A5010248018- Geophysics and Sensor Technology
- Cold Atom Physics and Bose-Einstein Condensates
- Mechanical and Optical Resonators
- Advanced Frequency and Time Standards
- Advanced Fiber Optic Sensors
- Advanced Fiber Laser Technologies
- Quantum optics and atomic interactions
- Geophysics and Gravity Measurements
- Relativity and Gravitational Theory
- Quantum Information and Cryptography
- Photonic and Optical Devices
- Cosmology and Gravitation Theories
- Photonic Crystal and Fiber Optics
- Ion-surface interactions and analysis
- Quantum chaos and dynamical systems
- Diamond and Carbon-based Materials Research
- Seismic Waves and Analysis
- Advanced Materials Characterization Techniques
- Solar and Space Plasma Dynamics
- Inertial Sensor and Navigation
- Optical Network Technologies
- Pulsars and Gravitational Waves Research
- High-pressure geophysics and materials
- Atomic and Subatomic Physics Research
- Bamboo properties and applications
Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Pisa
2018-2025
University of Pisa
2015-2025
Istituto di Scienza e Tecnologie dell'Informazione "Alessandro Faedo"
2013-2025
National Interuniversity Consortium for the Physical Sciences of Matter
2010-2017
National Institute of Optics
2015-2016
Istituto Nanoscienze
2016
Absolute angular rotation rate measurements with sensitivity better than prad/s would be beneficial for fundamental science investigations.On this regard, large frame Earth based ring laser gyroscopes are top instrumentation as far bandwidth, long-term operation, and concerned.Here, we demonstrate that the GINGERINO active-ring upper limiting noise is close to 2×10 -15 rad/s ∼ 5 s of integration time, estimated by Allan deviation evaluated in a differential measurement scheme.This more...
Measuring in a single location on Earth its angular rotation rate with respect to the celestial frame, sensitivity enabling access tiny Lense-Thirring effect is an extremely challenging task. GINGERINO large frame ring laser gyroscope, operating free running and unattended inside underground laboratory of Gran Sasso, Italy. The main geodetic signals, i.e., Annual Chandler wobbles, daily polar motion Length Day, are recovered from data using standard linear regression methods, demonstrating...
Ring Laser Gyroscopes, based on the Sagnac effect, are currently most sensitive rotation sensors. GINGERINO, a RLG installed underground, shows proved sensitivity that enters few frad/s regime in about 2.5 days of integration time. On one hand, this is well below shot–noise–level as predicted applying to GINGERINO so called independent beam model. other it paves way use fundamental and quantum physics research. Indeed, high measurement opens test general relativity alternative theory...
Inertial sensors are important at application level and also in fundamental physics. Ring laser gyroscopes, which measure angular rotation rates, among the most sensitive ones. Large area ring reach sensitivities of fractions prad/s, allowing measurements relevant geophysical signals. Improvements a factor 10–100 would make these instruments able to general relativity effects; this is goal e.g. GINGER project, an Earth based experiment aiming test Lense–Thirring effect with accuracy $$1\%$$...
Abstract The debate on gravity theories to extend or modify general relativity is very active today because of the issues related ultraviolet and infrared behavior Einstein’s theory. In first case, we have address quantum problem. latter, dark matter energy, governing large-scale structure cosmological evolution, seem escape from any final fundamental theory detection. state art that, up now, no theory, capable explaining gravitational interaction at scale, has been formulated. this...
Absolute angular rotation rate measurements with sensitivity better than prad/s would be beneficial for fundamental science investigations. On this regard, large frame Earth based ring laser gyroscopes are top instrumentation as far bandwidth, long--term operation, and concerned. Here, we demonstrate that the GINGERINO active--ring upper limiting noise is close to $2 \times 10^{-15}$ rad/s $\sim 2 10^5$ s of integration time, estimated by Allan deviation evaluated in a differential...
Abstract Expanding the control of optomechanical coupling into optical domain, namely beyond electronic and electromechanical gates, offers unequalled advantages in terms spatial precision remote operation. Here, a photochromic‐based system is introduced with optically tunable coupling. The features multilayered membrane as one its mirrors, well polymer layer doped photochromic molecule near‐infrared absorbing dye. interaction between mechanical modes electromagnetic field harnessed to lower...
We report the experimental observation of St\"uckelberg oscillations matter waves in optical lattices. Extending previous work on Landau-Zener tunneling Bose-Einstein condensates lattices, we study effects accumulated phase between two successive crossings Brillouin zone edge. Our results agree well with a simple model for multiple events taking into account band structure lattice.
The absolute measurement of the Earth angular rotation rate with ground-based instruments becomes challenging if 1 part in $10^9$ precision has to be obtained. This threshold is important for fundamental physics and geodesy, investigate effects General Relativity Lorentz violation gravity sector provide fast variation rate. High sensitivity Ring Laser Gyroscopes (RLG) are currently only promising technique achieve this task near future, but their been so far limited by systematics related...
