlement exotic species Lepomis macrochirus Micropterus salmoides) 30 wetlands located upper lower reaches Nakdong River....

The introduction of exotic species negatively affects the distribution and interactions within local biological communities in an ecosystem can threaten health. This study aimed to provide basic data required manage P. clarkii Yeongsan River basin. We identified dispersion pattern evaluated risk this newly introduced species. survey investigated Procambarus populations at 25 sites basin over a four-year period. initial occurred Jiseok Stream. larvae were most abundant areas with dense...