A5053564117- Herpesvirus Infections and Treatments
- Virus-based gene therapy research
- Cytomegalovirus and herpesvirus research
- Viral Infectious Diseases and Gene Expression in Insects
- Viral Infections and Immunology Research
- CAR-T cell therapy research
- Monoclonal and Polyclonal Antibodies Research
- Toxin Mechanisms and Immunotoxins
- Poxvirus research and outbreaks
- Vector-Borne Animal Diseases
- Viral-associated cancers and disorders
- Parvovirus B19 Infection Studies
- Reproductive tract infections research
- Food Allergy and Anaphylaxis Research
- interferon and immune responses
- Respiratory viral infections research
- Genetic and Clinical Aspects of Sex Determination and Chromosomal Abnormalities
- Animal Genetics and Reproduction
- Probiotics and Fermented Foods
- CRISPR and Genetic Engineering
- Dermatology and Skin Diseases
- Plant Virus Research Studies
- Animal Virus Infections Studies
- Viral Infections and Vectors
- Immune Cell Function and Interaction
University of Bologna
2011-2025
University of Pennsylvania
2004
Zurich Heart House
1998
Leipzig University
1998
University of Ferrara
1998
University of Pisa
1996
ABSTRACT We report on the functional cloning of a hitherto unknown member immunoglobulin (Ig) superfamily selected for its ability to confer susceptibility herpes simplex virus (HSV) infection highly resistant cell line (J1.1-2 cells), derived by exposure BHKtk− cells recombinant HSV-1 expressing tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α). The sequence herpesvirus Ig-like receptor (HIgR) predicts transmembrane protein with an ectodomain consisting three cysteine-bracketed domains, one V-like and...
Entry of herpes simplex virus (HSV) 1 into cells requires the interaction HSV gD with herpesvirus entry mediator or nectin1 receptors, and fusion cell membrane mediated by glycoproteins gB, gH, gL. We report that ectodomain in soluble form (amino acids 1-305) was sufficient to rescue infectivity a gD-null mutant, indicating does not need be anchored virion envelope mediate entry. required, addition receptor-binding sites contained within residues 1-250, discrete downstream portion 261-305),...
ABSTRACT The receptors for entry of herpes simplex viruses 1 and 2 (HSV-1 -2), widely expressed in human cell lines, are members a subset the immunoglobulin superfamily exemplified by herpesvirus mediator C (HveC) immunoglobulin-like receptor (HIgR). This report focuses on two this subset, B (HveB), recently designated nectin2/PRR2α, its splice variant isoform, nectin2/PRR2δ. Nectin2α -δ share ectodomain but differ transmembrane cytoplasmic regions. HveB was reported to enable HSV-1 carrying...
A novel frontier in the treatment of tumors that are difficult to treat is oncolytic virotherapy, which a replication-competent virus selectively infects and destroys tumor cells. Herpes simplex (HSV) represents particularly attractive system. Effective retargeting tumor-specific receptors has been achieved by insertion gD heterologous ligands. Previously, our laboratory generated an HSV retargeted human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2), overexpressed about one-third mammary some...
The herpesvirus entry mediator C (HveC), previously known as poliovirus receptor-related protein 1 (PRR1), and the Ig-like receptor (HIgR) are bona fide receptors employed by herpes simplex virus-1 -2 (HSV-1 -2) for into human cell lines most frequently used in HSV studies. They share an identical ectodomain made of one V two C2 domains differ transmembrane cytoplasmic regions. Expression their mRNA nervous system suggests possible usage these humans path neuron infection HSV. Glycoprotein D...
Nectins form a family of integral molecules that belong to the immunoglobulin superfamily. Their ectodomain is made three Ig-like domains (V, C, C). This comprises at least five members, namely nectin1, -2, -3, -4, and poliovirus receptor (PVR), are involved in different physiological pathological processes. (i) adhesion localized adherens junctions epithelial cells. (ii) Some nectins act as or alpha-herpesvirus receptors (nectin1). (iii) Nectin1 mutations orofacial developmental...
The immunoglobulin-like receptors that mediate entry of herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) into human cells were found to the direct cell-to-cell spread wild-type virus. here designated Nectin1alpha and -delta Nectin2alpha originally HIgR, PRR1/HveC, PRR2alpha/HveB, respectively. We report following. (i) Wild-type HSV-1 spreads from cell in J expressing nectin1alpha or nectin1delta but not parental are devoid receptors. A monoclonal antibody nectin1, which blocks entry, also blocked...