The GINGER (gyroscopes in general relativity) project foresees the construction of an array large frame ring laser gyroscopes, rigidly connected to Earth. Large gyroscopes are high-sensitivity instruments used measure angular velocity with respect local inertial frame. In particular, they can provide sub-daily variations Earth rotation rate, a measurement relevant for geodesy and fundamental physics at same time. Sensitivity is key point determining relevance this instrument science. most...
By photoionizing hyperfine (HF) levels of the Cs state $6{\phantom{\rule{0.16em}{0ex}}}^{2}{P}_{3/2}$ in a slow and cold atom beam, we find how their population depends on excitation laser power. The long time (around $180\phantom{\rule{4pt}{0ex}}\ensuremath{\mu}\mathrm{s})$ spent by atoms inside resonant beam is large enough to enable exploration unique atom-light interaction regime heavily affected time-dependent optical pumping. We demonstrate that, under such conditions, onset nonlinear...
Abstract Ring laser gyroscopes are top sensitivity inertial sensors used in the measurement of angular rotation. It is well known that response such remarkable instruments can principle access very low frequency band, but occurrence nonlinear effects dynamics imposes severe limitations terms and stability. We report here general relationships aimed at evaluating corrections able to effectively account for dynamics. The so-derived applied analyse thirty days continuous operation large area...
Abstract GINGERINO is one of the most sensitive Sagnac laser-gyroscopes based on an heterolithic mechanical structure. It a prototype for GINGER, laser gyroscopes array proposed to reconstruct Earth rotation vector and in this way measure General Relativity effects. Many factors affect final sensitivity gyroscopes, particular, when they are used long-term measurements, slow varying environmental parameters come into play. To understand role different terms allows design more effective as...
The sensitivity to angular rotation of the top class Sagnac gyroscope GINGERINO is carefully investigated with standard statistical means, using 103 days continuous operation and available geodesic measurements Earth rate. All features rate are correctly reproduced. fractions frad/s attained for long term runs. This excellent stability put gyroscopes at forefront fundamental physics, in particular tests general relativity Lorentz violation, where plays key role provide reliable data deeper...
In this paper, we outline the scientific objectives, experimental layout, and collaborations envisaged for GINGER (Gyroscopes IN GEneral Relativity) project.The project brings together different disciplines aiming at building an array of Ring Laser Gyroscopes (RLGs), exploiting Sagnac effect, to measure continuously, with sensitivity better than picorad/s, large bandwidth (ca. 1 kHz), high dynamic range, absolute angular rotation rate Earth.In address feasibility apparatus respect ambitious...
Large frame ring laser gyroscopes, based on the Sagnac effect, are top sensitivity instrumentation to measure angular velocity with respect fixed stars. GINGER (Gyroscopes IN GEneral Relativity) project foresees construction of an array three large dimension rigidly connected Earth. has potentiality general relativity effects and Lorentz Violation in gravity sector, once a 10−9, or better, Earth rotation rate is obtained. Being attached crust, will also provide useful data for geophysical...
Focused ion beam technology is key to both academic and industrial sample processing, for material deposition or ablation, but its progress toward nanometer resolution hampered by chromatic aberration of the beam. The authors use laser cooling, a magneto-optical trap, photoionization deliver well-controlled, low-energy, low-current with narrow energy spread. Their source promising basis advance state art.
A fundamental requirement in quantum information processing and many other areas of science is the capability precisely controlling a system by preparing state with highest fidelity and/or fastest possible way. Here we present an experimental investigation two level system, characterized time-dependent Landau-Zener Hamiltonian, aiming to test general optimal high-fidelity control protocols. The experiment based on Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC) loaded into optical lattice, then accelerated,...
Gyroscopes IN GEneral Relativity (GINGER) is a proposed experiment with the aim of measuring gravito-electric (known also as De Sitter effect) and gravito-magnetic effects (or Lense – Thirrings in ground laboratory, foreseen by general relativity, through an array large dimension ring laser gyroscopes. The site located inside Gran Sasso laboratories (LNGS) INFN, under more than one thousand meter underground, well protected from surface perturbations. GINGERINO square ring-laser prototype...
Rydberg excitation dynamics of a 87-Rb cold atom cloud is investigated in an effective one-dimensional geometry. We measure the and full counting statistics for resonant off-resonant to 70S state. While laser distributions have strong sub-Poissonian character, we find strongly bimodal regime. The n-th central moments, up n = 4, are derived from measured distributions.
Optical forces on microspheres inside hollow core photonic crystal fibers (HC-PCFs) are often predicted using a ray optics model, which constrains its validity based wavelength and microsphere sizes. Here, we introduce rigorous treatment of the electromagnetic Lorenz-Mie theory, involves analytical determination beam shape coefficients for optical modes HC-PCF. The method is more practicable than numerical approaches and, in contrast with models, it not limited by system size parameters....
Abstract GINGER (Gyroscopes IN GEneral Relativity), based on an array of large dimension ring laser gyroscopes, is aiming at testing Earth General Relativity effects, like the gravito-electric and gravito-magnetic effects (also known as De Sitter Lense-Thirring effects) Lorentz violation. The sensitivity a function size losses optical cavity. In this kind measurement long term stability matter concern, underground location desirable for its natural thermal being isolated from atmospheric...