A5047622910- Memory and Neural Mechanisms
- Memory Processes and Influences
- Neurobiology of Language and Bilingualism
- Functional Brain Connectivity Studies
- Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research
- Neural dynamics and brain function
- Reading and Literacy Development
- Advanced MRI Techniques and Applications
- Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies
- Digital Mental Health Interventions
- Epilepsy research and treatment
- Child and Animal Learning Development
- Anesthesia and Sedative Agents
- Intelligent Tutoring Systems and Adaptive Learning
- Domain Adaptation and Few-Shot Learning
- Visual and Cognitive Learning Processes
- EEG and Brain-Computer Interfaces
- Topic Modeling
- Action Observation and Synchronization
- Advanced Neuroimaging Techniques and Applications
- Preterm Birth and Chorioamnionitis
- Speech and dialogue systems
- Alzheimer's disease research and treatments
- Educational Strategies and Epistemologies
- Face Recognition and Perception
MRC Cognition and Brain Sciences Unit
2013-2023
Medical Research Council
1994-2023
University of Cambridge
2018-2023
University of East London
2005-2012
MRC Centre for Reproductive Health
1996
The role of prediction error (PE) in driving learning is well-established fields such as classical and instrumental conditioning, reward procedural memory; however, its human one-shot declarative encoding less clear. According to one recent hypothesis, PE reflects the divergence between two probability distributions: reflecting prior (from previous experiences) other sensory evidence current experience). Assuming unimodal distributions, can be manipulated three ways: (1) distance mode...
Events that conform to our expectations, is, are congruent with world knowledge or schemas, better remembered than unrelated events.Yet events conflict schemas can also be better.We examined this apparent paradox in 4 experiments, which were established by training ordinal relationships between randomly paired objects, whereas event memory was tested for the number of objects on each trial.Better found both and incongruent trials, relative producing performance a "U-shaped" function...
A simple cue can be sufficient to elicit vivid recollection of a past episode. Theoretical models suggest that upon perceiving such cue, disparate episodic elements held in neocortex are retrieved through hippocampal pattern completion. We tested this fundamental assumption by applying functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) while objects or scenes were used participants9 recall previously paired objects, respectively. first demonstrate segregation within the medial temporal lobe (MTL),...
Abstract It has been claimed that semantic dementia (SD), the temporal variant of fronto-temporal dementia, is characterized by an across-the-board deficit affecting all types conceptual knowledge. We here confirm this generalized but also report differential degrees impairment in processing specific word categories a case series SD patients (N = 11). Within domain words with strong visually grounded meaning, patients' lexical decision accuracy was more impaired for color-related than...
Journal Article Immunoepidemiologic Studies of Strongyloides stercoralis and Human T Lymphotropic Virus Type I Infections in Jamaica Get access R. D. Robinson, Robinson Reprints or correspondence: Dr. Parasite Research Laboratories, Department Zoology, University the West Indies, Mona, Kingston 7, Jamaica. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar J. F. Lindo, Lindo A. Neva, Neva Gam, Gam P. Vogel, Vogel S. I. Terry, Terry E. Cooper The Infectious...
Much evidence suggests that the Hippocampus is necessary for learning novel associations. Contrary to this, Sharon, Moscovitch, and Gilboa (2011) reported four amnesic patients with Hippocampal damage who maintained capacity learn object-name associations when trained a 'fast-mapping' (FM) technique. This technique therefore potentially offers an alternative route information in populations experiencing memory problems. We examined this potential healthy ageing, by comparing 24 Older Young...
Focal lesions can affect connectivity between distal brain regions (connectional diaschisis) and impact the graph-theoretic properties of major networks (connectomic diaschisis). Given its unique anatomy diverse range functions, hippocampus has been claimed to be a critical "hub" in networks. We investigated effects hippocampal on structural functional six patients with amnesia, using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) analyses. Neuropsychological assessment revealed marked episodic memory...
Understanding the role of Tau protein aggregation in pathogenesis Alzheimer's disease is critical for development new Tau-based therapeutic strategies to slow or prevent dementia. We tested hypothesis that pathology associated with functional organization widespread neurophysiological networks. used electro-magnetoencephalography [18F]AV-1451 PET scanning quantify Tau-dependent network changes. Using a graph theoretical approach brain connectivity, we quantified nodal measures segregation,...