Oncolytic virotherapy exploits the ability of viruses to infect, replicate into, and kill tumor cells. Among that entered clinical trials are HSVs. HSVs can be engineered become tumor-specific by deletion selected genes or retargeting receptors. A clinically relevant surface molecule is HER-2, hyperexpressed in one fourth mammary ovary carcinomas, associated with high metastatic ability. As a previously undescribed strategy generate HSV recombinants retargeted HER-2 detargeted from natural...
ABSTRACT Herpes simplex virus (HSV) enters cells by fusion with target membranes, commonly the plasma membrane. In some cells, including CHO expressing nectin1 or herpesvirus entry mediator receptors, occurs through an endocytic route. We report following results. (i) When expressed in J and HVEM mediated a pathway of insensitive to endosome acidification inhibitors. (ii) A chimeric receptor competent for endosomal uptake ectodomain transmembrane sequence cytoplasmic tail epidermal growth...
Oncolytic herpes simplex viruses (HSVs) represent a novel frontier against tumors resistant to standard therapies, like glioblastoma (GBM). The oncolytic HSVs that entered clinical trials so far showed encouraging results; however, they are marred by the fact highly attenuated. We engineered maintain unimpaired lytic efficacy and specifically target cells express tumor-specific receptors, thus limiting cytotoxicity only cancer cells, leaving unharmed neighboring tissues. report on safety in...
Oncolytic viruses aim to specifically kill tumor cells. A major challenge is the effective targeting of disseminated tumors in vivo. We retargeted herpes simplex virus (HSV) tropism HER-2 oncoprotein p185, overexpressed ovary and breast cancers. The HER-2-retargeted R-LM249 exclusively infects kills cells expressing high levels human HER-2. Here, we assessed efficacy systemically i.p. delivered against mouse models that recapitulate spread peritoneum women. ovarian carcinoma SK-OV-3...
Previously, we engineered oncolytic herpes simplex viruses (o-HSVs) retargeted to the HER2 (epidermal growth factor receptor 2) tumor cell specific by insertion of a single chain antibody (scFv) in gD, gH, or gB. Here, scFvs three additional cancer targets—EGFR receptor), EGFRvIII, and PSMA (prostate membrane antigen)—in gD Δ6–38 enabled generation specifically o-HSVs. Viable recombinants resulted from an scFv place aa 6–38, but not 61–218. Hence, only N-terminus accepted all tested inserts....
Human herpesvirus 7 (HHV-7) infection in histologically normal human tissues was investigated by immunohistochemical detection of the 85-kDa tegument phosphoprotein (pp85) encoded U14 gene. So far, two cell types were recognized as sites HHV-7 vivo: CD4+ T lymphocytes, believed to be site latent infection, and epithelial cells salivary glands, productive viral shedding. Unexpectedly, expressing structural antigen detectable lungs, skin, mammary glands. Morphologically phenotypically, they...
ABSTRACT Entry of herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1) into cells occurs by fusion with cell membranes; it requires gD as the receptor binding glycoprotein and trigger fusion, trio conserved glycoproteins gB, gH, gL to execute fusion. Recently, we reported that ectodomain HSV-1 gH carries a hydrophobic α-helix (residues 377 397) attributes an internal peptide (T. Gianni, P. L. Martelli, R. Casadio, G. Campadelli-Fiume, J. Virol. 79: 2931-2940, 2005). Downstream this α-helix, heptad repeat (HR)...
The full-length cDNA of the murine homolog human nectin1δ (mNectin1δ), also known as poliovirus receptor related 1 (PRR1) or herpesvirus entry mediator C, was cloned and showed a >90% identity with its counterpart. mNectin1δ is expressed in some cell lines, exemplified by NIH 3T3 L cells, tissues. It mediates an extended range herpes simplex virus (HSV) strains, porcine pseudorabies (PrV), bovine 1. A soluble form blocked infectivity (hNectin1δ)-expressing suggesting physical interaction...
The human epidermal growth factor receptor 2/neuregulin (HER2/neu) is overexpressed in highly malignant mammary and ovarian tumors correlates with a poor prognosis. It target for therapy; humanized monoclonal antibodies to HER2 have led increased survival of patients HER2/neu-positive breast cancer. As first step the design an oncolytic herpes simplex virus able selectively infect cells, we constructed two recombinants, R-LM11 R-LM11L, that carry single-chain antibody (scFv) against inserted...