Source monitoring paradigms have been used to separate: 1) the probability of recognising an item (Item memory) and 2) remembering context in which that was previously encountered (Source memory), conditional on it being recognised. Multinomial Processing Tree (MPT) models are effective way estimate these probabilities. Moreover, MPTs make explicit assumptions behind different ways parameterise Item memory. Using data from six independent groups across two paradigms, we show one would draw...
Background. Prevalence rates for anxiety and depression are increasing globally, outpacing the capacity of traditional mental health services. Digital Mental Health Interventions (DMHIs) offer a cost-effective solution, but user engagement is poor. Integrating AI-powered conversational agents could enhance experience, though AI technology rapidly evolving, acceptability these solutions remains uncertain. Objective. This study aims to understand acceptability, usability agent-led DMHI with...
Fast mapping (FM) is an incidental learning process that hypothesized to allow rapid, cortical-based memory formation, independent of the normal, hippocampally dependent episodic system. It believed underlie rapid vocabulary in infants occurs separately from intentional memorisation strategies. Interest adult FM was stimulated by a report which adults with amnesia following hippocampal damage showed normal ability learn new object-name associations after task, despite their impaired under...
Abstract Using an object decision task, event-related potentials (ERPs), and minimum norm current source estimates, we investigated early spatiotemporal aspects of cortical activation elicited by line drawings that were manipulated on two dimensions: authenticity typicality. Authentic objects those match real-world experience, whereas nonauthentic “doctored” deletion or addition features (e.g., a camel with its hump removed, hammer handles). The main manipulation interest for both authentic...
A central debate in the systems neuroscience of memory concerns whether different medial temporal lobe (MTL) structures support processes recognition memory. Using two paradigms, we tested a rare patient (MH) with perirhinal lesion that appeared to spare hippocampus. Consistent similar previous case, MH showed impaired familiarity and preserved recollection. When compared patients hippocampal lesions appearing cortex, greater impairment on less Nevertheless, also healthy controls. However,...
Abstract Escalating global mental health demand exceeds existing clinical capacity. Scalable digital solutions will be essential to expand access high-quality healthcare. This study evaluated the effectiveness of a intervention alleviate mild, moderate and severe symptoms generalized anxiety. structured, evidence-based program combined an Artificial Intelligence (AI) driven conversational agent deliver content with human oversight user support maximize engagement effectiveness. The was...
A related word prime has been found to interfere with picture naming after unrelated intervening trials (word-to-picture interference). Recently, Stroop-type picture–word interference effects have interpreted in terms of a postlexical response exclusion process rather than competitive lexical selection process. An experiment is reported that examines whether word-to-picture could reflect mechanisms and, more generally, strategic processing the prime. Forty-eight volunteer university students...
Localising the sources of MEG/EEG signals often requires a structural MRI to create head model, while ensuring reproducible scientific results sharing data and code. However, face go be hidden help protect identity individuals concerned. While automated de-facing methods exist, they tend remove whole face, which can impair for coregistering with EEG/MEG data. We show that new, method retains nose maintains good MRI-MEG/EEG coregistration. Importantly, behavioural this "face-trimming" does...
The objective of this study was to demonstrate the ontogeny POMC gene expression, distribution immunoreactive ACTH, and tissue peptide content within placenta fetal membranes investigate regulatory effects PGs progesterone during first trimester labor at term. Tissues were collected from following groups: 1) women undergoing (gestation 5-12 weeks) therapeutic abortion (by suction curettage with without synthetic PGE1 analogue, gemeprost administered vaginally 2-4 h before procedure or 600 mg...
Previous work has shown that naming word primes can subsequently interfere with related picture targets in a paradigm mixes words and pictures together. An experiment is reported which all the prime were presented before unrelated pictures, times measured. The time interval between stimuli was manipulated (either 1 or 4s intervals next fixation) intention of reducing likelihood anticipatory strategies elaboration. Analysis indicated significant main effect relatedness, did not interact...
The hippocampus is believed to be important for rapid learning of arbitrary stimulus-response contingencies, or S-R bindings. In support this, Schnyer et al. (2006) (Experiment 2) measured priming reaction times (RTs) categorise visual objects, and found that patients with medial temporal lobe damage, unlike healthy controls, failed show evidence reduced when response contingencies were reversed between initial repeated categorisation objects (a signature bindings). We ran a similar though...